scholarly journals 24-Hour Microclimate Conditions in Livestock Building

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 41-49
Author(s):  
Tadeusz Głuski ◽  
Magdalena Patro ◽  
Andrzej Marczuk ◽  
Wojciech Misztal ◽  
Katarzyna Szwedziak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Balance ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Heat Losses ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Sensible Heat ◽  
Air Velocity ◽  
Weather Factors ◽  
Measuring Devices ◽  
Microclimate Conditions ◽  
Livestock Building

AbstractThe size of all sensible heat balance components in livestock building varies in time, because it depends on time-varying weather factors. On the example of two buildings, sensible heat balance was shown on a daily basis. Measurements carried out in winter and spring in two livestock buildings with usable attics included measurements of air temperature and humidity inside and outside, air velocity in ventilation channels, and wind speed. Measuring devices were designed to record the results of measurements at intervals of 300s. During each such time interval, sensible heat losses by ventilation, heat losses by permeation through the barrier construction, and the amount of sensible heat produced by the animals were calculated. The results of measurements were shown in graphs. The study is important for the development of animal livestock building.

Influence of sowing dates on the incidence of powdery mildew of chilli

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
SUDHEENDRA A. ASHTAPUTRE
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Inoculum Potential ◽  
Weather Factors ◽  
Agricultural Research Station ◽  
Sowing Dates

A field experiment was conducted during kharif, 2005 at Agricultural Research station, Devihosur, Haveri, Karnataka to assess the progress of powdery mildew at different time interval of sowing dates. Totally 20 different dates of sowings were imposed in the experiment at an interval of 10 days. The crop sown on last week of May to mid of June recorded minimum disease severity compared to rest of the date of sowings. This clearly indicated that crop sown during this period suffers less, which may be due to low inoculum potential, whereas late sown crop suffers more because of the readily available inoculum in the early sown crops. Low disease severity in last week of May to mid of June sowing may be attributed to the non-congenial weather factors for the development of the disease.

Advances in Heat-Pulse Methods: Measuring Soil Water Evaporation with Sensible Heat Balance

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 0 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.L. Heitman ◽  
X. Zhang ◽  
X. Xiao ◽  
T. Ren ◽  
R. Horton
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Heat Balance ◽  
Heat Pulse ◽  
Water Evaporation ◽  
Sensible Heat

scholarly journals Ablation and Heat Balance of the Yukikabe Snow Patch in the Daisetsu Mountains, Hokkaido, Japan

1984 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 122-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Sato ◽  
S. Takahashi ◽  
R. Naruse ◽  
G. Wakahama
Keyword(s):  
Latent Heat ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Heat Balance ◽  
Meteorological Parameters ◽  
Heat Sources ◽  
Sensible Heat ◽  
Net Radiation ◽  
Ice Caps ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
The Heat Balance

A good correlation was found between the ablation of snow and degree day index (cumulative values of positive daily mean air temperature) during the summer of 1978 on the Yukikabe snow patch in the Daisetsu mountains, central Hokkaido. The volume change of the snow patch in the ablation season of any year can hence be estimated from air temperature using this relationship. Each of the heat-balance terms controlling the ablation is evaluated separately by using empirical equations and assumed values for meteorological parameters at the snow patch. Triangular diagrams are constructed in order to illustrate the relative contributions of sensible heat, latent heat, and net radiation, the main three heat sources. A higher contribution from sensible and latent heat is found for the snow patches of Japan than for many glaciers and ice caps elsewhere. This may be due to higher mid-summer air temperatures than in other glaciated parts of the world.

scholarly journals FerryBox data in the North Sea from 2002 to 2005

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 1729-1734 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilhelm Petersen ◽  
Susanne Reinke ◽  
Gisbert Breitbach ◽  
Michail Petschatnikov ◽  
Henning Wehde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Daily Basis ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Arctic Seas ◽  
Data Set ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Data Portal ◽  
Data Gap ◽  
Biogeochemical Parameters

Abstract. From 2002 to 2005 a FerryBox system was installed aboard two different ferries travelling between Cuxhaven (Germany) and Harwich (UK) on a daily basis. The FerryBox system is an automated flow-through monitoring system for measuring oceanographic and biogeochemical parameters installed on ships of opportunity. The variables were recorded in a time interval of 10–20 s, corresponding to a spatial resolution of about 100 m. The data set provides the parameters water temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen and chlorophyll a fluorescence. There is a longer data gap between November 2002 and August 2003 in the time series due to a change of the vessel in October 2002. The data are available at https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.883824 (Petersen et al., 2017) and as part of the COSYNA (Coastal Observing System for Northern and Arctic Seas) data portal CODM at http://codm.hzg.de/codm (last access: September 2018) or https://doi.org/10.17616/R3K02T (Breitbach, 2018).

scholarly journals A Heat-Balance Study on Sørbreen, Jan Mayen

1965 ◽  
Vol 5 (42) ◽  
pp. 793-803
Author(s):  
P. C. Dibben
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Heat Balance ◽  
Summer Rainfall ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Meteorological Station ◽  
Sensible Heat ◽  
Balance Study ◽  
Statistical Comparison ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Frontal Activity

AbstractThe techniques and results of a heat-balance programme on Sørbreen, Jan Mayen, are presented and discussed. Estimates of 24 hr. heat-transfer totals under frontal and non-frontal weather conditions are then made. Transfer is found to be higher during frontal conditions, due to an increase in latent and to a lesser extent sensible heat transfer. Consideration of upper air temperatures and humidities suggests this higher transfer is experienced by the glacier as a whole. It is then proposed that summer rainfall totals will provide an index of frontal activity which may be used to indicate relative ablation from one summer to another. A statistical comparison of ablation measured on the glacier and rainfall recorded at the Jan Mayen meteorological station supports this suggestion.

scholarly journals Energy-saving irrigation management

2018 ◽  
Vol 245 ◽  
pp. 06014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey Andreev ◽  
Vladimir Zaginaylov ◽  
Andris Matveev
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Strong Dependence ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Weather Factors ◽  
Measuring Devices ◽  
Management Method

A significant part of the water resources used in agricultural production comes for irrigation. Due to the strong dependence of soil moisture on weather factors, the irrigation process must be carefully managed. To date, irrigation management is mainly carried out either as a function of soil moisture or according to a predetermined program. The article shows that both methods of management are imperfect since they can lead to a violation of agrotechnical requirements and waste of water. In order to improve the quality of irrigation and eliminate overspending of water resources, it was proposed to manage the water in a combined way. In this case, the formation of the control action occurs according to the results of the comparison of the controlled variable and disturbing influences with the reference values. The controlled value is the soil moisture, and as disturbing influences are considered the temperature and humidity of the air, atmospheric pressure, wind speed, precipitation. In addition, the proposed irrigation management method takes into account the forecast of the synoptic services on precipitation, their intensity and duration. To obtain information on the controlled value, as well as on disturbing influences, appropriate measuring devices are used, and information on the prediction of precipitation is delivered from a specialized server via the Internet. Before starting to use the control method, the agrotechnical requirements, the type, age and vegetation period of the plants are determined and set. The inclusion of irrigation equipment is carried out in accordance with the program and shut down - depending on the magnitude of the control signal.

Heat and Moisture Transport Through the Micro-Climate Air Annulus of the Clothing-Skin System Under Periodic Motion

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Ghaddar ◽  
K. Ghali ◽  
E. Jaroudi
Keyword(s):  
Heat Loss ◽  
Latent Heat ◽  
Moisture Transport ◽  
Contact Region ◽  
Heat Losses ◽  
Sensible Heat ◽  
Skin Contact ◽  
Cylinder Model ◽  
Heat And Moisture Transport ◽  
Heat And Moisture

A dynamic thermal model is developed using the 2D cylinder model of Ghaddar et al [1] of ventilated fabric-skin system where a microclimate air annulus separates an outer cylindrical fabric boundary and an inner human body solid boundary for closed and open apertures. The cylinder model solves for the radial, and angular flow rates in the microclimate air annulus domain where the inner cylinder is oscillating within an outer fixed cylinder of porous fabric boundary. The 2-D cylinder model is further developed in the radial and angular directions to incorporate the heat and moisture transport from the inner cylinder when the fabric touches the skin boundary at repetitive finite intervals during the motion cycle. The touch model is based on a lumped fabric transient approach based on the fabric dry and evaporative resistances at the localized touch regions at the top and bottom of points of the cylinder. The film coefficients at the inner cylinder are needed for the model simulation. Experiments are conducted in an environmental chamber under controlled conditions to measure the mass transfer coefficient at the skin to the air annulus separating the wet skin and the fabric in the cylindrical geometry. In addition, experiments have also been conducted at ventilation frequencies of 30, 40, and 60 rpm to measure the sensible heat loss from the inner cylinder to validate the predictions of sensible and latent heat losses of the 2-D ventilation model for the two cases when fabric is in contact with the skin surface and when no contact is present for close aperture. The model prediction of time-averaged steady-periodic sensible heat loss agreed well with the experimentally measured values. A parametric study is performed to predict sensible and latent heat losses from the system by ventilation at different frequencies, fabric skin contact times during the motion cycle measured by a dimensionless amplitude parameter (ζ = amplitude/mean annular spacing). The rate of heat loss increases with increased ventilation frequency at fixed ζ. The latent heat loss in the contact region increases by almost 40% due to increase in fabric temperature during contact. The sensible heat loss decreases between 3% at f = 60 rpm, and 5% at f = 25 rpm in the contact region due to higher air temperature and lack of heat loss by radiation during the contact between fabric and skin.

scholarly journals Design and development of a novel acoustic rain sensor with automated telemetry

2018 ◽  
Vol 201 ◽  
pp. 03003
Author(s):  
Maria Leonora Guico ◽  
Gemalyn Abrajano ◽  
Prince Aldrin Domer ◽  
Jose Paulo Talusan
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Data Retrieval ◽  
Mobile Internet ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Recorded Sound ◽  
Measuring Devices ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Initial Results

This paper presents the recent results of the design of a novel acoustic rainfall sensing system that is low-cost, portable, and easily deployable, which makes use of the recorded sound produced by the impact of the raindrops on the sensor surface. The sensor design allows the gathering of acoustic signal power and sending it to a server after a specified time interval, either through SMS or mobile internet connection. It exists in a weather-proof, standard-conformant, standalone system with its own power supply and telemetric capabilities. These acoustic point sensors can gather rainfall data at high spatial and temporal resolutions. Such deployments can show the variations of rainfall intensities in sub-kilometer areas, particularly in the tropical regions. Since it is low-cost, it can also improve the density of rainfall measuring devices in an area. Moreover, the reliability is improved by providing near-real time data, as opposed to tipping buckets with manual data retrieval. The prototype sensor system was placed next to standard rain measuring devices and observed during the rainy season. The paper will discuss the design and deployment of the system, as well as initial results of data analysis and comparison with standard rain measuring devices.

On a Relationship Between Evaporation and Evapotranspiration

1953 ◽  
Vol 34 (10) ◽  
pp. 454-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Neumann
Keyword(s):  
Heat Balance ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Close Agreement ◽  
Friction Velocity ◽  
Geostrophic Wind ◽  
Turbulence Theory ◽  
Sensible Heat ◽  
Ample Supply ◽  
Land Surfaces ◽  
Annual Amount

Heat balance considerations indicate that the annual amount of evaporation from an extensive water surface is greater by some 33 percent than evapotranspiration from an extensive vegetation-covered land surface having an ample supply of water. The assumption is that the same amount of insolation reaches both surfaces. Turbulence theory is used to show that the above estimate leads to values of the friction velocity (or shearing stress) which are in close agreement with independent results for vegetation-covered land surfaces, indicating the correctness or approximate correctness of the above estimate. The assumption of the demonstration is that the geostrophic wind is the same over both surfaces. It is estimated that the annual amount of sensible heat transferred from the vegetation-covered land surface is some 5 to 10 percent of the insolation reaching that surface.

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