scholarly journals Luis Jerónimo de Oré OFM — Symbolo Catholico Indiano (1598)

2020 ◽  
pp. 139-157
Author(s):  
Kasper Kaproń OFM
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Human Person ◽  
Anthropological Perspective ◽  
Catholic Faith ◽  
Cultural Integrity ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Extreme North ◽  
Aboriginal Groups ◽  
Indian Nations

Brother Luis Jerónimo de Oré’s Symbolo Catholico Indiano was the most important and authorized sixteenth century treatise for the evangelization of the native Andean peoples. In its pages we find a vivid image of Andean reality immediately after the Conquest and a fervent exposition of the Catholic faith inspired in the recent Councils of Trent and Lima. The treatise also presents the missioning methods that served the Franciscans and other priests of the Viceroyalty for the evangelization of the indigenous peoples. Above all, in this text we find an admirable exposition of the theological doctrine and catechetical practice in the anthropological perspective that forms its starting point, which is the Andean man or woman who had never heard a message of salvation and dignity for the human person. Brother Luis Jerónimo de Oré Rojas OFM was born in Huamanga in 1554 (now the geographi- cal Department of Ayacucho in Perú). He was a zealous missionary who travelled throughout the colonizers’ territory, from the extreme north of Florida to the extreme south of Chile. As an intelli- gent linguist he was the author of important rituals and catechisms in Quechua and Aymara. He was one of the first bishops born on the American soil, and the first to be incorporated into the Native Indian Council and the Vatican hierarchy; as a bishop he stood out for his protection of aboriginal groups and his energetic defense of the cultural integrity of Native Indian nations.

scholarly journals THE EXTREME NORTH AS A GEOPOETIC IMAGE IN THE LITERATURE OF THE INDIGENOUS PEOPLES OF THE NORTH OF YAKUTIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 337-342
Author(s):  
Zh.V. Burtseva
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Far North ◽  
The North ◽  
Winter Snow ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Artistic Interpretation ◽  
Northern Territories ◽  
Extreme North

The starting point for highlighting the Northern text of the literature of Yakutia from the point of view of geographical toponymic characteristics is the concept of “Far North (Arctic)”. The article is devoted to the analysis of this system-forming concept in the literature of the Indigenous peoples of the North of Yakutia, which includes landscape, natural images, signs, symbols of this territory in their generalized integrity (tundra, taiga, sea, rivers, mountains, nomadic paths, winter, snow, cold, nomad, deer, bear and others). The description of the northern territories and images in an artistic interpretation is filled with a distinctive symbolic meaning associated with local mythology, sacred geography. The results of the study show that the concept of “Far North” is not a thematic phenomenon, not a geographical location, but a special attitude. This is a whole picture of the world, preserving national identity in itself, both in form and in content, in value guidelines.

《臺灣蕃人事情》報告與日治初期官方原住民教育政策的形成

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (35) ◽  
pp. 065-080
Author(s):  
張耀宗 張耀宗
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Education System ◽  
Indigenous Education ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Anthropological Perspective ◽  
Official Report ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Similarity And Difference ◽  
Appropriate Education

<p>本文主要目的在於從《臺灣蕃人事情》報告，來看日治初期官方原住民教育政策之形成。《臺灣蕃人事情》是民政部事務囑託伊能嘉矩和粟野傳之丞呈給民政長官後藤新平的覆命書，此覆命書係為實施蕃人教育預作準備。本書大部分內容由人類學調查所組成，可作為從人類學的角度看待教育的特殊視角。在蕃人教育措施準備上，覆命書中提及針對各族原住民「開化發達」的程度不同，給予適當之教育措施。對照日本總督府隨後原住民教育政策之發展，覆命書確實有其若合符節之處，也有差異之處。會有差異之處的原因，在於殖產部門所管轄的原住民區域，發展出與文教部門不同的原住民教育措施。</p> <p>&nbsp;</p><p>The main purpose of this article is to analyze the relation between the formation of the official indigenous education policy in the early period of Japanese colony and the report &ldquo;The History and Custom of Taiwan Indigenous Peoples &quot;. &ldquo;The History and Custom of Taiwan Indigenous Peoples &ldquo;was the official report for the Chief of the Civil Affairs, Goto Shinpei, by two officials of Department of Civil Affairs, Ino　Kanori and Suo Chuanji. The purpose of survey was the preparations for educating indigenous peoples. Most part of this report was based on field study, which could help to see education from an anthropological perspective. For establishing an education system for indigenous peoples, it divided to the different levels of civilization of each different ethnic group of indigenous peoples, and then gave each an appropriate education. Comparing the subsequent development of the indigenous education system that Taiwan Governor’s Office of Japanese initiated, it found there were some similarity and difference between the official report and the practical policy. The reason for the difference based on the development of indigenous educational policy that was different from the educational unit in the indigenous areas under the jurisdiction of the developmental department.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p>

Kibbutz and Colony: Collective Economies and the Outside World

1972 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 456-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Barkin ◽  
John W. Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Social System ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Agrarian Economy ◽  
Cultural Integrity ◽  
Industrial Age ◽  
Communal Property ◽  
Communal Living

In an increasingly integrated world social system, the communitarian society must guard its autonomy while it simultaneously adjusts to external institutions in order to survive. In this paper we are concerned with the ways in which two of the most successful or at least enduring examples of collective agriculture and communal living, the kibbutz communities of Israel and the colonies of Hutterian Brethren in North America, are adapting to the pressures of the external society in order to retain their cultural integrity.1 Although the ideologies of these groups are linked in the distant past, from the standpoint of cultural background one could hardly find two more disparate cases: the sixteenth-century Anabaptist Hutterites with their Christian brotherhood, and the kibbutzniks, with their secular socialism and Zionist zeal. These are real differences, but these communities also have two important things in common: a dedication to the principles of communal property and communal living, and making a living by operating large, diversified agricultural enterprises. These similarities create a common need on the part of both Hutterites and kibbutzniks to maintain a certain distance from the surrounding society and its prevailing individualistic organization; to calculate the advantages and disadvantages of an agrarian economy in an industrial age; and to experience virtually identical problems of management and social organization created by large-scale agrarian diversification.

scholarly journals Mongolian place names in Fernão Mendes Pinto’s Peregrinação

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-239
Author(s):  
Afonso Xavier Canosa ◽  
Benjamin Brosig
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Place Names ◽  
Starting Point

The Mongolic term khaan (‘king’), for which there is full correspondence, semantic and phonological, in sixteenth century Portuguese cão, is used as a starting-point to identify the graphemes that correspond to several Mongolic consonants in place names transcribed in the chapters related to the Tartars in Fernão Mendes Pinto’s Peregrinação (1614). With the deduced rules of pronunciation at hand, it is possible to establish new pairs of lexical correspondences and solve a brief lexicon extracted from the list of Tartar toponyms.

scholarly journals Sixteenth-century Mexican Monasteries and Art. An Anthropological Perspective

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-124
Author(s):  
Monika Brenišínová
Keyword(s):  
Native American ◽  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
New Spain ◽  
Anthropological Perspective ◽  
Monastic Architecture ◽  
History Of Art ◽  
History Of

Abstract This paper deals with sixteenth-century Mexican monastic architecture and art. Mexican monasteries were constructed all over the territory of New Spain (1635-1821) in relation to the need to evangelize the native American populations. The article discusses the place of this architecture and art in the historiography of the history of art taking into consideration the changes of paradigms and putting particular emphasis on anthropology and its approaches. In terms of method, it is interdisciplinary and combines synchronic and diachronic perspectives.

The attempted divorce of James Hamilton, earl of Arran, Governor of Scotland

2010 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Blakeway
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Motivating Factor

This article examines the little-known 1544 attempt by James Hamilton, earl of Arran and then Governor of Scotland (future duke of Châtelherault) to divorce his wife, Margaret Douglas, eldest daughter of James Douglas, earl of Morton. It is concluded that Arran's failed divorce does not provide an explanation for his ‘godly fit’ of 1543, and that his actions were not motivated by the desire for an heir. Rather, Arran sought to maintain his children's legitimacy whilst gaining the freedom to take a new wife. The article explores the possibility that in this context, Margaret Douglas's poor mental health may have been a motivating factor behind the divorce attempt. Taking the failed divorce attempt as a starting point, the article moves on to re-consider the subsequent relationship between Arran and his wife's kin. It is argued that the marriage of Margaret's youngest sister, Elizabeth, to James Douglas, the nephew of the earl of Angus and future regent Morton, placed Arran and his brother-in-law in a position of heightened competition. This rivalry over landed interests underscored and exacerbated political tensions between the two men, serving to fuel one of the most potent noble rivalries in sixteenth-century Scotland.

Eloquence Embodied

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Céline Carayon
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Nonverbal Communication ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Colonial America ◽  
Language Barriers ◽  
Indigenous Languages ◽  
Indigenous Resistance ◽  
Linguistic Fluency ◽  
A Site ◽  
Standing Question

Taking a fresh look at the first two centuries of French colonialism in the Americas, this book answers the long-standing question of how and how well Indigenous Americans and Europeans communicated with each other during colonial encounters. French explorers and colonists in the sixteenth century noticed that Indigenous peoples from Brazil to Canada used signs to communicate. The newcomers, in response, quickly embraced the nonverbal as a means to overcome cultural and language barriers throughout French America. Céline Carayon's close examination of French accounts, combined with her multidisciplinary methodology, enables her to recover these sophisticated Native practices of embodied expression. In a colonial world where communication and trust were essential but complicated by the multiplicity of Indigenous languages, intimate and sensory communications ensured that colonists and Indigenous peoples understood each other well. Understanding, in turn, bred both genuine personal bonds and violent antagonisms. Nonverbal communication shaped Indigenous resistance to colonial pressures across the Americas just as it fueled the French imperial imagination and strategies. Challenging the notion of colonial America as a site of misunderstandings and insurmountable cultural clashes, Carayon shows that Natives and newcomers used nonverbal means to build relationships before the rise of linguistic fluency--and, crucially, well afterward.

Ven. Robert Sutton of Stafford a Note on his Family and Early Life

1953 ◽  
Vol 2 (02) ◽  
pp. 150-166
Author(s):  
D.M. Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Present Note ◽  
Early Years ◽  
The Other ◽  
Elizabeth I ◽  
Catholic Faith

Robert Sutton is a name that occurs quite often in sixteenth century records. It was borne by two of the English martyrs under Elizabeth I, the only two, among the three hundred and sixty martyrs at present officially listed, to bear identical names. One of these was a layman, a school-master, hanged at Clerkenwell in October 1588 for being reconciled to the Catholic faith (1). The other was a secular priest hanged, drawn and quartered at Stafford a year earlier (2). The present note concerns the priest, but since further contemporaries of these two martyrs also had the same name, others, too, will be mentioned in the course of investigating the early years of the Ven. Robert Sutton, the priest martyr of 1587.

Part II Group Identity, Self-Determination, and Relations with States, Ch.6 The UNDRIP and the Rights of Indigenous Peoples to Existence, Cultural Integrity and Identity, and Non-Assimilation: Articles 7(2), 8, and 43

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hohmann Jessie
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
International Law ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Cultural Survival ◽  
Cultural Integrity ◽  
Indigenous Group ◽  
United Nations Declaration ◽  
Cultural Entities

This chapter focuses on the rights to identity, existence, and non-assimilation in Articles 7(2), 8, and 43, which together enshrine rights to the protection of indigenous peoples' continued survival and existence, both physically as individuals and as cultural entities in accordance with levels of human dignity and well-being. Indigenous peoples pressed for the inclusion of such principles in the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP) in the recognition that pre-existing international, regional, and national laws had failed to protect their survival as communities with distinct cultures, or recognise them as distinct peoples. The three provisions studied in this chapter reflect this central concern of indigenous group/cultural survival and flourishing as peoples. As such, the final agreed text of Articles 7(2), 8, and 43 must be seen as containing norms aimed at the development of existing international law, which would protect and confirm indigenous collectivities in ways not currently recognised or only now emerging.

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