scholarly journals Genetic Characterization of Piroplasms in Donkeys and Horses from Nigeria

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Idoko Sunday Idoko ◽  
Sharon Tirosh-Levy ◽  
Monica Leszkowicz Mazuz ◽  
Babagana Mohammed Adam ◽  
Bello Sikiti Garba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
West Africa ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Theileria Equi ◽  
Babesia Caballi ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Tick Borne Disease ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Dual Infections

Equine piroplasmosis (EP) is a tick-borne disease of equids, caused by the two haemoprotozoal parasites: Theileria equi and Babesia caballi. Nigeria constitutes a major crossroads of animal transport in West Africa and may serve as a factor in EP dissemination in the region. The study aim was to characterize EP parasites in donkeys and horses in northern Nigeria using a molecular approach. Blood was collected from 57 donkeys and 47 horses. EP infection was detected and characterized by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Twenty five donkeys (43.8%) were infected with T. equi, five (8.8%) with B. caballi, three (5.3%) with dual infections. Four horses (8.5%) were infected by T. equi and none by B. caballi. Four of the five known T. equi 18S rRNA genotypes (A, B, C and D) were identified. Theileria equi ema-1 and ema-2 genes were amplified in only 2 and 10 samples, respectively, showing no genetic variation. All B. caballi isolates were classified as rap-1 genotype A1. Twenty-two (42.3%) of the donkeys were positive for anti-T. equi antibodies and 29 (55.8%) were positive for anti-B. caballi antibodies, using immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT). The study results demonstrate high genetic variation within T. equi parasites, suggesting that donkeys may be reservoirs of EP parasites in West Africa.

scholarly journals Twenty Years of Equine Piroplasmosis Research: Global Distribution, Molecular Diagnosis, and Phylogeny

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 926
Author(s):  
Sharon Tirosh-Levy ◽  
Yuval Gottlieb ◽  
Lindsay M. Fry ◽  
Donald P. Knowles ◽  
Amir Steinman
Keyword(s):  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Parasite Species ◽  
Molecular Diagnostic ◽  
Theileria Equi ◽  
Babesia Caballi ◽  
Equine Piroplasmosis ◽  
The World ◽  
Tick Borne Disease

Equine piroplasmosis (EP), caused by the hemoparasites Theileria equi, Theileria haneyi, and Babesia caballi, is an important tick-borne disease of equines that is prevalent in most parts of the world. Infection may affect animal welfare and has economic impacts related to limitations in horse transport between endemic and non-endemic regions, reduced performance of sport horses and treatment costs. Here, we analyzed the epidemiological, serological, and molecular diagnostic data published in the last 20 years, and all DNA sequences submitted to GenBank database, to describe the current global prevalence of these parasites. We demonstrate that EP is endemic in most parts of the world, and that it is spreading into more temperate climates. We emphasize the importance of using DNA sequencing and genotyping to monitor the spread of parasites, and point to the necessity of further studies to improve genotypic characterization of newly recognized parasite species and strains, and their linkage to virulence.

Prevalence and molecular characterization of Theileria equi and Babesia caballi in jereed horses in Erzurum, Turkey

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Esin Guven ◽  
Hamza Avcioglu ◽  
Ahmet Deniz ◽  
İbrahim Balkaya ◽  
Ugur Abay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Theileria Equi ◽  
Babesia Caballi ◽  
Equine Piroplasmosis ◽  
Worldwide Distribution ◽  
Tick Borne Disease

AbstractEquine piroplasmosis (EP) is a hemoprotozoan tick-borne disease with worldwide distribution that is caused by

scholarly journals Prevalence and genetic characterization of Toxoplasma gondii in naturally infected backyard pigs intended for familial consumption in Romania

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anamaria Ioana Paştiu ◽  
Anamaria Cozma-Petruț ◽  
Aurélien Mercier ◽  
Anamaria Balea ◽  
Lokman Galal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Antibody Detection ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Pcr Targeting ◽  
Backyard Pigs

Abstract Background Foodborne toxoplasmosis in humans can be due to the exposure to tissue cysts of Toxoplasma gondii through the consumption of meat, including pork, of infected animals. Traditional Romanian food habits include pork as the preferred meat, while backyard pig rearing remains a common practice in many rural areas of Romania. The aims of the present study were to estimate the prevalence of T. gondii infection in naturally infected backyard pigs slaughtered for familial consumption and to genetically characterize the T. gondii strains obtained. Methods Paired blood and heart samples were collected from 94 backyard pigs, home slaughtered for private consumption. Serum samples were analyzed using the immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT) for anti-T. gondii antibody detection. Heart samples were screened by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting the 529-bp repeat region (REP529) for T. gondii detection. In addition, heart samples from IFAT positive animals were bioassayed in mice. The T. gondii isolates were genotyped by the analysis of 15 microsatellite markers. Results The results showed that almost half of the pigs investigated were T. gondii seropositive (46.8%, 95% confidence interval (CI): 36.4–57.4%) and in more than a quarter of the pigs (26.6%, 95% CI: 18.0–36.7%), the parasite was detected by PCR. Three (3/44) T. gondii strains were isolated from hearts of seropositive pigs and they all belonged to genotype II. Conclusions The present study showed the presence of T. gondii infection in backyard pigs in Romania, which suggests that consumption of pork from animals reared and slaughtered at home may pose a potential threat to human health and should be given attention. In addition, to our knowledge, this is the first study to provide data concerning T. gondii strains circulating in pigs from Romania.

scholarly journals Rapid Detection of Equine Piroplasms Using Multiplex PCR and First Genetic Characterization of Theileria haneyi in Egypt

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1414
Author(s):  
Bassma S. M. Elsawy ◽  
Ahmed M. Nassar ◽  
Heba F. Alzan ◽  
Raksha V. Bhoora ◽  
Sezayi Ozubek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiplex Pcr ◽  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Simultaneous Detection ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Theileria Equi ◽  
Babesia Caballi ◽  
Pcr Targeting ◽  
First Time

Equine Piroplasmosis (EP) is an infectious disease caused by the hemoprotozoan parasites Theileria equi, Babesia caballi, and the recently identified species T. haneyi. Hereby, we used a multiplex PCR (mPCR) targeting the 18S rRNA gene of T. equi and B. caballi for the simultaneous detection of EP in Egyptian equids and examined the presence of T. haneyi infections in Egypt. Blood samples from 155 equids (79 horses and 76 donkeys) collected from different governorates of Egypt were examined by mPCR and PCR targeting T. hayeni. The mPCR method revealed a prevalence of T. equi of 20.3% in horses and of 13.1% in donkeys and a prevalence of B. caballi of 1.2% in horses. B. caballi was not detected in donkeys in the current study. The mPCR method also detected coinfections with both species (2.5% and 1.3% in horses and donkeys, respectively). Additionally, we report the presence of T. haneyi in Egypt for the first time in 53.1% of the horse and 38.1% of the donkey tested samples. Coinfection with T. haneyi and T. equi was found in 13.5% of the samples, while infection with the three EP species was found in 1.9% of the samples.

scholarly journals Genetic Differentiation of Clariid Populations using Microsatellite Markers in Kano State Rivers

2021 ◽  
pp. 35-45
Author(s):  
I. O. Suleiman ◽  
R.O. Okeke ◽  
J. M. Madu ◽  
A. U. Umar ◽  
O.M Akinsola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Genetic Differentiation ◽  
Dna Extraction ◽  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Caudal Peduncle ◽  
Fta Cards ◽  
Fish Samples ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Outbred Populations

This study aimed to investigate the genetic characterization of strains of Clariid fish species in some river bodies in Kano State using microsatellite markers.One hundred and seventy seven Clariid fish samples (Clariasgariepinus and Heterobranchuslongifilis) were collected from six rivers (Thomas, Ghari, Tiga dam, Duddurun Gaya, Karaye and Bagwai) in Kano state. Blood sample was taken from each fish sample by severing the caudal peduncle and drained into FTA cards for DNA extraction, Polymerase Chain Reaction and electrophoresis to determine genetic variation between the Clariid fish populations.Genealex 6.4 software package was used to analyse the resolve bands from DNA extraction to determine their base pair and genetic variation. Results showed that the Fst values ranged from 0.00 to 0.66, Fit ranged from -0.04 to 0.12, Fis ranged from -0.35 to -0.26. It indicated a large number of gene flow (exchange) among the populations with a range of 0.46 to 0.87. There was an established magnitude of genetic divergence (91.86%) among the populations as shown by the result of the percentage polymorphism which depends on the number of alleles detected per locus and their frequencies. It can be concluded that since there was no inbreeding as shown in the study, none of the population exhibited genetic uniqueness. The populations had a high genetic differentiation between populations but moderate differentiation within populations. The populations were outbred populations; an indication that relatives avoided mating in the population.

Molecular detection and prevalence of Theileria equi and Babesia caballi in horses of central Balkan

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Darko Davitkov ◽  
Milos Vucicevic ◽  
Jevrosima Stevanovic ◽  
Vanja Krstic ◽  
Dajana Slijepcevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Specific Region ◽  
Theileria Equi ◽  
Species Determination ◽  
Babesia Caballi ◽  
Equine Piroplasmosis ◽  
Pcr Products ◽  
Tick Borne Disease ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractEquine piroplasmosis is significant tick-borne disease with wide distribution. The prevalence of equine piroplasmosis in Serbia, Montenegro and Bosnia and Herzegovina is unknown. In aim to obtain a first insight into the prevalence we performed molecular epidemiological study which included 142 horses, on seven locations in these three countries. We first performed PCR for the detection of a 450bp long section of the 18S rRNA of piroplasma-specific region. For all positive samples we have done multiplex PCR for the species detection. Species determination was further confirmed by sequencing PCR products of 10 randomly selected

scholarly journals Molecular and microscopic detection of Babesia caballi and Theileria equi among working horses and donkeys in Cairo and Giza provinces of Egypt

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed M. Soliman ◽  
Nagwa M. Elhawary ◽  
Nashwa M. Helmy ◽  
Sahar M. Gadelhaq
Keyword(s):  
Ixodid Tick ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Conventional Pcr ◽  
Theileria Equi ◽  
Babesia Caballi ◽  
Tick Borne Disease ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Age And Sex

Abstract Equine piroplasmosis (EP) is an ixodid tick-borne disease caused by Theileria equi and/or Babesia caballi that can lead to severe health issues and economic losses among equine population. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of T. equi and B. caballi among Egyptian equines based on microscopy and conventional PCR. Also, to determine the effect of season, age, and sex of on their prevalence and determining the difference in sensitivity between microscopy and conventional PCR in the diagnosis of EP. This study was carried out on 432 blood samples randomly collected from 146 horses and 286 donkeys during a period from April 2016 to March 2018. Microscopic examination revealed that among horses, 13 (8.9%) and 4 (2.7%) were infected by T. equi and B. caballi respectively. While among donkeys, 22 (7.7%), 16 (5.6%) respectively. While mixed infections were detected in 4 (1.4%) donkeys. There was a statistically nonsignificant relation between prevalence of infection and season and sex of equines but the highest prevalence was recorded in age group less than 5 years old. By conventional PCR, among 64 horses, 15 (23.4%) and 8 (12.5%) were infected by T. equi and B. caballi, respectively. While among 76 donkeys, 36 (47.4%), 16 (21.1%), and 5 (6.6%) were infected by T. equi, B. caballi, and mixed infection, respectively. Our finding proved the existence of T. equi and B. caballi among equines.

scholarly journals Employment of the 18s rRNA screening PCR technique in the detection of Equine Piroplasmosis, in horses of sports and military operations, of the Brazilian Army

2018 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 1680-1684
Author(s):  
C.P. Sousa ◽  
J.G.B. Soares
Keyword(s):  
Military Operations ◽  
Law And Order ◽  
Porto Alegre ◽  
Theileria Equi ◽  
Babesia Caballi ◽  
Equine Piroplasmosis ◽  
Effectiveness Factors ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Military Activity ◽  
The Military

ABSTRACT The present work had the objective of detecting the occurrence of Equine Piroplasmosis in horses housed in the 3rd Guards Cavalry Regiment (GCR) - Brazilian Army (BA) ˗ Porto Alegre, RS-Brazil, as well as to demonstrate the proactivity of PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) technique, aiming at the judicious use of the resources involved in the training and employment of Equines in the Brazilian Army. Fifty horses of the 3rd GCR - Porto Alegre ˗ RS, which are employed for Sport, Military Ceremonial, Law and Order Guarantee Operations (LOGO), were evaluated by means of the 18s r RNA screening with PCR technique, thirty eight horses with Babesia Caballi and Theileria Equi were detected, which corresponds to an incidence of 76% of the horses effective analyzed at the time. In this way, it can be verified that the Military activity have its "performance and effectiveness" factors threatened in case the health of the principal of his means employed, that is the horse, is compromised. The PCR technique then offers a reliable and feasible tool for the detection of Equine Piroplasmosis in BA horses.

Seroprevalence of Theileria equi, Babesia caballi, and Trichinella spp. infections in horses and donkeys from Nigeria, West Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamani Joshua ◽  
Bártová Eva ◽  
Kašpárková Nikola ◽  
Mohammed J. Samaila ◽  
Budíková Marie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Theileria Equi ◽  
Babesia Caballi
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