Carbon storage in seagrass ecosystems along the Andaman coast of Thailand

2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 429-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milica Stankovic ◽  
Naruemon Tantipisanuh ◽  
Anchana Prathep
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Carbon Storage ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
West Coast ◽  
Human Disturbance ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
The West ◽  
Seagrass Meadows ◽  
Seagrass Ecosystems

Abstract Seagrass ecosystems are important contributors to mitigation of climate change, since they are responsible for large carbon sinks. However, there is limited knowledge regarding the importance of variability of carbon storage in various ecosystems. In this study, we estimated carbon storage in several structurally different seagrass meadows along the west coast of Thailand and determined whether degree of exposure, human disturbance, and meadow type influenced carbon storage within these meadows. Carbon content within the living vegetation was on average 3±2.7 Mg ha−1, whilst average storage of carbon in the sediment was 122±35.3 Mg ha−1. Meadow type and disturbance had a significant influence on total carbon storage in the ecosystem, while the degree of exposure of the bay did not show great differences. Uniform meadows had a higher average total carbon storage than mixed meadows (133±36.2 and 110±41.3 Mg ha−1, respectively). Undisturbed meadows had a higher average total carbon storage than disturbed ones (140±36.5 and 103±34.8 Mg ha−1, respectively). The results obtained contribute to our understanding of carbon storage on an ecosystem scale and can provide a baseline for proper management, conservation, and climate change studies in the region.

scholarly journals Ecological connectivity of seagrasses with mangroves increases the carbon storage of tropical seagrass meadows of an island ecosystem

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amrit Kumar Mishra ◽  
Deepak Apte ◽  
Syed Hilal Farooq
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Carbon Storage ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Thalassia Hemprichii ◽  
Sediment Grain Size ◽  
Seagrass Meadows ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation ◽  
Change Mitigation

Abstract Ecologically connected ecosystems are considered more resilient to climate change mitigation by storing increased amounts of carbon than individual ecosystems. This study quantified the carbon storage capacity of seagrass (Thalassia hemprichii) meadows that are adjacent to mangroves (MG; Rhizophora apiculate) and without mangroves (WMG) at three locations in tropical Andaman and Nicobar Islands (ANI) of India. The sediment organic matter (OM) carbon (Corg) content was 2-fold higher at the MG sites than WMG sites of all three locations within the top 10 cm. The Corg in the total biomass was higher at MG sites than the biomass at WMG sites. The sediment grain size positively influenced the sediment OM and Corg content. The canopy height of T. hemprichii showed a better relationship with sediment OM and Corg at MG sites. In contrast, the shoot density of T. hemprichii showed a better relationship with sediment OM and Corg at WMG sites. The total carbon in 144 ha of T. hemprichii meadows of all three MG sites was 11031± 5223 Mg C, whereas the carbon in 148 ha of WMG sites was 4921±3725 Mg C. These T. hemprichii meadows of ANI store around 40487±19171 ton of CO2 in the MG sites and 18036 ±13672 ton of CO2 at WMG sites. The social cost of these carbon stored in these T. hemprichii meadows is around US$ 34.82 and 1.5 million at the MG and WMG sites, respectively. This study points out the efficiency of seagrass ecosystems of ANI as carbon sinks and the potential of these connected seascapes in increasing the efficiency of seagrass carbon storage. Therefore, this connectivity approach should be further explored to include these connected ecosystems of India as a nature-based solution for climate change mitigation and adaptation plans.

scholarly journals Carbon storage variability in seagrass meadows of Marine Poton Bako, East Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 1626-1631 ◽  
Author(s):  
FIRMAN ALI RAHMAN ◽  
IBNUL QAYIM ◽  
YUSLI WARDIATNO
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Carbon Storage ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Thalassia Hemprichii ◽  
Seagrass Meadows ◽  
Plot Area ◽  
The Impact

Rahman FA, Qayim I, Wardiatno Y. 2018. Carbon storage variability in seagrass meadows of Marine Poton Bako, EastLombok, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 1626-1631. The increase of atmospheric CO2 concentration in the lastdecades leads to global warming, having an adverse effect on the environment condition on the Earth. One of the natural mechanism asan effort to reduce the impact of global warming is carbon absorption and storage through photosynthesis mechanism of seagrassvegetation. Research conducted at Poton Bako, a district in East Lombok was aimed to reveal the composition of seagrass species,density, seagrass coverage, the biomass of seagrass tissue, content of carbon storage in seagrass tissue (above and below substrates),carbon content in seagrass sediments, and estimation of carbon stock in the area. The research included observation of speciescomposition, and the sample was collected from 0.5 m × 0.5 m plot area. The total plot area was 36 on six lanes with the space betweenplots 25 m and between lanes 100 m. Six species from two families were found in the seagrass meadows, i.e., Cymodocea rotundata,Enhalus acoroides, Halophila minor, Holodule uninervis, Thalassia hemprichii and Thalassodendron ciliatum. The three highest totaldensities were C. rotundata 214.67±110.469 stands m-2, T. hemprichii 85.11±41.471 stands m-2, and H. minor 42.22±44.204 stands m-2.Species with the highest coverage value at all observation plots was C. rotundata (33.47±26.748 %), and T. ciliatum had the lowestvalue (2.12±5.071 %). The total biomass was 676.32 g DW m-2 with biomass above substrate 329.94±57.725 g DW m-2 and belowsubstrate 654.88±81.199 g DW m-2. The carbon content of substrate ranged from 0.11% to 0.51% with the average of 0.35±0.081%,which was categorized low. The total average of carbon storage in seagrass was 447.92 g C m-2 comprising 142.77 g C m-2 of theirtissue above substrate and 305.15 g C m-2 below substrate. Regarding the area, the total carbon stored in seagrass meadows with 56.65ha area was 249.27 t C ha-1.

scholarly journals Biomasa dan Simpanan Karbon pada Ekosistem Lamun di Perairan Batulawang dan Pulau Sintok Taman Nasional Karimunjawa, Jepara

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 413-420
Author(s):  
Annisa Rhamadany ◽  
Chrisna Adhi Suryono ◽  
Delianis Pringgenies
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Content ◽  
Carbon Storage ◽  
Thalassia Hemprichii ◽  
Enhalus Acoroides ◽  
Halophila Ovalis ◽  
A Value ◽  
Seagrass Biomass ◽  
Seagrass Ecosystems ◽  
Cymodocea Rotundata ◽  
Thalassodendron Ciliatum

Ekosistem lamun memiliki fungsi ekologi dan ekonomi yang tinggi. Peran ekosistem lamun dalam penyimpanan karbon akan tetapi masih belum menjadi sorotan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui nilai biomassa dan estimasi simpanan karbon pada ekosistem lamun di Perairan Batulawang, Pulau Kemujan serta Pulau Sintok, Taman Nasional Karimunjawa. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada 7 – 14 Noevmber 2019 di Perairan Batulawang dan Pulau Sintok, Taman Nasional Karimunjawa. Metode penelitian di lapangan menggunakan metode SeagrassWatch, sementara nilai biomassa dan nilai estimasi simpanan karbon dihitung menggunakan metode Metode Loss of Ignition (LOI) di laboratorium. Data yang diperoleh berupa pengukuran berat kering untuk menghitung biomassa dan analisa kandungan karbon pada lamun dan sedimen. Hasil penelitian didapatkan empat jenis lamun di Perairan Batulawang yaitu Enhalus acoroides, Thalassia hemprichii, Cymodocea serrulata, dan Thalassodendron ciliatum sedangkan di Pulau Sintok terdapat tiga jenis lamun yang ditemukan yaitu Thalassia hemprichii, Cymodocea rotundata, dan Halophila ovalis. Nilai total biomassa lamun terbesar pada Perairan Batulawang yaitu Enhalus acoroides dengan nilai 849,75 gbk/m2 dan nilai total biomassa lamun terkecil Thalassodendron ciliatum dengan nilai 29 gbk/m2. Nilai total biomassa lamun terbesar pada Pulau Sintok yaitu Cymodocea rotundata dengan nilai 177,75 gbk/m2dan nilai total biomassa lamun terkecil Halophila ovalis dengan nilai 4,75 gbk/m2. Hasil pengukuran karbon lamun pada Perairan Batulawang yaitu 12,97 – 359,87 gC/m2­ dan 258,20 – 541,51 gC/m2 pada sedimennya. Hasil pengukuran karbon pada lamun di Pulau Sintok yaitu 2,35 – 85,80 gC/m2 dan 204,92 – 765,92 gC/m2 pada sedimen. Kandungan karbon paling besar terdapat pada bagian bawah substrat (below ground). Kandungan karbon pada bagian bawah substrat tidak terganggu oleh faktor lingkungan (gelombang, arus, dan ulah manusia) sehingga terakumulasi baik. Seagrass ecosystems have high ecological and economic functions. The role of seagrass ecosystems in carbon storage, however, has not yet been highlighted. The purpose of this study was to determine the value of biomass and estimated carbon storage in seagrass ecosystems in Batulawang waters, Kemujan Island and Sintok Island, Karimunjawa National Park. This research was conducted on 7 − 14 November 2019 in Batulawang waters and Sintok Island, Karimunjawa National Park. The research method in the field uses the SeagrassWatch method, while the biomass value and the estimated value of carbon storage are calculated using the Loss of Ignition (LOI) method in the laboratory. The data obtained were measurements of dry weight to calculate biomass and analysis of carbon content in seagrass and sediments. The result shows that there are four species of seagrass in Batulawang Waters, they are Enhalus acoroides, Thalassia hemprichii, Cymodocea serrulata, and Thalassodendron cliatum meanwhile in Sintok Island there are three species, they are, Thalassia hemprichii, Cymodocea rotundata, and Halophila ovalis. The measurement of carbon is done by using Loss on Ignition Method. The highest total seagrass biomass in Batulawang waters is Enhalus acoroides with a value of 849.75 gbk/m2 and the lowest total seagrass biomass is Thalassodendron ciliatum with a value of 29 gbk/m2. The highest total seagrass biomass on Sintok Island is Cymodocea rotundata with a value of 177.75 gbk/m2 and the lowest total seagrass biomass is Halophila ovalis with a value of 4.75 gbk/m2. The results of measurements of seagrass carbon in Batulawang waters are 12,97 – 359,87 gC/m2­ and 258,20 – 541,51 gC/m2 on the sediments. The result of seagrass carbon measurement in Sintok Island is 2,35 – 85,80 gC/m2 and 204,92 – 765,92 gC/m2 on the sediments. The largest carbon content is at the bottom of the substrate (below ground). The carbon content at the bottom of the substrate is not disturbed by environmental factors (waves, currents, and human activities) so that it accumulates well.

scholarly journals Carbon storage along altitudes in agrisilviculture system- Case study of Devprayag Block, Tehri District, Uttarakhand, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 29-38
Author(s):  
K.K. Vikrant ◽  
D.S. Chauhan ◽  
R.H. Rizvi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Storage ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Biomass Carbon ◽  
Total Carbon Stock ◽  
Crop Biomass

Climate change is one of the impending problems that have affected the productivity of agroecosystems which calls for urgent action. Carbon sequestration through agroforestry along altitude in mountainous regions is one of the options to contribute to global climate change mitigation. Three altitudes viz. lower (286-1200m), middle (1200-2000m), and upper (2000-2800m) have been selected in Tehri district. Ten Quadrates (10m × 10 m) were randomly selected from each altitude in agrisilviculture system. At every sampling point, one composite soil sample was taken at 30 cm soil depth for soil organic carbon analysis. For the purpose of woody biomass, Non destructive method and for crop biomass assessment destructive method was employed. Finally, aboveground biomass (AGB), belowground biomass carbon (BGB), Total tree Biomass (TTB), Crop biomass (CB), Total Biomass (TB), Total biomass carbon (TBC), soil organic carbon (SOC), and total carbon stock (TC) status were estimated and variables were compared using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA).The result indicated that AGB, BGB, TTB, CB , TB, TBC, SOC, and TC varied significantly (p < 0.05) across the altitudes. Results showed that total carbon stock followed the order upper altitude ˃ middle altitudes ˃ lower altitude. The upper altitude (2000-2800 m) AGB, BGB,TTB, TBC,SOC, and TC stock was estimated as 2.11 Mg ha-1 , 0.52 Mg ha-1, 2.63 Mg ha-1, 2.633 Mg ha-1, 1.18 Mg ha-1 , 26.53 Mg ha-1, 38.48 Mg ha-1 respectively, and significantly higher than the other altitudes. It was concluded that agrisilviculture system hold a high potential for carbon storage at temperate zones. Quercus lucotrichophora, Grewia oppositifolia and Melia azadirach contributed maximum carbon storage which may greatly contribute to the climate resilient green economy strategy and their conservation should be promoted.

Variability of Pacific herring (Clupea pallasii) spawn abundance under climate change off the West Coast of Canada over the past six decades

2019 ◽  
Vol 200 ◽  
pp. 103229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Xu ◽  
Caihong Fu ◽  
Angelica Peña ◽  
Roy Hourston ◽  
Richard Thomson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
West Coast ◽  
Pacific Herring ◽  
The West ◽  
Clupea Pallasii ◽  
The Past

scholarly journals Climate Change Is Making India’s West Coast More Vulnerable to Cyclones

Eos ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rishika Pardikar
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
West Coast ◽  
Arabian Sea ◽  
The West ◽  
Cyclonic Storms

A new study found significant increases in the intensity, frequency, and duration of cyclonic storms over the Arabian Sea. Is the west coast prepared?

scholarly journals Brief communication: Historical glacier length changes in West Greenland

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 3491-3501 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. W. Leclercq ◽  
A. Weidick ◽  
F. Paul ◽  
T. Bolch ◽  
M. Citterio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
West Coast ◽  
The West ◽  
Glacier Dynamics ◽  
Glacier Length ◽  
Length Changes ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract. Past glacier fluctuations provide insight into glacier dynamics, climate change, and the contribution of glaciers to sea-level rise. Here, the length fluctuations since the 19th century of 18 local glaciers in West and South Greenland are presented, extending and updating the study by Weidick (1968). The studied glaciers all show an overall retreat with an average of 1.2 ± 0.2 km over the 20th century, indicating a general rise of the equilibrium line along the west coast of Greenland during the last century. The rate of retreat was largest in the first half of the 20th century.

scholarly journals Can mud (silt and clay) concentration be used to predict soil organic carbon content within seagrass ecosystems?

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Serrano ◽  
P. S. Lavery ◽  
C. M. Duarte ◽  
G. A. Kendrick ◽  
A. Calafat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Blue Carbon ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Terrestrial Organic Matter ◽  
Seagrass Meadows ◽  
Clay Concentration ◽  
Seagrass Ecosystems

Abstract. The emerging field of blue carbon science is seeking cost-effective ways to estimate the organic carbon content of soils that are bound by coastal vegetated ecosystems. Organic carbon (Corg) content in terrestrial soils and marine sediments has been correlated with mud content (i.e. silt and clay), however, empirical tests of this theory are lacking for coastal vegetated ecosystems. Here, we compiled data (n = 1345) on the relationship between Corg and mud (i.e. silt and clay, particle sizes <63 μm) contents in seagrass ecosystems (79 cores) and adjacent bare sediments (21 cores) to address whether mud can be used to predict soil Corg content. We also combined these data with the δ13C signatures of the soil Corg to understand the sources of Corg stores. The results showed that mud is positively correlated with soil Corg content only when the contribution of seagrass-derived Corg to the sedimentary Corg pool is relatively low, such as in small and fast growing meadows of the genera Zostera, Halodule and Halophila, and in bare sediments adjacent to seagrass ecosystems. In large and long-living seagrass meadows of the genera Posidonia and Amphibolis there was a lack of, or poor relationship between mud and soil Corg content, related to a higher contribution of seagrass-derived Corg to the sedimentary Corg pool in these meadows. The relative high soil Corg contents with relatively low mud contents (i.e. mud-Corg saturation) together with significant allochthonous inputs of terrestrial organic matter could overall disrupt the correlation expected between soil Corg and mud contents. This study shows that mud (i.e. silt and clay content) is not a universal proxy for blue carbon content in seagrass ecosystems, and therefore should not be applied generally across all seagrass habitats. Mud content can only be used as a proxy to estimate soil Corg content for scaling up purposes when opportunistic and/or low biomass seagrass species (i.e. Zostera, Halodule and Halophila) are present (explaining 34 to 91% of variability), and in bare sediments (explaining 78% of the variability).

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