Appendix G : Details on Variable Coding for Multivariate Models throughout the Book

2015 ◽  
pp. 249-252
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Models

scholarly journals The ageing of parent carers: classed and gendered care-giving patterns at higher ages

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Ursula Henz
Keyword(s):  
Adult Children ◽  
Social Classes ◽  
Retirement Age ◽  
Parent Care ◽  
Multivariate Models ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Care Giving ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Marital Union

Abstract Increasing longevity has led to a rising number of adult children who are at higher ages when they provide care for their parents. Drawing on the lifecourse approach and exchange theory, the paper addresses similarities and differences in parent care between late middle-aged and older adult children. The study uses the UK Household Longitudinal Study, restricting the analysis sample to individuals aged 50 and older with a living parent or parent-in-law. It presents multivariate models to examine differences between late middle-aged (aged 50–64) and older (aged 65+) children in being a parent carer, providing intensive care, the duration of parent care and providing selected types of help to parents. The involvement in parent care increases among women up to the end of their seventh decade of life and for men up to their eighth decade of life. At higher ages, the proportion of parent carers decreases more strongly for women than men. Older carers have shorter care-giving episodes than younger carers, but there is no significant difference in the type of care provided. Even past retirement age, parent care remains classed and gendered, with women from lower social classes having the highest likelihood of providing intensive parent care in old age. Having dependent children or living in a non-marital union depress the likelihood of caring for a parent even past retirement age.

scholarly journals Comparison of Different Measures of Fat Mass and Their Association with Serum Cystatin C Levels

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Boon Wee Teo ◽  
Jonathan J. H. Soon ◽  
Qi Chun Toh ◽  
Hui Xu ◽  
Jialiang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystatin C ◽  
Information Criterion ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Multivariate Models ◽  
Serum Cystatin C ◽  
Serum Cystatin ◽  
Percentage Body Fat ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Skin Fold ◽  
Triceps Skin Fold

Introduction. Cystatin C (CysC) is a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) marker affected by GFR and obesity. Because percentage body fat (%BF) distribution is affected by ethnicity, different measures of %BF may improve CysC prediction. This study aims to create multivariate models that predict serum CysC and determine which %BF metric gives the best prediction. Methods. Serum CysC was measured by nephelometric assay. We estimated %BF by considering weight, body mass index, waist-hip ratio, triceps skin fold, bioimpedance, and Deurenberg and Yap %BF equations. A base multivariate model for CysC was created with a %BF metric added in turn. The best model is considered by comparing P values, R2, Akaike information criterion (AIC), and Bayesian information criterion (BIC). Results. There were 335 participants. Mean serum CysC and creatinine were 1.27 mg/L and 1.44 mg/dL, respectively. Variables for the base model were age, gender, ethnicity, creatinine, serum urea, c-reactive protein, log GFR, and serum albumin. %BF had a positive correlation with CysC. The best model for predicting CysC included bioimpedance-derived %BF (P=0.0011), with the highest R2 (0.917) and the lowest AIC and BIC (−371, −323). Conclusion. Obesity is associated with CysC, and the best predictive model for CysC includes bioimpedance-derived %BF.

Comparison of Outcomes after Hospitalization for Deep Venous Thrombosis or Pulmonary Embolism

2002 ◽  
Vol 88 (09) ◽  
pp. 407-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Murin ◽  
Patrick Romano ◽  
Richard White
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
Relative Risk ◽  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Initial Diagnosis ◽  
Multivariate Models ◽  
Principal Diagnosis ◽  
Hospital Discharge Records ◽  
Natural Histories

SummaryVenous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism are commonly viewed as different manifestations of a single disease process, venous thromboembolism. Recent evidence suggests that there may be important differences between patients who manifest these two conditions. Using linked hospital discharge records we analyzed 71,250 patients hospitalized with a principal diagnosis of venous thrombosis alone or pulmonary embolism and analyzed predictors of rehospitalization within 6 months for venous thrombosis or pulmonary embolism. There were 51233 patients diagnosed with venous thrombosis alone and 21,625 diagnosed with pulmonary embolism. Comparing patients initially diagnosed with venous thrombosis alone to patients with pulmonary embolism, the relative risk of being rehospitalized with venous thrombosis within 6 months for venous thrombosis was 2.7. Conversely, when patients with pulmonary embolism were compared to patients with venous thrombosis alone, the relative risk of rehospitalization within 6 months with a diagnosis of pulmonary embolism was 4.2. In multivariate models the strongest predictor of recurrent thromboembolism manifest as pulmonary embolism was an initial diagnosis of pulmonary embolism and the strongest predictor of recurrence as venous thrombosis was an initial diagnosis of venous thrombosis. We conclude that the initial clinical manifestation of thromboembolism strongly predicts the manifestation of a recurrence. Venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism appear to be distinct, albeit overlapping, clinical entities with different natural histories.Presented at the International Society of Thrombosis and Haemostasis Meeting in Paris, France on July 9, 2001

scholarly journals Early post-transplantation hypophosphatemia is associated with elevated FGF-23 levels

2011 ◽  
Vol 164 (5) ◽  
pp. 839-847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Trombetti ◽  
Laura Richert ◽  
Karine Hadaya ◽  
Jean-Daniel Graf ◽  
François R Herrmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Transplantation ◽  
Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
Phosphate Metabolism ◽  
Multivariate Models ◽  
Intact Pth ◽  
Post Transplantation ◽  
Estimated Gfr ◽  
Renal Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
Renal Tubular ◽  
Fgf 23

BackgroundWe examined the hypothesis that high FGF-23 levels early after transplantation contribute to the onset of hypophosphatemia, independently of parathyroid hormone (PTH) and other factors regulating phosphate metabolism.MethodsWe measured serum phosphate levels (sPi), renal tubular reabsorption of Pi (TmPi/GFR), estimated GFR (eGFR), intact PTH (iPTH), calcitriol, intact (int) and C-terminal (Cter) FGF-23, dietary Pi intake and cumulative doses of glucocorticoids in 69 patients 12 days (95% confidence interval, 10–13) after renal transplantation.ResultsHypophosphatemia was observed in 43 (62%) of the patients 12 days after transplantation. Compared with non-hypophosphatemic subjects, their post-transplantation levels of intact and CterFGF-23 were higher (195 (108–288) vs 48 (40–64) ng/l, P<0.002 for intFGF-23; 205 (116–384) vs 81 (55–124) U/ml, P<0.002, for CterFGF-23). In all subjects, Cter and intFGF-23 correlated inversely with sPi (r=−0.35, P<0.003; −0.35, P<0.003, respectively), and TmPi/GFR (r=−0.50, P<0.001; −0.54, P<0.001, respectively). In multivariate models, sPi and TmPi/GFR were independently associated with FGF-23, iPTH and eGFR. Pre-transplant iPTH levels were significantly higher in patients developing hypophosphatemia after renal transplantation. Pre-transplant levels of FGF-23 were not associated with sPi at the time of transplantation.ConclusionIn addition to PTH, elevated FGF-23 may contribute to hypophosphatemia during the early post-renal transplant period.

scholarly journals Recent Advances in Univariate and Multivariate Models

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Gauss M. Cordeiro ◽  
Artur Lemonte ◽  
Edwin Ortega ◽  
Jose M. Sarabia
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Models ◽  
Recent Advances

Giving help in return: family reciprocity by older Singaporeans

2008 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
LOIS M. VERBRUGGE ◽  
ANGELIQUE CHAN
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
Social Ties ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Multivariate Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Household Chores ◽  
Ability And Willingness

ABSTRACTReciprocity is a powerful principle in social ties. The ethos of family reciprocity is especially strong in Asian societies. We study contemporaneous family exchanges, hypothesising that the more current help older Singaporeans receive from family, the more they give in return. Cross-sectional analyses were undertaken of data from two national Singapore surveys conducted in 1995 and 1999. The help received by older people is measured by income and cash support, payment of household expenses by others, having a companion for away-from-home activities, and having a principal carer. The help given by older people is measured by baby-sitting, doing household chores, giving financial help to children, and advising on family matters. Multivariate models are used to examine the factors that affect an older person's ability and willingness to give help. The results show that the more financial support Singapore seniors received from kin, the more baby-sitting and chores they provided. In their swiftly modernising society, Singapore seniors are maintaining family reciprocity by giving time in return for money. We discuss how during the coming decades, reciprocity in Southeast and East Asian societies may shift from instrumental to more affective behaviours.

scholarly journals Resolution and quantification challenge of modern chemometric models in the determination of anti-migraine tablets containing ergotamine, caffeine, acetaminophen, and metoclopramide

RSC Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (34) ◽  
pp. 20936-20946 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud M. Elkhoudary ◽  
Randa A. Abdel Salam ◽  
Ghada M. Hadad
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Multivariate Models

Unique mixture of ergotamine (ERG), metoclopramide (MET), caffeine (CAF) and the study presents a comparison between five multivariate models in the determination of the paracetamol (PAR) in laboratory mixtures and in pharmaceutical formulations.

Anthrax Exposure, Belief in Exposure, and Postanthrax Symptoms Among Survivors of a Bioterrorist Attack on Capitol Hill

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (03) ◽  
pp. 555-560
Author(s):  
Stephanie Chiao ◽  
Howard Kipen ◽  
William K. Hallman ◽  
David E. Pollio ◽  
Carol S. North
Keyword(s):  
Medically Unexplained Symptoms ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Care Utilization ◽  
Physical Injury ◽  
Multivariate Models ◽  
Diagnostic Interviews ◽  
Capitol Hill ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Medically Unexplained ◽  
Unexplained Symptoms

ABSTRACTBackgroundFollowing chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear disasters, medically unexplained symptoms have been observed among unexposed persons.ObjectivesThis study examined belief in exposure in relation to postdisaster symptoms in a volunteer sample of 137 congressional workers after the 2001 anthrax attacks on Capitol Hill.MethodsPostdisaster symptoms, belief in exposure, and actual exposure status were obtained through structured diagnostic interviews and self-reported presence in offices officially designated as exposed through environmental sampling. Multivariate models were tested for associations of number of postdisaster symptoms with exposure and belief in exposure, controlling for sex and use of antibiotics.ResultsThe sample was divided into 3 main subgroups: exposed, 41%; unexposed but believed they were exposed, 17%; and unexposed and did not believe that they were exposed, 42%. Nearly two-thirds (64%) of the volunteers reported experiencing symptoms after the anthrax attacks. Belief in anthrax exposure was significantly associated with the number of ear/nose/throat, musculoskeletal, and all physical symptoms. No significant associations were found between anthrax exposure and the number of postdisaster symptoms.ConclusionsGiven the high incidence of these symptoms, these data suggest that even in the absence of physical injury or illness, there may be surges in health care utilization. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness.2019;13:555-560)

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