scholarly journals THE EXTREME NORTH AS A GEOPOETIC IMAGE IN THE LITERATURE OF THE INDIGENOUS PEOPLES OF THE NORTH OF YAKUTIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 337-342
Author(s):  
Zh.V. Burtseva
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Far North ◽  
The North ◽  
Winter Snow ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Artistic Interpretation ◽  
Northern Territories ◽  
Extreme North

The starting point for highlighting the Northern text of the literature of Yakutia from the point of view of geographical toponymic characteristics is the concept of “Far North (Arctic)”. The article is devoted to the analysis of this system-forming concept in the literature of the Indigenous peoples of the North of Yakutia, which includes landscape, natural images, signs, symbols of this territory in their generalized integrity (tundra, taiga, sea, rivers, mountains, nomadic paths, winter, snow, cold, nomad, deer, bear and others). The description of the northern territories and images in an artistic interpretation is filled with a distinctive symbolic meaning associated with local mythology, sacred geography. The results of the study show that the concept of “Far North” is not a thematic phenomenon, not a geographical location, but a special attitude. This is a whole picture of the world, preserving national identity in itself, both in form and in content, in value guidelines.

scholarly journals Luis Jerónimo de Oré OFM — Symbolo Catholico Indiano (1598)

2020 ◽  
pp. 139-157
Author(s):  
Kasper Kaproń OFM
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Human Person ◽  
Anthropological Perspective ◽  
Catholic Faith ◽  
Cultural Integrity ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Extreme North ◽  
Aboriginal Groups ◽  
Indian Nations

Brother Luis Jerónimo de Oré’s Symbolo Catholico Indiano was the most important and authorized sixteenth century treatise for the evangelization of the native Andean peoples. In its pages we find a vivid image of Andean reality immediately after the Conquest and a fervent exposition of the Catholic faith inspired in the recent Councils of Trent and Lima. The treatise also presents the missioning methods that served the Franciscans and other priests of the Viceroyalty for the evangelization of the indigenous peoples. Above all, in this text we find an admirable exposition of the theological doctrine and catechetical practice in the anthropological perspective that forms its starting point, which is the Andean man or woman who had never heard a message of salvation and dignity for the human person. Brother Luis Jerónimo de Oré Rojas OFM was born in Huamanga in 1554 (now the geographi- cal Department of Ayacucho in Perú). He was a zealous missionary who travelled throughout the colonizers’ territory, from the extreme north of Florida to the extreme south of Chile. As an intelli- gent linguist he was the author of important rituals and catechisms in Quechua and Aymara. He was one of the first bishops born on the American soil, and the first to be incorporated into the Native Indian Council and the Vatican hierarchy; as a bishop he stood out for his protection of aboriginal groups and his energetic defense of the cultural integrity of Native Indian nations.

scholarly journals Interethnic Marriages of Indigenous Peoples of the North in the Krasnoyarsk Territory in the Late 1950s

2021 ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
R.V. Pavlyukevich ◽  
E.V. Barmina
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Mixed Marriages ◽  
The North ◽  
Northern Territories ◽  
The One ◽  
Interethnic Marriages ◽  
The Russian Language

The article is devoted to the phenomenon of interethnic marriages between Russians and indigenous peoples of the North in the Krasnoyarsk territory in the 1950s. The research is based on the materials of censuses and surveys conducted by local authorities in the late 1950s. The focus of researchers was made by the Enets, the Nganasans, the Selkups, the Evenks and the Kets. Since the second half of the 20th century, contacts between the Russian population and the peoples of the far North of the Krasnoyarsk territory have become more frequent. In the context of construction projects in the region, there is an increase in marriages between Russians and representatives of local indigenous peoples. These marriages had an ambiguous impact, on the one hand they were an expression of the principle of "friendship of peoples", one of the basic principles of the Soviet state and contributed to the integration of the Northern territories into the Krasnoyarsk territory. On the other hand, mixed marriages accelerated the assimilation of these peoples and contributed to the cease and extinction of their culture. Their parents positioned most of the children in such marriages as Russian. In everyday speech these families, as well as a rule, was dominated by the Russian language, Russian culture.

scholarly journals “I show you my coast…”—a relational study of coastscapes in the North Frisian Wadden Sea

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Döring ◽  
Beate Ratter
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Landscapes ◽  
Wadden Sea ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Perceived Need ◽  
The North ◽  
Nature And Culture ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Mobile Methods

AbstractIn recent years, there has been an upsurge in research on relational approaches in geography and in the study of cultural landscapes. Following these strands of research, the relationality of human beings with their natural environments has been highlighted, emphasising the various ways people engage with their lifeworlds. This development is motivated by the perceived need to analytically expand landscape research towards a more-than-representational point of view, challenging the still prevalent dichotomy of nature and culture. The paper takes these insights as a starting point and provides an insight into a more-than-representational understanding of coastscapes that is combined with a more-than-representational understanding of language. Its aim is threefold: to theoretically engage with a more-than-representational and enlanguaged understanding of coastscapes; to explore the relevance of mobile methods for such an approach; and to empirically illustrate the emotive and relational bonds coastal dwellers form with their littoral environs. To capture the dynamism of a more-than-representational understanding that coastal dwellers develop with their coastscape, walking interviews were conducted in the district of North Frisia (Germany). All interviews were examined following a grounded approach and refined by a linguistic in-depth investigation. The analysis revealed four prevailing interpretative repertoires reconfiguring the boundary between nature and culture. They exhibit what we call a coast-multiple that adds to coastal nature-society-mixes which might be of interest for future coastal management at the German Wadden Sea.

scholarly journals PARCOURS MEMORIELS AMERINDIENS ET GEOPOETIQUE DES CONFINS - AMERINDIAN MEMORIAL ITINERARIES AND GEOPOETICS OF THE CONFINES

Organon ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (57) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita Olivieri Godet
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
American Indians ◽  
Tierra Del Fuego ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Amazon Forest ◽  
American Continent ◽  
Mots Clés ◽  
Amazonian Forest ◽  
Far North ◽  
Northern Territories

RESUME : Il s’agit d’interroger les figurations des rapports des Amérindiens au continent américain dans des textes littéraires qui ont recours à la mémoire pour mettre en scène des « territoires lointains » et leurs populations autochtones: les territoires nordiques du Canada (Chants polaires de Jean Morisset, 2002) ; la forêt amazonienne (Yuxin-Alma de Ana Miranda, 2009) ; la Terre de Feu (Luna roja de Leopoldo Brizuela, 2002). De l’extrême-Nord à l’extrême-Sud du continent américain, en passant par la forêt amazonienne, c’est la construction imaginaire de la conception de « confins », renvoyant à la dichotomie entre civilisation et terres sauvages, qu’il nous intéresse d’examiner tout en soulignant les modalités spécifiques d’appropriation des éléments d’une mythologie de l’espace américain mises en place par les différents textes littéraires.  MOTS CLES : mémoire, Amérindiens, confins, espace américain ABSTRACT: The representations of American Indians relationship to the American continent are investigated in literary texts that use memory to stage the "distant lands" and their indigenous peoples: the northern territories of Canada (Chants Polaires by Jean Morisset, 2002); the Amazonian forest (Yuxin-Alma by Ana Miranda, 2009); Tierra del Fuego (Luna roja by Leopoldo Brizuela, 2002). From the far north to the far south of the American continent through the Amazon forest, we are interested in the imaginary construction of the conception of "confines", referring to the dichotomy between civilization and wilderness, while emphasizing the specific modalities of appropriation of elements of a mythology of the American space implemented by the various literary texts. KEYWORDS: memory, Amerindians, confines, American space

Formation of Agrarian Production Infrastructure in the Areas Inhabited by Indigenous Small-Numbered Peoples of the North. Case Study of Krasnoyarsk

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Denis Victorovich PARSHUKOV ◽  
Victor Nikolayevich NEVZOROV ◽  
Marina Anatolevna YANOVA ◽  
Elena Nikolayevna OLEYNIKOVA ◽  
Igor Victorovich MATSKEVICH
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Krasnoyarsk Krai ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Biological Resources ◽  
The North ◽  
Northern Territories ◽  
Hunting And Fishing ◽  
Forest Foods ◽  
Ways Of Life

The article is devoted to the problems of protecting and developing traditions and ways of life of indigenous small-numbered peoples of the North through employment. Stability of northern clans is reviewed through the problems related to the development of nature’s potential and the use of the northern territories’ biological resources, the creation of supporting agrarian zones in the inhabited areas and formation of relevant production infrastructure. The article addresses development directions of such traditional industries and trades of the North as reindeer herding, hunting and fishing, and gathering of forest foods. The authors chose for the research the Taymyr Dolgan-Nenets District and the Evenkiysky District of Krasnoyarsk Krai, which are home to a large group of indigenous small-numbered peoples of the North. Research methods include analysis of official and analytical reports, publications, regulations, results of field surveys, and economic calculations. It has been established that the districts under research have substantial resources for the development of traditional northern industries and trades. Having generalized the collected materials, the authors assessed the reserves of the areas’ biological resources, and potential production volumes for the traditional industries and trades, as well as determined locations for production infrastructure facilities. The main constraints to the development of the traditional industries and trades are the poor development of transportation infrastructure, the difficulties related to the export of goods from the areas, the monopolistic nature of the procurement of goods from indigenous peoples, and changes in the state approach to the management of northern territories.

Assessment of the quality of life of respondents working on a rotational basis in the Far North (on the example of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug — Ugra)

2021 ◽  
pp. 66-75
Author(s):  
E. G. Ivanova ◽  
E. V. Makarova
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Body ◽  
Far North ◽  
The North ◽  
Sf 36

Introduction. Currently, one of the directions in medicine is the study of the issue of the quality of life of patients. This indicator is a complex characteristic in terms of the physical and psychological component of health. The state of health is influenced by many factors and one of them is the peculiarities of the climatogeographic region where a person lives. The conditions of the Far North are characterized by extreme climatic and industrial conditions. In such areas, a rotational method is used, which assumes distance from the permanent place of residence. Thus, the influence of the climatic conditions of the Far North on the quality of life of respondents working on a rotational basis determines the relevance of this study, which was carried out in the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug — UGRA (KhMAO — Ugra).The aim of the research was to study the quality of life of respondents working on a rotational basis in the Far North.Materials and methods. Only men took part in this study — 207 people working in the conditions of the Far North (KhMAO — Ugra) on a rotational basis. All respondents were divided into four age groups: group 1 — 24–28 years old (n=36); group 2 — 29–34 years old (n=63); group 3 — 35–38 years old (n=78); group 4 — 39–45 years old (n=30). The duration of follow-up ranged from 1 to 3 months. A simple survey of all respondents was used to obtain information. In order to study the quality of life (QL) of those working in the Far North on a rotational basis, the MOS SF-36 questionnaire was used. Statistical analysis was performed using the STATGRAPHICS 12 Plus for Windows software in accordance with the general principles of QOL research in medicine.Results. With a long stay in the Far North, a restructuring of the adaptive mechanisms is noted, which goesthrough several stages: initially, minor physiological changes are noted that do not lead to serious changes in the body systems. The second stage is characterized by stable working capacity, but already there is a decrease in health indicators on all scales of the SF-36 questionnaire. The third stage or period of uncompensated fatigue is characterized by a significant decrease in psychological and physical indicators. Conclusion. Unfavorable from the point of view of the medico-biological aspect in the work on a rotational basis in the Far North is the coincidence of the period of work with the phase of the greatest adaptation falling on the first month of stay in the North.

scholarly journals Who benefits from hospital birth? Perceptions of medicalised pregnancy and childbirth among Andean migrants in Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
KAROLINA KUBERSKA
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Migrant Women ◽  
Santa Cruz ◽  
Pregnancy And Childbirth ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Political Impact ◽  
Ethnographic Data ◽  
The Government ◽  
Andean Highlands

This paper uses ethnographic data on reproductive experiences of indigenous Andean migrant women in the lowland eastern Bolivian city of Santa Cruz de la Sierra as a starting point for discussion of different perspectives on the efforts of the Bolivian state to biomedicalise the processes of pregnancy and childbirth. Pregnant women and babies up to six months of age are covered by the state-funded Universal Mother-Infant Insurance (SUMI) that favours the use of biomedical facilities over the services of traditional midwives that are not covered by the insurance. Unlike in the western Andean highlands of Bolivia, most women in Santa Cruz give birth in hospitals while actively negotiating their options. They are not motivated by strictly medical factors as social or economic circumstances also come into play. Simultaneously, the increased levels of hospital deliveries in Bolivia translate into decreased levels of maternal and perinatal mortality, which in turn help Bolivian statistics to fare better from the point of view of the government and international bodies, such as the WHO. However, the restrictions on qualifying for SUMI are such that women in Santa Cruz are often forced to meet the costs of medical services themselves. I argue that the initial socio-biomedical intention of SUMI has become obscured by its political impact. Keywords: biomedicalization; traditional medicine; migration; childbirth; Santa Cruz de la Sierra; indigenous peoples.

scholarly journals Damage Compensation for Indigenous Peoples in the Conditions of Industrial Development of Territories on the Example of the Arctic Zone of the Sakha Republic

Resources ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Burtseva Evdokia ◽  
Bysyina Anna
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Far East ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Polar Regions ◽  
Arctic Zone ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
The North

In the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic, hereinafter SR, the Arctic zones are the original habitat of indigenous peoples, who can conduct economic activities only in undisturbed or lightly disturbed lands. From this point of view, the problem of compensation for losses of indigenous peoples as a result of industrial development of territories is of particular relevance. At the same time, it is necessary to identify the main problems of indemnification of losses of the indigenous small-numbered peoples of the North (ISNPN) during the industrial development of the traditional natural resource management territories (TNRMT). The study was conducted using historical, geographical, analytical, synthetic, and statistical methods. In the Arctic zone, the diamond mining, gold mining, and coal mining industrial facilities are located inside TNRM areas. In the near future, it is planned to revive the tin industry, develop oil and gas fields on the continental Arctic shelf, and develop the Tomtor Complex Rare-Earth Deposit. In 2010, a law of the SR was passed: “On Ethnological Expertise in the Places of Traditional Residence and Traditional Economic Activities of the Peoples of the SR”. To date, in the ethnological examination of SR, we have investigated 13 investment business projects. In the course of the investigation, it turned out that most of the comments from both experts and tribal communities concern the section of compensation for damages. The official methodology developed on materials from the polar regions of the western part of Russia cannot be extrapolated to the entire territory of the North, Siberia, and the Far East. It is necessary to develop regional methods for calculating losses of indigenous peoples, which regulate the interaction of subsoil users with the authorities and representatives of the clan communities engaged in traditional crafts.

scholarly journals Ethnic identity of saami teenagers – representatives of the indigenous peoples of the far north of Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (26) ◽  
pp. 220-227
Author(s):  
Natalia Flotskaya ◽  
Svetlana Bulanova ◽  
Maria Ponomareva
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
Identity Development ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
National Interests ◽  
Far North ◽  
Murmansk Region ◽  
Northern Territories ◽  
Indigenous Adolescents

This article addresses the problem of studying ethnic identity in Saami adolescents, representatives of indigenous peoples of the Russian Far North. The aim of the research is to study ethnic identity in adolescent Saami boys and girls. The article presents the results of an empirical research conducted using the “Types of ethnic identity” technique developed by G.U. Soldatova and S.V. Ryzhova. 39 Saami adolescents aged 12-13 years (18 boys and 21 girls) and 40 Saami adolescents aged 14-15 years (23 boys and 17 girls) participated in our empirical research as respondents. All the respondents live in the village of Lovozero in the Murmansk region. To identify specific features of ethnic identity development among Saami adolescents, we included ethnic Russian adolescent respondents: 59 people aged 12-13 years (31 boys and 28 girls), and 62 people aged 14-15 years (32 boys and 30 girls). Empirical data was collected in the period from April to May 2018. The analysis of the empirical research results allowed us to identify the dynamics in the development of ethno-nihilism, ethnic indifference, positive ethnic identity, ethno-egoism, ethno-isolationism and ethno-fanaticism in adolescent Saami boys and girls (12 to 15 years). The research revealed specific features of ethnic identity in Saami adolescents in comparison with their ethnic Russian agemates. The results of this research can be used to preserve and develop ethnic identity among indigenous adolescents in the Arctic territories of the European North of Russia. In future, this will allow to develop individual routes of training and education for indigenous adolescents in the Far North, to improve the system of psychological counselling and support. This will provide prospects for preservation of indigenous culture, traditions and ethnic identity, which will in its turn contribute to the development of the Northern territories, implementation of national interests, and achievement of the state strategic goals in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation.

scholarly journals Implementation of Indigenous Rights in Russia: Shortcomings and Recent Developments

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Tomaselli ◽  
Anna Koch
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Far East ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Indigenous Rights ◽  
Active Engagement ◽  
The North ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Umbrella Organization ◽  
The Government

After more than 20 years of active engagement in Indigenous issues, RAIPON, the umbrella organization of the Indigenous peoples of the North, Siberia, and the Far East, was ordered to suspend its activities by the Russian Ministry of Justice in November 2012. Eventually, this order was withdrawn provided that RAIPON changed its statute, which subsequently took place in early 2013. Why such sudden and definitive decisions? Apparently, the measures taken against RAIPON were due to its active engagement to defend Indigenous peoples' rights especially vis-à-vis the Russian extractive industry. A starting point for all possible explanations is thus the existing gap between the legal protection of Indigenous peoples' and its enforcement. The aims of this article are thus to gain a deeper understanding of the legal protection of Indigenous peoples’ rights in the Russian Federation, and to explore the interests and the politics lying behind the government attitude vis-à-vis Indigenous peoples.

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