6. Power over Production: The Technical Division of Labor and Workers’ Strategic Positions in Steel

2020 ◽  
pp. 147-178
GEOgraphia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (48) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Mendes Antas Jr.

Resumo: No presente artigo, analisamos o circuito espacial produtivo de medicamentos presente nos territórios francês e brasileiro e determinadas trocas realizadas entre esses países, mas não exclusivamente. Abordamos a combinação de aconteceres homólogos, complementares e hierárquicos na execução das ações globais que constituem os circuitos espaciais produtivos, isto é, a articulação desses aconteceres por parte das corporações e do Estado de modo a promover uma sincronia entre os chamados espaços da globalização para efetivar uma divisão territorial do trabalho global. Inicialmente, discute-se a pertinência do conceito de circuito espacial produtivo em vez de cadeia produtiva ou redes de produção global. Em seguida, a articulação entre os aconteceres para a realização de ações globais. Por fim, elegemos quatro complexos de eventos do ramo farmacêutico e o modo como se apresentam nos territórios francês e brasileiro para abordar a produção de simultaneidades instrumentais à competitividade para as empresas do referido circuito espacial.Palavras chave: Circuito espacial produtivo de medicamentos. Acontecer solidário. Simultaneidade. Brasil. França. THE ARTICULATION OF EVENTS IN BUILDING OF GLOBAL FLOWS: NOTES ON THE PRODUCTIVE SPATIAL CIRCUIT OF DRUGS IN FRANCE AND BRAZILAbstract: We analyzed the spatial circuit of pharmaceutical products in French and Brazilian territories from the flow of productive inputs to this industrial production. In order to understand the modus operandi of these exchanges, we applied the concepts of homologous, complementary and hierarchical events and their articulation by companies and the State, to identify the technical division of labor between the industries of these two countries. We were able to verify the pharmaceutical industry articulations and productive particularities of each country to increase capital accumulation. We identified this intentional combination of events by transnational companies and the State by the use of simultaneity to strengthen capitalist competitiveness.Keywords: Spatial circuit of pharmaceutical products. Homologous, complementary and hierarchical events. Space-time simultaneity. Brazil. France Résumé: Nous avons analysé le circuit spatial des médicaments dans les territoires français et brésiliens à partir des flux d’intrants productifs nécessaires à cette production industrielle. Pour comprendre le traitement de ces échanges, nous avons utilisé les concepts d’événements homologues, complémentaires et hiérarchiques et leur articulation par les entreprises et l’État, identifiant comment une division technique du travail a été réalisée entre les industries installées dans ces deux pays. Nous avons pu vérifier que les laboratoires pharmaceutiques transnationaux articulent les particularités institutionnelles et productives de chaque pays pour augmenter l’accumulation de capital. Nous avons identifié cette combinaison intentionnelle d’événements par des sociétés transnationales et l’État comme l’utilisation de la simultanéité espace-temps pour renforcer la compétitivité capitaliste.Mots-clés: Circuit spatial des médicaments. Événements homologues, complémentaires et hiérarchiques. Simultanéité. Brésil. France. 


2009 ◽  
pp. 54-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Shastitko ◽  
S. Avdasheva ◽  
S. Golovanova

The analysis of competition policy under economic crisis is motivated by the fact that competition is a key factor for the level of productivity. The latter, in its turn, influences the scope and length of economic recession. In many Russian markets buyers' gains decline because of the weakness of competition, since suppliers are reluctant to cut prices in spite of the decreasing demand. Data on prices in Russia and abroad in the second half of 2008 show asymmetric price rigidity. At least two questions are important under economic crisis: the 'division of labor' between pro-active and protective tools of competition policy and the impact of anti-crisis policy on competition. Protective competition policy is insufficient in transition economy, especially in the days of crisis it should be supplemented with the well-designed industrial policy measures which do not contradict the goals of competition. The preferable tools of anti-crisis policy are also those that do not restrain competition.


1976 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 304-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliot Freidson

Author(s):  
E. A. Ponuzhdaev ◽  
Tatiana A. Shpilkina

The authors considered historical and topical issues of the international division of labor (MRT). The analysis and parallel of MRI data by ancient scientists, researchers, scientists and experts of the XVIII, XIX, and XXI centuries. On the example of the European Union countries Greece, Spain and Portugal, the analysis of GDP, wages and unemployment as key indicators that characterize the economy of countries is carried out. The historical «cycle» of social structures is given and the dynamics of the ratio of the upper (B), middle (C) and lower (H) classes is shown. It shows the current problems of world markets, taking into account sanctions, trade wars and the consequences of the pandemic. Prospects for the national division of labor (NDT) are defined.


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