Phyllodistomum spinopapillatum sp. nov. (Digenea: Gorgoderidae), from the Oaxaca killifish Profundulus balsanus (Osteichthyes: Profundulidae) in Mexico, with new host and locality records of P. inecoli: Morphology, ultrastructure and molecular evidence

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerardo Pérez-Ponce de León ◽  
Carlos D. Pinacho-Pinacho ◽  
Berenit Mendoza-Garfias ◽  
Martin García-Varela
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
The Body ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Entire Body ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
New Host ◽  
Poecilia Sphenops

AbstractPhyllodistomum spinopapillatum sp. nov. is described from the urinary bladder of the Oaxaca killifish, Profundulus balsanus Ahl (Profundulidae) in Rio Pueblo Viejo and Rio Santa Cruz, Oaxaca, southwestern Mexico. The new species is described based on evidence gathered from morphology, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and partial sequences of the 28S rRNA gene. Diagnostic characters of the new species of Phyllodistomum Braun 1899 are the presence of spines on the entire body surface and having a ventral sucker almost half the size of oral sucker. The new species possess a large number of dome-like papillae on the body surface with scattered distribution along the hindbody, and these papillae are characteristically spinulated. Phyllodistomum spinopapillatum sp. nov. most closely resembles P. inecoli Razo-Mendivil, Perez-Ponce de Leon and Rubio- Godoy, 2013, a parasite of the twospot livebearer Pseudoxiphophorus bimaculatus (Heckel) from Veracruz, in the Atlantic slope of Mexico. In addition to the new species, specimens of P. inecoli were also found parasitising the urinary bladder of cyprinodontiforms such as the Mexican molly Poecilia sphenops Valencienes in a pond at Santa Maria Coyotepec, and in Profundulus sp. in Rio Templo, both in Oaxaca, and in the Porthole livebearer Poeciliopsis gracilis (Heckel) in Rio San Juan, as well as in Profundulus punctatus (Gunter) from Rio Nueva Francia, both in Chiapas. The distribution and host range of P. inecoli is extended to freshwaters of the Pacific slope of Mexico, and to other cyprynodontiforms.

A new species of deropristid trematode from the sterlet Acipenser ruthenus (Actinopterygii: Acipenseridae) and revision of superfamily affiliation of the family Deropristidae

2020 ◽  
Vol 190 (2) ◽  
pp. 448-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey Sokolov ◽  
Ekaterina Voropaeva ◽  
Dmitry Atopkin
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Dorsal Side ◽  
The Body ◽  
Phylogenetic Study ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Acipenser Ruthenus ◽  
The Family ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Sterlet Acipenser Ruthenus

Abstract A new species, Skrjabinopsolus nudidorsalis sp. nov. is described from the sterlet Acipenser ruthenus, caught in the River Volga basin (Russia). This species differs from previously described congeners by the absence of vitelline follicles on the dorsal side of the body. The complete 18S rRNA and partial 28S rRNA gene sequences obtained for S. nudidorsalis are the first molecular data for the family Deropristidae. The results of phylogenetic analysis indicate that Deropristidae is sister to the Monorchiidae + Lissorchiidae group. The results of the phylogenetic study contradict the current taxonomic hypothesis that Deropristidae belongs to the superfamily Lepocreadioidea and allow inclusion of this family in Monorchioidea. The morphological similarity of deropristids to other monorchioids is recognizable from the presence of a bipartite internal seminal vesicle, spinous cirrus and a voluminous, armed metraterm.

scholarly journals Molecular and morphological characterisation of Longidorus polyae sp. n. and L. pisi Edward, Misra & Singh, 1964 (Dorylaimida, Longidoridae) from Bulgaria

ZooKeys ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 830 ◽  
pp. 75-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stela S. Lazarova ◽  
Milka Elshishka ◽  
Georgi Radoslavov ◽  
Lydmila Lozanova ◽  
Peter Hristov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
The Body ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Stage Juvenile

Longidoruspolyaesp. n., a bisexual nematode species found in the rhizosphere of pear tree (Pyruscommunis L.), is described and characterised using an integrative approach. The new species has a female body length of 6.8–9.1 mm; a comparatively long odontostyle (114.0–127.5 μm); a narrow lip region (14.0–15.5 μm), anteriorly flattened and almost continuous with the body profile; pocket-like amphidial pouches long, deeply bilobed, and slightly asymmetrical, a guide ring at 37–42 μm from the anterior end; normal arrangement of pharyngeal glands; and a short bluntly rounded to hemispherical tail. Four juvenile stages identified: the first stage with a digitate tail, and the second and subsequent stages with a bluntly rounded tail. Males have one adcloacal pair and a row of 10 or 11 single ventromedian supplements; spicules 71.0–74.5 μm long. Based on morphometric data, the new species belongs to a group of species spread over Europe (L.arthensis, L.silvae, L.uroshis,), Iran (L.kheirii), and Syria (L.pauli), which share common characters such as amphidial fovea, lip region and tail shapes, similar odontostyle and body length, and similar first-stage juvenile tail shape. Codes for identifying the new species are A5, B2, C34, D3, E3, F45, G12, H1, I2, J1, K7. The phylogenetic analysis based on D2-D3 expansion domains of the rRNA gene revealed that the new species has the closest relationships with L.athesinus from Italy and three unidentified Longidorus spp. from USA (Longidorus sp. 1, Longidorus sp. 2, and Longidorus sp. 6). New morphometric and molecular data (18S rRNA gene, ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 regions and D2-D3 28S rRNA gene sequences) for three populations of L.pisi from Bulgaria were obtained and variations between populations are discussed.

Descriptions of Trichodorus lownsberyi sp. n., Nanidorus minor (Colbran, 1956) Siddiqi, 1974 (Nematoda: Trichodoridae) and Longidorus quercus sp. n. (Nematoda: Longidoridae) from Mexico

Nematology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Ignacio Cid del Prado Vera ◽  
Sergei A. Subbotin ◽  
Wilfrida Decraemer
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
The Body ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
28S Rrna Gene ◽  
Buxus Sempervirens ◽  
Stubby Root Nematode

Summary A new species of stubby root nematode, Trichodorus lownsberyi sp. n., collected from soil around Buxus sempervirens at Montecillo Campus, Colegio de Postgraduados, Mexico, is described and illustrated. Trichodorus lownsberyi sp. n. is characterised by the abundant males with a characteristic spicule shape, the narrower part about mid-blade having visible bristles in most specimens, and the presence and position of the three ventromedian cervical papillae, which are all anterior to the secretory-excretory pore. Females possess a rhomboid-shaped vagina and oval to rounded triangular vaginal sclerotised pieces with a pore-like vulva. The phylogenetic relationships of T. lownsberyi sp. n. with related species were constructed using the ITS2 rRNA and the D2-D3 expansion segments of 28S rRNA gene sequences. Trichodorus lownsberyi sp. n. was a sister species to T. viruliferus in the phylogenetic trees. A Mexican population of Nanidorus minor from a peach orchard is also described and illustrated. The new needle nematode, Longidorus quercus sp. n., was recovered from soil around roots of oak, Quercus crassipes, from Cerro Jusda ‘El Diablo’ in Mexico State. Longidorus quercus sp. n. females are characterised by the C-shaped posterior end of the body after fixation, L = 4.9 (3.9-5.6) mm, a = 71 (60.8-93.2), lip region rounded, sometimes slightly flattened, marked by depression, odontostylet 170 (144-206) μm long, hemispherical to bluntly conoid tail and no males. The new species was characterised using the D2-D3 of 28S rRNA and COI gene sequences. The phylogenetic relationships of L. quercus sp. n. with other Longidorus species were reconstructed using the D2-D3 of 28S rRNA gene sequences.

Description of a new species of Auriculostoma (Digenea: Allocreadiidae) from Characidium heirmostigmata (Characiformes: Crenuchidae) from Argentina, using morphological and molecular data

2021 ◽  
Vol 95 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.M. Montes ◽  
J. Barneche ◽  
Y. Croci ◽  
D. Balcazar ◽  
A. Almirón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
The Family ◽  
Parasitological Survey ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
A New Species

Abstract During a parasitological survey of fishes at Iguazu National Park, Argentina, specimens belonging to the allocreadiid genus Auriculostoma were collected from the intestine of Characidium heirmostigmata. The erection of the new species is based on a unique combination of morphological traits as well as on phylogenetic analysis. Auriculostoma guacurarii n. sp. resembles four congeneric species – Auriculostoma diagonale, Auriculostoma platense, Auriculostoma tica and Auriculostoma totonacapanensis – in having smooth and oblique testes, but can be distinguished by a combination of several morphological features, hosts association and geographic distribution. Morphologically, the new species can be distinguished from both A. diagonale and A. platense by the egg size (bigger in the first and smaller in the last); from A. tica by a shorter body length, the genital pore position and the extension of the caeca; and from A. totonacapanensis by the size of the oral and ventral sucker and the post-testicular space. Additionally, one specimen of Auriculostoma cf. stenopteri from the characid Charax stenopterus (Characiformes) from La Plata River, Argentina, was sampled and the partial 28S rRNA gene was sequenced. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that A. guacurarii n. sp. clustered with A. tica and these two as sister taxa to A. cf. stenopteri. The new species described herein is the tenth species in the genus and the first one parasitizing a member of the family Crenuchidae.

Surface ultrastructure of juvenile and adult stages of Centrocestus armatus

1998 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ho-Choon Woo ◽  
Myung-Deuk Seo ◽  
Sung-Jong Hong
Keyword(s):  
Oral Sucker ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Dorsal Surface ◽  
High Density ◽  
The Body ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Entire Body ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Posterior Half ◽  
Surface Ultrastructure

AbstractCentrocestus armatus (Trematoda: Heterophyidae) develops rapidly and produces eggs at 3 days postinfection in albino rats. Excysted metacercariae are pear-shaped and concave ventrally, with 42–44 peg-like circumoral spines. The entire body surface is densely covered with scale-like serrated spines. On juveniles, serration of the tegumental spines is greatest in the middle of the ventral and dorsal surfaces, and decreases anteriorly and posteriorly. Ciliated sensory papillae are concentrated around the oral sucker. Several nonciliated sensory papillae (type II papillae) occur equidistantly on the acetabulum and are arranged in a linear symmetry on the dorsal surface. On adults, the serration of the tegumental spines decreases to 14–17 tips on the ventrolateral surface. The high density of tegumental spines on posterior half of the body and the distribution of type II papillae on dorsal surface are considered to be characteristic of C. armatus.

Steinernema borjomiense n. sp. (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae), a new entomopathogenic nematode from Georgia

Nematology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 653-669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleg Gorgadze ◽  
Elena Fanelli ◽  
Manana Lortkhipanidze ◽  
Alberto Troccoli ◽  
Medea Burjanadze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
18S Rrna ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematode ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
The Body ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
A New Species

Summary A new species of entomopathogenic nematode, Steinernema borjomiense n. sp., was isolated from the body of the host insect, Oryctes nasicornis (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), in Georgia, in the territory of Borjomi-Kharagauli. Morphological characters indicate that the new species is closely related to species of the feltiae-group. The infective juveniles are characterised by the following morphological characters: body length of 879 (777-989) μm, distance between the head and excretory pore = 72 (62-80) μm, pharynx length = 132 (122-142) μm, tail length = 70 (60-80) μm, ratio a = 26.3 (23.0-29.3), H% = 45 (40-51), D% = 54 (47-59), E% = 102 (95-115), and lateral fields consisting of seven ridges (eight incisures) at mid-body. Steinernema borjomiense n. sp. was molecularly characterised by sequencing three ribosomal regions (the ITS, the D2-D3 expansion domains and the 18S rRNA gene) and the mitochondrial COI gene. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that S. borjomiense n. sp. differs from all other known species of Steinernema and is a member of the monticolum-group.

scholarly journals First Report of Ditylenchus dipsaci on Garlic in Minnesota

Plant Disease ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 96 (11) ◽  
pp. 1707-1707 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. S. Mollov ◽  
S. A. Subbotin ◽  
Carl Rosen
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
Surrounding Water ◽  
Pharyngeal Bulb ◽  
First Report ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Ditylenchus Dipsaci

In the summer of 2011, two independent garlic samples from Morrison and Dakota counties and in 2012 one garlic sample from Carver county in Minnesota were submitted by commercial growers to the University of Minnesota Plant Disease Clinic for disease analyses. Symptoms of the above-ground plant parts were stunting and chlorosis. Symptoms of bulbs were necrosis, underdevelopment, and distortion. Upon microscopic examination, phytonematodes exuded into the surrounding water droplet. Nematodes were present in the protective leaves, abscission zone, and cloves in all submitted bulbs (n = 18) for analyses. Morphometric examination of females, males, and juveniles determined that they were Ditylenchus dipsaci. Nematodes extracted from garlic cloves were fixed in TAF (97 ml formalin [40%], 2 ml triethanolamine, and 91 ml dH2O). Morphological observations and measurements were made under an Olympus BX51 microscope equipped with a Nomarski differential interference contrast. Female (n = 6) measurements were: L = 1.411 to 1.636 mm, a = 38 to 44, b = 5.8 to 8.0, c = 14 to 17, stylet = 11.5 to 12.3 μm, V = 79 to 81%, and tail = 95 to 105 μm. The body was almost straight, when heat relaxed, lip region flattened, median bulb oval, and isthmus elongate and slender. The basal pharyngeal bulb overlapped the intestine. The post-vulval uterine branch was about half of vulva-anus distance. The tail was conoid with a pointed terminus. Male (n = 9) measurements were: L = 1.372 to 1.558 mm, a = 40 to 50, b = 6.5 to 7.0, c = 14 to 16, stylet = 11.5 to 12.3 μm, spicules = 22 to 27 μm, and gubernaculum = 9 to 10 μm. The bursa was leptoderan and spicules were curved with simple gubernaculum. Morphology and morphometrics of females and males of D. dipsaci from Minnesota generally fit the descriptions provided for the type and other populations by Hopper (1) and other authors. Several specimens were also taken for molecular identification. DNA extraction, PCR, and sequencing protocols were as described by Subbotin et al. (2). The TW81 and AB28 primers were used for amplification of ITS-rRNA region and the D2A and D3B primers were used for amplification of the D2-D3 expansion segments of 28S rRNA gene. Comparison of the ITS and D2-D3 of 28 rRNA gene sequences showed 100 and 99% identity with corresponding gene sequences of D. dipsaci published in the GenBank (2). The sequences were submitted in the GenBank under accession numbers JX123258 and X123259. This nematode problem has not been known to occur in either of these locations previously. The most likely source of introduction of D. dipsaci are imported garlic seed bulbs. To our knowledge, this is the first report of D. dipsaci affecting garlic or any other crops in Minnesota. The garlic produced in these locations was considered unmarketable and complete loss to the farmers. The presence of D. dipsaci could have a significant economic impact in the emerging multi-million dollar garlic industry in Minnesota. References: (1) D. J. Hooper. Ditylenchus dipsaci. CIH Descriptions of Plant-Parasitic Nematodes Set 1, No. 14, 1972. (2) S. A. Subbotin et al. Phytopathology 95:1308, 2005.

Six new species of Heteropriapulus (Monogenea: Dactylogyridae) from South American fishes with an amended diagnosis to the genus

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4290 (3) ◽  
pp. 459 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALINE ANGELINA ACOSTA ◽  
LIDIANE FRANCESCHINI ◽  
ALINE CRISTINA ZAGO ◽  
TOMÁŠ SCHOLZ ◽  
REINALDO JOSÉ DA SILVA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Species Identification ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Accessory Piece ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Fish Host ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
South American ◽  
Unique Shape

Heteropriapulus Kritsky, 2007 (Monogenea: Dactylogyridae), which originally included only two species from the gills of loricariid catfishes, is reviewed and six newly described species from loricariids in the Paraná River basin in Brazil are added. Diagnosis of the genus is amended and a key to the species identification is provided. Heteropriapulus anchoradiatus n. sp. from Pterygoplichthys ambrosettii (Holmberg) (Hypostominae) differs from its congeners by having a long sclerotized vagina, ventral anchors with short shaft and conspicuous superficial root, and a conspicuous and robust postero-medial process on the dorsal bar; H. bitomus n. sp. from the same fish host differs by the presence of two pairs of sclerotized patches associated with the ventral anchors; H. falxus n. sp. from Hypostomus strigaticeps (Regan) (Hypostominae) and Hypostomus ancistroides (Ihering) (Hypostominae) is unique by the shape of the accessory piece composed of two strongly sclerotized subunits; H. microcleithrus n. sp. from P. ambrosettii differs by presenting the smallest length of the dorsal bar and unique shape of the longer subunit of the accessory piece resembling the ‘hammer and sickle’ shape; H. pterygoplichthyi n. sp. from the same host presents unique shape of the longer subunit of the accessory piece of the cirrus, which is represented by ‘two sickles’ jointed by the base; and H. semitortus n. sp. from Rhinelepis aspera Spix & Agassiz (Rhinelepinae) can be distinguished by the accessory piece composed of a single straight unit and a cirrus tube with the highest number of spiral rings at the proximal end (2½). First molecular data for this genus (partial sequences of the 28S rRNA gene) are provided including the type species H. heterotylus (Jogunoori, Kritsky & Venkatanarasaiah, 2004).  

The Reactions of Isolated Parts of Spirostomum

1946 ◽  
Vol 22 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 88-94
Author(s):  
A. M. CLARK
Keyword(s):  
Body Surface ◽  
The Body ◽  
Entire Body ◽  
Spiral Path ◽  
Chemical Stimuli ◽  
Differential Responses ◽  
Thermal Stimuli

1. Spirostomum shows differential responses to localized mechanical and chemical stimuli. 2. The entire body surface is sensitive to mechanical, chemical and thermal stimuli. 3. The spiral path followed during swimming is due to the co-ordinated activity of the body cilia. 4. Immediately after isolation, fragments do not behave like normal animals, but respond with reference to the position they occupied in the whole organism. 5. When morphological regulation is complete, the responses of the fragments are normal. 6. As revealed by the study of the responses of fragments, Spirostomum is not organized like a crystal, but seems to have a definite gradient pattern.

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