scholarly journals Grouping Bread Wheat Genotypes and Lines based on Some Morphological Traits Using Multivariate Analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 13-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Pasandi ◽  
M. Janmohammadi ◽  
Z. Movahedi ◽  
N. Sabaghnia
Keyword(s):  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Yellow Rust ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Good Resistance ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Biotic Stresses ◽  
Improvement Programs

AbstractThe knowledge about the extent of variability among bread wheat (Triticum aestivumL.) genotypes is a high value for the genetic improvement programs and the efficient genetic diversity utilization of plant materials. The objective of this research was to assess the morphological characteristics of 56 common wheat genotypes which were planted under field condition and their morphological traits were recorded. The principal components (PC) analysis, factor analysis and clustering procedure were applied to group genotypes according to similarity on the basis of the measured traits. Results showed that the first two PCs explain 41% of the total variation. The PC and factor analyses grouped genotypes into four groups while the cluster analysis grouped them into five distinct clusters. The cluster I had good resistance to yellow rust and salinity while the cluster II, had good resistance to drought, cold and salinity. The cluster III had high tolerance to cold stress and low temperatures but the cluster IV had good tolerance to drought, brown rust and yellow rust. Also, cluster V had various properties including tolerance abiotic stresses, resistance to biotic stresses, resistant to lodging and semi-dwarf property. The results of this research will support efforts of conservation and utilization of genotypes in bread wheat breeding programs.

Utilisation of wild Cicer in chickpea improvement — progress, constraints, and prospects

2003 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 429 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Croser ◽  
F. Ahmad ◽  
H. J. Clarke ◽  
K. H. M. Siddique
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Biotic Stresses ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Cicer Species ◽  
Cultivated Species ◽  
Wild Cicer Species ◽  
Improvement Programs ◽  
Primary Focus

Efforts to improve the yield and quality of cultivated chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) are constrained by a low level of intraspecific genetic diversity. Increased genetic diversity can be achieved via the hybridisation of the cultivated species with the unimproved 'wild' relatives from within the 43 species of the Cicer genus. To date, the 8 species sharing an annual growth habit and chromosome number with C. arietinum have been the primary focus of screening and introgression efforts. Screening of these species has uncovered morphological characteristics and resistance to a number of abiotic and biotic stresses that are of potential value to chickpea improvement programs. Detailed analysis of protein and DNA, karyotyping, and crossability studies have begun to elucidate the relationships between the annual Cicer species. In comparison, perennial species have received little attention due to difficulties in collection, propagation, and evaluation. This review discusses the progress towards an understanding of genetic relationships between the Cicer species, and the introgression of genes from the wild Cicer species into the cultivated species.

Gene Effects and Combining Ability in Some Bread Wheat Genotypes to Yellow Rust Disease

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-151
Author(s):  
A.R. Razavi ◽  
M. Taeb ◽  
F. Afshari ◽  
S. Khavari ◽  
M. Abbaspoor
Keyword(s):  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Yellow Rust ◽  
Rust Disease ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Wheat Genotypes

Effect of root morphological traits on zinc efficiency in Iranian bread wheat genotypes

2016 ◽  
Vol 66 (7) ◽  
pp. 575-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serveh Fathi ◽  
Mohammad Sadegh Sabet ◽  
Tahmineh Lohrasebi ◽  
Khadijeh Razavi ◽  
Ghasem Karimzadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Zinc Efficiency ◽  
Wheat Genotypes

1BL.1RS translocation in some Indian bread wheat genotypes and strategies for its use in future wheat breeding

Caryologia ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kumar ◽  
N. Kumar ◽  
H.S. Balyan ◽  
P.K. Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Wheat Genotypes

scholarly journals Investigation of Genetic Diversity in Afghan Bread Wheat Genotypes Using SSR and AFLP Markers

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 1263
Author(s):  
Mohammad Bahman Sadeqi ◽  
Said Dadshani ◽  
Mohammad Yousefi ◽  
Gul Mohammad Ajir
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Average Distance ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Aflp Markers ◽  
Ammonium Bromide ◽  
Aflp Data ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Diversity Assessment

Genetic diversity assessment is the principle component for conservation and characterization of germplasm. Genetic diversity study of Afghan bread wheat genotypes is a first step to identify and to select high performance genotypes and distribute to wheat breeding programs. The main objective of this study is to investigate of genetic diversity in 35 Afghan bread wheat genotypes by using Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) and Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) markers. DNA extraction according to Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide (CTAB) method was conducted and the total genomic DNA was isolated from each variety. Sixty-four SSR primer markers were used and eighteen EcoRI+(N)/MseI+(N) primer combinations with their primer sequences were used for selective polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification. Every SSR and AFLP fragment was scored as present (1) or absent (0) within all genotypes under study. Marker/ Value ratio of pairwise genetic distance between genotypes according to the SSRs data was from 0.508 to 0.691 with an average distance of 0.599. Relatively different grouping pattern in comparison to AFLP data observed through cluster analysis. Both types of molecular markers (AFLP and SSR) used in this research proved to be suitable for investigating genetic diversity in the genotypes of Afghan bread wheat, however, AFLP markers gave better view of genetically relationships among genotypes than the SSR markers. The grouping generated by AFLP data showed a special agreement with the origin regions of genotypes (Ariana-07 and Mazar-99 originating from the north of Afghanistan, Lalmi-03 and Kabul-02. Large number of DNA bands identified with AFLP markers might provide a better estimation of genetic similarity than those of SSR markers.

scholarly journals Resistance Potential of Bread Wheat Genotypes Against Yellow Rust Disease Under Egyptian Climate

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 402-413
Author(s):  
Amer F. Mahmoud ◽  
Mohamed I. Hassan ◽  
Karam A. Amein
Keyword(s):  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Yellow Rust ◽  
Rust Disease ◽  
Wheat Genotypes

scholarly journals Genotype X Environment Interaction for Quality Traits in Bread Wheat Genotype Tested At Six Environments

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Wide Adaptation ◽  
New Varieties

The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of GEI and its magnitude on the grain quality of bread wheat genotypes in Ethiopia. 15 bread wheat genotypes were evaluated using RCBD with four replications at six different locations in Ethiopia during 2017/18 cropping season. Combine Analysis of variance showed highly significant (P<0.001) differences among genotype, environment and GEI for investigated quality traits except GEI shows non-significant difference in dry gluten and gluten index. The environment contributed more than 50% only in PC (83.6%) and HLW (56.1%). The three components, G, E and GxE made almost similar contribution to most of the quality traits (WG, DG and GI), although the contribution of the environment was a little higher. Hardness index was determined mainly by the genotype (69.3%). The contribution of GxE was higher than that of genotype in all quality traits except in HDI and GI, again indicating the important role of GxE in the determination of wheat quality traits. Genotype ETBW9045 and ETBW8065 gave the best value of protein in the favorable means (15.05% and 14.75%) respectively. The Hidase had the highest value of wet gluten (58.2%) and dry gluten (24.38%) in average for all investigated locations (58.2%). GGE biplot declared ETBW9045 (#10) and ETBW8065 (#6) genotypes as stable in all quality. These two genotypes ETBW9045 (#10) and ETBW8065 (#6) are recommended for wide adaptation and for crossing. This study demonstrates success in wheat breeding for improved quality in bread wheat. The study also provides information on the combined stability of improved quality of the nationally important bread wheat genotypes. Therefore, the results of this study could be valuable for national bread wheat breeding programs to develop new varieties with high stable grain quality.

scholarly journals Impact of Stripe Rust Resistance Alleles on Wheat Grain Yield Using Landraces and Improved Accessions

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
ElBasyoni IS ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Stripe Rust ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Stripe Rust Resistance ◽  
Substantial Part ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Biotic Stresses

Stripe rust is one of the most devastating biotic stresses to cause grain yield losses in wheat. In the current study, 227 imported accessions, and six widely grown modern cultivars (Sids14, Sids12, Misr1, Misr2, Giza171, and Gimmiza9), were used. All plant materials were planted in the field and evaluated for stripe rust resistance and grain yield. Five Simple Sequence Repeats (SSR) markers Xpsp3000, Xbarc8, Xgwm419, Xwmc44, and Xbarc32, respectively, are associated with five essential stripe rust resistance genes Yr10, Yr15, Yr26, Yr29, and Yr59, were also used. The results indicated a highly positive and significant correlation between grain yield and stripe rust resistance. Furthermore, as the number of stripe rust resistance alleles increased, both grain yield and stripe rust resistance increased. Out of the 233 accessions used, 11 accessions were found to contain the five resistance genes. The identified resistant accessions could be used as a gene source to enhance stripe rust resistance in wheat breeding programs. SSR markers used in the current study effectively capture a substantial part of the phenotypic variation caused by stripe rust. Thus, these five markers could be used effectively in marker-assisted selection for stripe rust resistance.

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