Prevalence and molecular characterization of Theileria equi and Babesia caballi in jereed horses in Erzurum, Turkey

Equine piroplasmosis (EP), caused by the hemoparasites Theileria equi, Theileria haneyi, and Babesia caballi, is an important tick-borne disease of equines that is prevalent in most parts of the world. Infection may affect animal welfare and has economic impacts related to limitations in horse transport between endemic and non-endemic regions, reduced performance of sport horses and treatment costs. Here, we analyzed the epidemiological, serological, and molecular diagnostic data published in the last 20 years, and all DNA sequences submitted to GenBank database, to describe the current global prevalence of these parasites. We demonstrate that EP is endemic in most parts of the world, and that it is spreading into more temperate climates. We emphasize the importance of using DNA sequencing and genotyping to monitor the spread of parasites, and point to the necessity of further studies to improve genotypic characterization of newly recognized parasite species and strains, and their linkage to virulence.

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Molecular detection and prevalence of Theileria equi and Babesia caballi in horses of central Balkan

Acta Parasitologica ◽

10.1515/ap-2016-0044 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 61 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Darko Davitkov ◽

Milos Vucicevic ◽

Jevrosima Stevanovic ◽

Vanja Krstic ◽

Dajana Slijepcevic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Molecular Detection ◽

Wide Distribution ◽

Specific Region ◽

Theileria Equi ◽

Species Determination ◽

Babesia Caballi ◽

Equine Piroplasmosis ◽

Pcr Products ◽

Tick Borne Disease ◽

Insight Into

AbstractEquine piroplasmosis is significant tick-borne disease with wide distribution. The prevalence of equine piroplasmosis in Serbia, Montenegro and Bosnia and Herzegovina is unknown. In aim to obtain a first insight into the prevalence we performed molecular epidemiological study which included 142 horses, on seven locations in these three countries. We first performed PCR for the detection of a 450bp long section of the 18S rRNA of piroplasma-specific region. For all positive samples we have done multiplex PCR for the species detection. Species determination was further confirmed by sequencing PCR products of 10 randomly selected

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Detection and molecular characterization of Babesia caballi and Theileria equi isolates from endemic areas of Brazil

Parasitology Research ◽

10.1007/s00436-007-0726-1 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 102 (1) ◽

pp. 63-68 ◽

Cited By ~ 66

Author(s):

Alexandra Heim ◽

Lygia M. F. Passos ◽

Múcio F. B. Ribeiro ◽

Lívio M. Costa-Júnior ◽

Camila V. Bastos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Molecular Characterization ◽

Theileria Equi ◽

Babesia Caballi ◽

Endemic Areas

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Evaluation of trace elements in equine piroplasmosis

Medycyna Weterynaryjna ◽

10.21521/mw.6230 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 75 (02) ◽

pp. 6230-2019

Author(s):

LORA KOENHEMSİ ◽

FATMA ATEŞ ALKAN ◽

GİULİA MORGANTİ ◽

BORA Ü. BARUTÇU ◽

ERMAN M. OR

Keyword(s):

Trace Elements ◽

Economic Loss ◽

Icp Oes ◽

Theileria Equi ◽

Babesia Caballi ◽

Equine Piroplasmosis ◽

Tick Borne Disease ◽

Serum Trace Element ◽

Serum Trace Elements ◽

Significant Economic Loss

Equine piroplasmosis (EP) is a tick-borne disease caused by Babesia caballi and Theileria equi, which causes a significant economic loss. The aim of this study was to determine the disease-related changes of serum trace elements that play an important role in the immune system. Our study was conducted on 20 horses with piroplasmosis and 20 healthy horses. It was performed to evaluate some of the serum trace element levels (chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), magnesium (Mg) manganese (Mn), selenium (Se), zinc (Zn), arsenic (As), boron (B), and nickel (Ni)) in equine piroplasmosis. The elements were analyzed in serum using ICP-OES. Infected horses had significantly higher serum Mg and Mn levels. In conclusion, changes of serum trace elements in infected horses can provide valuable information about pathophysiological aspects and they are also good indicators for diagnosis, prognosis and treatment evaluation. Much more scientific research is required to evaluate the trace elements related to equine piroplasmosis.

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Genetic Characterization of Piroplasms in Donkeys and Horses from Nigeria

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani10020324 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 324 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Idoko Sunday Idoko ◽

Sharon Tirosh-Levy ◽

Monica Leszkowicz Mazuz ◽

Babagana Mohammed Adam ◽

Bello Sikiti Garba ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variation ◽

West Africa ◽

Antibody Test ◽

Theileria Equi ◽

Babesia Caballi ◽

Study Results ◽

Tick Borne Disease ◽

Polymerase Chain ◽

Dual Infections

Equine piroplasmosis (EP) is a tick-borne disease of equids, caused by the two haemoprotozoal parasites: Theileria equi and Babesia caballi. Nigeria constitutes a major crossroads of animal transport in West Africa and may serve as a factor in EP dissemination in the region. The study aim was to characterize EP parasites in donkeys and horses in northern Nigeria using a molecular approach. Blood was collected from 57 donkeys and 47 horses. EP infection was detected and characterized by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Twenty five donkeys (43.8%) were infected with T. equi, five (8.8%) with B. caballi, three (5.3%) with dual infections. Four horses (8.5%) were infected by T. equi and none by B. caballi. Four of the five known T. equi 18S rRNA genotypes (A, B, C and D) were identified. Theileria equi ema-1 and ema-2 genes were amplified in only 2 and 10 samples, respectively, showing no genetic variation. All B. caballi isolates were classified as rap-1 genotype A1. Twenty-two (42.3%) of the donkeys were positive for anti-T. equi antibodies and 29 (55.8%) were positive for anti-B. caballi antibodies, using immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT). The study results demonstrate high genetic variation within T. equi parasites, suggesting that donkeys may be reservoirs of EP parasites in West Africa.

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Rapid Detection of Equine Piroplasms Using Multiplex PCR and First Genetic Characterization of Theileria haneyi in Egypt

Pathogens ◽

10.3390/pathogens10111414 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 1414

Author(s):

Bassma S. M. Elsawy ◽

Ahmed M. Nassar ◽

Heba F. Alzan ◽

Raksha V. Bhoora ◽

Sezayi Ozubek ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multiplex Pcr ◽

Genetic Characterization ◽

Simultaneous Detection ◽

18S Rrna Gene ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

Theileria Equi ◽

Babesia Caballi ◽

Pcr Targeting ◽

First Time

Equine Piroplasmosis (EP) is an infectious disease caused by the hemoprotozoan parasites Theileria equi, Babesia caballi, and the recently identified species T. haneyi. Hereby, we used a multiplex PCR (mPCR) targeting the 18S rRNA gene of T. equi and B. caballi for the simultaneous detection of EP in Egyptian equids and examined the presence of T. haneyi infections in Egypt. Blood samples from 155 equids (79 horses and 76 donkeys) collected from different governorates of Egypt were examined by mPCR and PCR targeting T. hayeni. The mPCR method revealed a prevalence of T. equi of 20.3% in horses and of 13.1% in donkeys and a prevalence of B. caballi of 1.2% in horses. B. caballi was not detected in donkeys in the current study. The mPCR method also detected coinfections with both species (2.5% and 1.3% in horses and donkeys, respectively). Additionally, we report the presence of T. haneyi in Egypt for the first time in 53.1% of the horse and 38.1% of the donkey tested samples. Coinfection with T. haneyi and T. equi was found in 13.5% of the samples, while infection with the three EP species was found in 1.9% of the samples.

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Molecular characterization of Theileria equi in horses from the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases ◽

10.1016/j.ttbdis.2017.11.011 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 349-353 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Maristela Peckle ◽

Marcus Sandes Pires ◽

Claudia Bezerra da Silva ◽

Renata Lins da Costa ◽

Gabriela Lopes Vivas Vitari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Molecular Characterization ◽

Rio De Janeiro ◽

The State ◽

Theileria Equi

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A Review on Equine Piroplasmosis: Epidemiology, Vector Ecology, Risk Factors, Host Immunity, Diagnosis and Control

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph16101736 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (10) ◽

pp. 1736 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

ThankGod E. Onyiche ◽

Keisuke Suganuma ◽

Ikuo Igarashi ◽

Naoaki Yokoyama ◽

Xuenan Xuan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Economic Losses ◽

Vector Ecology ◽

Theileria Equi ◽

Equine Piroplasmosis ◽

Treatment And Prevention ◽

Tick Borne Disease ◽

Tick Vectors ◽

And Control

Equine Piroplasmosis (EP) is a tick-borne disease caused by apicomplexan protozoan parasites, Babesia caballi and Theileria equi. The disease is responsible for serious economic losses to the equine industry. It principally affects donkeys, horses, mules, and zebra but DNA of the parasites has also been detected in dogs and camels raising doubt about their host specificity. The disease is endemic in tropical and temperate regions of the world where the competent tick vectors are prevalent. Infected equids remain carrier for life with T. equi infection, whilst, infection with B. caballi is cleared within a few years. This review focuses on all aspects of the disease from the historical overview, biology of the parasite, epidemiology of the disease (specifically highlighting other non-equine hosts, such as dogs and camels), vector, clinical manifestations, risk factors, immunology, genetic diversity, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention.

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