scholarly journals Ozone‐induced changes in the murine lung extracellular vesicle small RNA landscape

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory J. Smith ◽  
Adelaide Tovar ◽  
Matt Kanke ◽  
Yong Wang ◽  
Jessy S. Deshane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Rna ◽  
Extracellular Vesicle ◽  
Murine Lung ◽  
Induced Changes

scholarly journals Heterogeneity and interplay of the extracellular vesicle small RNA transcriptome and proteome

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Sork ◽  
Giulia Corso ◽  
Kaarel Krjutskov ◽  
Henrik J. Johansson ◽  
Joel Z. Nordin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Rna ◽  
Extracellular Vesicle

scholarly journals Extracellular Vesicle Capture by AnTibody of CHoice and Enzymatic Release (EV‐CATCHER): A customizable purification assay designed for small‐RNA biomarker identification and evaluation of circulating small‐EVs

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan I. Mitchell ◽  
Iddo Z. Ben‐Dov ◽  
Christina Liu ◽  
Kenny Ye ◽  
Kar Chow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Rna ◽  
Extracellular Vesicle ◽  
Biomarker Identification

scholarly journals Detection of Atherosclerosis by Small RNA-Sequencing Analysis of Extracellular Vesicle Enriched Serum Samples

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Hildebrandt ◽  
Benedikt Kirchner ◽  
Agnes S. Meidert ◽  
Florian Brandes ◽  
Anja Lindemann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Small Rna ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
Arterial Disease ◽  
Extracellular Vesicle ◽  
Small Rna Sequencing ◽  
Peripheral Arterial ◽  
Overrepresentation Analysis

Atherosclerosis can occur throughout the arterial vascular system and lead to various diseases. Early diagnosis of atherosclerotic processes and of individual disease patterns would be more likely to be successful if targeted therapies were available. For this, it is important to find reliable biomarkers that are easily accessible and with little inconvenience for patients. There are many cell culture, animal model or tissue studies that found biomarkers at the microRNA (miRNA) and mRNA level describing atherosclerotic processes. However, little is known about their potential as circulating and liquid biopsy markers in patients. In this study, we examined serum-derived miRNA – profiles from 129 patients and 28 volunteers to identify potential biomarkers. The patients had four different atherosclerotic manifestations: abdominal aneurysm (n = 35), coronary heart disease (n = 34), carotid artery stenosis (n = 24) and peripheral arterial disease (n = 36). The samples were processed with an extracellular vesicle enrichment protocol, total-RNA extraction and small RNA-sequencing were performed. A differential expression analysis was performed bioinformatically to find potentially regulated miRNA biomarkers. Resulting miRNA candidates served as a starting point for an overrepresentation analysis in which relevant target mRNAs were identified. The Gene Ontology database revealed relevant biological functions in relation to atherosclerotic processes. In patients, expression of specific miRNAs changed significantly compared to healthy volunteers; 27 differentially expressed miRNAs were identified. We were able to detect a group-specific miRNA fingerprint: miR-122-5p, miR-2110 and miR-483-5p for abdominal aortic aneurysm, miR-370-3p and miR-409-3p for coronary heart disease, miR-335-3p, miR-381-3p, miR493-5p and miR654-3p for carotid artery stenosis, miR-199a-5p, miR-215-5p, miR-3168, miR-582-3p and miR-769-5p for peripheral arterial disease. The results of the study show that some of the identified miRNAs have already been associated with atherosclerosis in previous studies. Overrepresentation analysis on this data detected biological processes that are clearly relevant for atherosclerosis, its development and progression showing the potential of these miRNAs as biomarker candidates. In a next step, the relevance of these findings on the mRNA level is to be investigated and substantiated.

scholarly journals Herbivory-induced changes in the small-RNA transcriptome and phytohormone signaling in Nicotiana attenuata

2008 ◽  
Vol 105 (12) ◽  
pp. 4559-4564 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. P. Pandey ◽  
P. Shahi ◽  
K. Gase ◽  
I. T. Baldwin
Keyword(s):  
Small Rna ◽  
Nicotiana Attenuata ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Phytohormone Signaling

scholarly journals Bioengineering a novel 3D in-vitro model to recreate physiological oxygen levels and tumor-immune interactions

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Somshuvra Bhattacharya ◽  
Kristin Calar ◽  
Claire Evans ◽  
Mark Petrasko ◽  
Pilar de la Puente
Keyword(s):  
Immune Evasion ◽  
Matrix Protein ◽  
Tumor Hypoxia ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Extracellular Vesicle ◽  
Extracellular Matrix Protein ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Levels ◽  
Induced Changes

ABSTRACTOxygen deprivation within tumors is one of the most prevalent causes of resilient cancer cell survival and increased immune evasion in breast cancer (BCa). Current in vitro models do not adequately mimic physiological oxygen levels relevant to breast tissue and its tumor-immune interactions. Here, we propose an approach to engineer a three-dimensional (3D) model (named 3D engineered oxygen, 3D-O) that supports growth of BCa cells and generates physio- and pathophysiological oxygen levels. Low oxygen-induced changes within the 3D-O model supported known tumor hypoxia characteristics such as reduced BCa cell proliferation, increased extracellular matrix protein expression, increased extracellular vesicle secretion and enhanced immune surface marker expression on BCa cells. We further demonstrated that low oxygen-induced changes mimicked tumor-immune interactions leading to immune evasion mechanisms. CD8+ T cell infiltration was significantly impaired under pathophysiological oxygen levels and we were able to establish that hypoxia inhibition re-sensitize BCa cells to cytotoxic CD8+ T cells. Therefore, our novel 3D-O model could serve as a promising platform for the evaluation of immunological events and as a drug-screening platform tool to overcome hypoxia-driven immune evasion.

Evaluation of optimal extracellular vesicle small RNA isolation and qRT-PCR normalisation for serum and urine

2016 ◽  
Vol 429 ◽  
pp. 39-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel E. Crossland ◽  
Jean Norden ◽  
Louis A. Bibby ◽  
Joanna Davis ◽  
Anne M. Dickinson
Keyword(s):  
Small Rna ◽  
Rna Isolation ◽  
Extracellular Vesicle ◽  
Qrt Pcr ◽  
Serum And Urine

scholarly journals Assessment of methods for serum extracellular vesicle small RNA sequencing to support biomarker development

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1684425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swetha Srinivasan ◽  
Manuel X. Duval ◽  
Vivek Kaimal ◽  
Carolyn Cuff ◽  
Stephen H. Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Rna Sequencing ◽  
Small Rna ◽  
Extracellular Vesicle ◽  
Small Rna Sequencing

scholarly journals Two Small Extracellular Vesicle sRNAs Derived From Mycobacterium tuberculosis Serve as Diagnostic Biomarkers for Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geng Lu ◽  
XinRui Jiang ◽  
Anni Wu ◽  
Jiawei Zhou ◽  
Hengjun Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Small Rna ◽  
Membrane Vesicles ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Extracellular Vesicle ◽  
Diagnostic Biomarkers ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Novel Approach

The rapid diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) is of great significance for the control and treatment of TB. However, TB remains a major healthy, social, and economic burden worldwide because of the lack of ideal diagnostic biomarkers. Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis)-encoded small RNA (sRNA) is a class of regulation small RNA. Several studies have identified M. tuberculosis encoded-sRNAs in the serum/plasm of M. tuberculosis-infected patients. Small extracellular vesicles are small membrane vesicles secreted by many cell types during physiological and pathological conditions. Recent evidence has indicated that most of the nucleic acids in the serum/plasma are packaged in the small extracellular vesicles and could serve as ideal diagnostic biomarkers. In this study, we attempted a novel approach for TB diagnosis: targeting small extracellular vesicles M. tuberculosis encoded sRNA (sRNA) by qRT-PCR. The results showed that M. tuberculosis-encoded ASdes and MTB-miR5 only existed in tuberculosis patients and have the potential to serve as a sensitive and accurate methodology for TB diagnosis.

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