scholarly journals Adenophora liliifolia: Condition of its Populations in Central Europe

2016 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romana Prausová ◽  
Lucie Marečková ◽  
Adam Kapler ◽  
L’uboš Majeský ◽  
Tünde Farkas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Site Conditions ◽  
Neighbor Joining ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Similar Genetic Background ◽  
European Periphery ◽  
Two Populations ◽  
Amova Analysis

Abstract This study deals with populations of the European-South-Siberian geoelement Adenophora liliifolia (L.) A. DC. in the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Romania, and Poland, where this species has its European periphery distribution. We studied the population size, genetic variability, site conditions, and vegetation units in which A. liliifolia grows. Recent and historical localities of A. liliifolia were ranked into six vegetation units of both forest and non-forest character. A phytosociological survey showed differences in the species composition among localities. Only a weak pattern of population structure was observed (only 22% of total genetic variation present at the interpopulation level, AMOVA analysis), with moderate values for gene diversity (Hj = 0.141) and polymorphism (P = 27.6%). Neighbor-joining and Bayesian clusterings suggest a similar genetic background for most of the populations from Slovakia, the Czech Republic, and Poland, contrary to the populations from Hungary, Romania, as well as two populations from Central and South Slovakia. This might be explained by a relatively recent fragmentation of the A. liliifolia populations in Central Europe. Nevertheless, it seems that several populations in Romania, South Hungary, and Slovakia were isolated for a longer period of time and their genetic differentiation is more evident.

scholarly journals Sporophyte records of the moss Dicranum tauricum Sapjegin in the Czech Republic

2016 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zuzana Skoupá ◽  
Jan Kučera ◽  
Lucie Fialová ◽  
Vítězslav Plášek
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
First Time ◽  
Two Populations

Abstract Sporophytes were for the first time recorded in three populations of Dicranum tauricum in the Czech Republic. Until now, such records were extremely scarce in Central Europe. Two populations observed concurrently at nearby localities were found in markedly different phenophases, whereas two populations observed at different localities in spring and autumn seemed to develop synchronously. The sporophytes are illustrated with conventional and SEM photography.

Transitional Justice and Changing Memories of the Past in Central Europe

2013 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-44
Author(s):  
Roman David
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Transitional Justice ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Divided Societies ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Impact

Memories of wrongdoings are often viewed as an obstacle to reconciliation in divided societies. Is it due to the past or the present politics of the past? To examine the dilemma of essentialism versus presentism, this article investigates the impact of transitional justice on memories of wrongdoing. It theorizes that using different transitional justice strategies to deal with the same wrongdoing shapes memories in different ways. The theory is tested via vignette-based surveys in the Czech Republic, Hungary and Poland, which adopted distinct lustration laws. The results show that wrongdoing is viewed through lustration laws, reflecting present power constellations, not history.

scholarly journals The impact of the air temperature on measuring the zenith angle during the year in the ground layer of the atmosphere for the needs of engineering surveying

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 476-488
Author(s):  
Tomáš Suk ◽  
Martin Štroner
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Numerical Model ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Zenith Angle ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Temperature Gradients ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
The Impact

This paper presents the results of over a year-long experiment dealing with a temperature measurement to calculate the theoretical effect of the atmosphere on the measured zenith angle in engineering surveying. The measurements were performed to determine the accurate and specific temperatures (temperature gradients), which can be recorded in different seasons in the low level of the atmosphere (up to 2 m above the ground, where most Engineering Surveying measurements take place) for the geographical area of Central Europe - specifically the Czech Republic. A numerical model was then applied to the resulting determined temperature gradients to calculate the path of the beam passing through an inhomogeneous atmosphere. From these values, the apparent vertical shifts caused by refraction in a given environment and time were finally determined.

scholarly journals A new specimen of Araucaria fricii from the early Coniacian of the Bohemian Massif, Central Europe

2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 282-286
Author(s):  
Jiří Kvaček
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Bohemian Massif ◽  
Type Material ◽  
Massif Central ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
First Occurrence ◽  
Bohemian Cretaceous Basin ◽  
Cone Scale

A specimen of Araucaria fricii is described from the upper part of the Teplice Formation in the Bohemian Cretaceous Basin. It extends the first occurrence of A. fricii from the mid-Coniacian back to the early Coniacian. Found in the Radovesice locality near Kučlín in the northern part of the Czech Republic, it is characterised by a deltoid cone scale complex with a centrally placed seed. It is compared to the type material of A. fricii from the mid-Coniacian Březno Formation and other European Cretaceous species of Araucaria. The taphonomy and palaeoecology of A. fricii is briefly discussed.

scholarly journals Predicted climate change will increase the truffle cultivation potential in central Europe

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomáš Čejka ◽  
Miroslav Trnka ◽  
Paul J. Krusic ◽  
Ulrich Stobbe ◽  
Daniel Oliach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Truffle Cultivation ◽  
Ecological Requirements ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Future Warming

AbstractClimate change affects the distribution of many species, including Burgundy and Périgord truffles in central and southern Europe, respectively. The cultivation potential of these high-prized cash crops under future warming, however, remains highly uncertain. Here we perform a literature review to define the ecological requirements for the growth of both truffle species. This information is used to develop niche models, and to estimate their cultivation potential in the Czech Republic under current (2020) and future (2050) climate conditions. The Burgundy truffle is already highly suitable for cultivation on ~ 14% of agricultural land in the Czech Republic (8486 km2), whereas only ~ 8% of the warmest part of southern Moravia are currently characterised by a low suitability for Périgord truffles (6418 km2). Though rising temperatures under RCP8.5 will reduce the highly suitable cultivation areas by 7%, the 250 km2 (3%) expansion under low-emission scenarios will stimulate Burgundy truffles to benefit from future warming. Doubling the moderate and expanding the highly suitable land by 352 km2 in 2050, the overall cultivation potential for Périgord truffles will rise substantially. Our findings suggest that Burgundy and Périgord truffles could become important high-value crops for many regions in central Europe with alkaline soils. Although associated with uncertainty, long-term investments in truffle cultivation could generate a wide range of ecological and economic benefits.

Calcium and strontium isotope dynamics in three polluted forest ecosystems of the Czech Republic, Central Europe

2020 ◽  
Vol 536 ◽  
pp. 119472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Novak ◽  
Chris Holmden ◽  
Juraj Farkaš ◽  
Pavel Kram ◽  
Jakub Hruska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Strontium Isotope ◽  
The Czech Republic

scholarly journals Results of Czech ash provenance experiment

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 263-274
Author(s):  
Buriánek Václav ◽  
Novotný Petr ◽  
Dostál Jaroslav
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Stand Age ◽  
Diameter Growth ◽  
Site Conditions ◽  
Provenance Trial ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Forest Regions

This study is focused on testing progenies of common and narrow-leaved ash based on the measurement of provenance trial plots established in various forest regions under different site conditions within the Czech Republic in the spring of 1999. Height and diameter growth of 35 provenances was measured and evaluated at the stand age of 10–14 years. The main goal of this research is to analyse and compare differences in growth between progenies originating from alluvial versus scree habitats as well as between the two evaluated ash species. Moreover, the influence of localities on growth was tested using standard provenances planted on all plots. The results of the last measurement were compared with those from the first survey in 2000 at the age of 4–5 years (1 year after planting). With the exception of DBH on the Koněprusy plot, statistically significant differences in height and diameter growth between provenances were verified. The results confirmed a very strong site influence on growth. The main conclusions indicate significant differences in growth parameters between provenances, faster growth of alluvial versus scree provenances on most lowland plots, and generally faster growth of narrow-leaved ash as compared to common ash.

scholarly journals Relation of genetic phylogeny and geographical distance of tick-borne encephalitis virus in central Europe

2011 ◽  
Vol 92 (8) ◽  
pp. 1906-1916 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Weidmann ◽  
D. Růžek ◽  
K. Křivanec ◽  
G. Zöller ◽  
S. Essbauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Natural Focus ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽  
Disease Pattern ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis Virus ◽  
First Time

Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) is the most important arboviral agent causing disease of the central nervous system in central Europe. In this study, 61 TBEV E gene sequences derived from 48 isolates from the Czech Republic, and four isolates and nine TBEV strains detected in ticks from Germany, covering more than half a century from 1954 to 2009, were sequenced and subjected to phylogenetic and Bayesian phylodynamic analysis to determine the phylogeography of TBEV in central Europe. The general Eurasian continental east-to-west pattern of the spread of TBEV was confirmed at the regional level but is interlaced with spreading that arises because of local geography and anthropogenic influence. This spread is reflected by the disease pattern in the Czech Republic that has been observed since 1991. The overall evolutionary rate was estimated to be approximately 8×10−4 substitutions per nucleotide per year. The analysis of the TBEV E genes of 11 strains isolated at one natural focus in Žďár Kaplice proved for the first time that TBEV is indeed subject to local evolution.

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