scholarly journals Genotype X Environment Interaction for Quality Traits in Bread Wheat Genotype Tested At Six Environments

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Wide Adaptation ◽  
New Varieties

The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of GEI and its magnitude on the grain quality of bread wheat genotypes in Ethiopia. 15 bread wheat genotypes were evaluated using RCBD with four replications at six different locations in Ethiopia during 2017/18 cropping season. Combine Analysis of variance showed highly significant (P<0.001) differences among genotype, environment and GEI for investigated quality traits except GEI shows non-significant difference in dry gluten and gluten index. The environment contributed more than 50% only in PC (83.6%) and HLW (56.1%). The three components, G, E and GxE made almost similar contribution to most of the quality traits (WG, DG and GI), although the contribution of the environment was a little higher. Hardness index was determined mainly by the genotype (69.3%). The contribution of GxE was higher than that of genotype in all quality traits except in HDI and GI, again indicating the important role of GxE in the determination of wheat quality traits. Genotype ETBW9045 and ETBW8065 gave the best value of protein in the favorable means (15.05% and 14.75%) respectively. The Hidase had the highest value of wet gluten (58.2%) and dry gluten (24.38%) in average for all investigated locations (58.2%). GGE biplot declared ETBW9045 (#10) and ETBW8065 (#6) genotypes as stable in all quality. These two genotypes ETBW9045 (#10) and ETBW8065 (#6) are recommended for wide adaptation and for crossing. This study demonstrates success in wheat breeding for improved quality in bread wheat. The study also provides information on the combined stability of improved quality of the nationally important bread wheat genotypes. Therefore, the results of this study could be valuable for national bread wheat breeding programs to develop new varieties with high stable grain quality.

scholarly journals The Nutritional Components of Rice are Closely Related to Grain Quality Traits in Rice

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 239
Author(s):  
Bo Peng ◽  
Ke-Xin Jin ◽  
Dian-Ya Luo ◽  
Xia-Yu Tian ◽  
Yan-Fang Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Quality ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Rice Quality ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
The Relationship

Starch, protein and lipid are the most important nutrients in rice, and their composition and content in rice grains play a decisive role in the grain quality. Rice quality (including appearance quality, cooking quality, nutrition quality, grinding and processing quality, etc.) is not only affected by the composition of the nutrients in grain of rice, but also by the physical and chemical characteristics and their content in grains, but also vulnerable to external environmental conditions. To clarify the relationship between the main nutrients in rice and their grain quality traits is of great theoretical significance and potential application value for the continuous improvement of rice quality in the future. Therefore, this paper reviewed the effects of starch, protein, lipid and mineral elements in grain of rice and also on quality of trait in rice. It is also discussed the relationship between these nutrients and rice grain quality traits. All of those will provide important information for the quality of grain improvement and breeding of new varieties with high quality in rice.

Grain quality of elite bread wheat genotypes under non-stress and drought-stress conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 314-334
Author(s):  
Zamalotshwa Thungo ◽  
Hussein Shimelis ◽  
Alfred Odindo ◽  
Jacob Mashilo
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Wheat Genotypes

scholarly journals Influence of different agronomic practices on yield and quality of grains of new winter wheat varieties of breeding of North Caucasian federal scientific agricultural center

2019 ◽  
pp. 23-31
Author(s):  
Е ШЕСТАКОВА ◽  
Elena Shestakova ◽  
Ф. Ерошенко ◽  
F. Eroshenko ◽  
Лусине Оганян ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Combine Method ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
The North ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Soft Winter Wheat ◽  
Pure Steam

Abstract. The purpose of the research is to study the influence of the main technological methods of cultivation on the formation of the crop and grain quality of new varieties of soft winter wheat breeding North-Cavcasus FARC. Methods. Statement of field experiment and generalization of research results are made in accordance with the methodical instructions of B. A. Dospekhov. Accounting harvest was performed with the combine method. Technological assessment of winter wheat grain quality was determined according to GOST R 54478-2011. Results. The conducted researches showed that on the predecessor pure steam the studied new grades of a winter wheat form not only a big crop, but also the best quality of grain, in comparison with the predecessor a winter wheat. So, on average in grades for 2015-2018 productivity and amount of crude gluten of a winter wheat in our experiences on the steam predecessor on control made, respectively, 5,0 t/ha and 17,5 %, and on the winter wheat predecessor ‒ 3,4 t/ha and 16,4 %. Improvement of conditions of mineral food provided increase in productivity and amount of crude gluten on the predecessor pure steam, respectively, on 2,2 t/ha and on 5,9 items, and on the predecessor a winter wheat – on 1,7 t/ha and on 2,2 items. Our researches showed that on the sum of the indicators defining stability of a grain yield and its quality, the most perspective grades are the Stavka and Stat'. The scientific novelty consists in that, for the first in the conditions of unstable moistening of Stavropol Krai influence of various elements of technology on productivity and quality of grain of a winter wheat of new grades of selection of the North-Cavcasus FARC is studied.

scholarly journals Effects of Post-Anthesis Heat Waves on the Grain Quality of Seven European Wheat Varieties

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Tomás ◽  
Wanda Viegas ◽  
Manuela Silva
Keyword(s):  
Grain Quality ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Marked Variability ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Technological Quality ◽  
First Time

Wheat is undoubtedly one of the most important crops worldwide and it is essential to study how the distinct varieties answer to heat waves associated with climatic changes, in order to design adequate wheat breeding strategies. To assess high temperature (HT) impact in wheat grain characteristics, seven commercial varieties, which have been recommended for production in Portugal, were submitted for one-week HT treatment ten days after anthesis. Firstly, predicted grain technological quality was determined by giving high scores for all varieties studied, based on the allelic compositions of genes encoding high molecular weight glutenins, granule-bound starch synthase and puroindolines. The effects of HT on transcription levels of those genes were, for the first time, evaluated in distinct wheat genotypes, in comparison with control plants. Finally, protein fraction content in mature grains were also estimated in untreated and treated plants. Immature grains from plants, maintained in control conditions, showed significant intervarietal differences in transcription levels of genes associated with grain quality traits, a variability that was significantly reduced in grains from HT treated plants. On the other hand, the influence of HT in mature grain protein-fractions and in gliadin/glutenin ratios revealed intervarietal diversity, even with opposite effects in some varieties. The present study, therefore, discloses marked variability in parameters associated with flour quality between the wheat varieties analyzed, which are differentially affected by HT treatments, similar to heat waves frequently observed in climate change scenarios.

scholarly journals Effect of genotype on semen quality traits of main and reciprocal crossbred chickens

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-39
Author(s):  
U. C. Isaac ◽  
U. H. Udoh ◽  
R. J. Nosike
Keyword(s):  
Reciprocal Cross ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Genetic Constitution ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Breeding Method ◽  
Naked Neck ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Live Sperm

Semen quality of cocks is of utmost importance in reproduction. Breeding method, breed, strain and genetic constitution are the major components of the genetic factors capable of affecting the semen quality of cocks. This research seeks to determine the effect of genotype on the semen quality traits of 272 F crossbred cocks produced at day-old by main and 1 reciprocal crossbreeding of 69 Isa Brown and local frizzle feathered, naked neck and normal feathered chickens. The genotypes of the cocks were Isa Brow x frizzle feathered main cross (IBxF), Isa Brown x naked neck main cross (IBxNa), Isa Brown x normal feathered main cross (IBxN), frizzle feathered x Isa Brown reciprocal cross (FxIB), naked neck x Isa Brown reciprocal cross (NaxIB) and normal feathered x Isa Brown reciprocal cross (NxIB). At 36-40 weeks of age, semen was extracted from the cocks by abdominal  massage technique and used to evaluate semen volume (SV), sperm motility (SM), sperm concentration (SC) and live sperm (LS) at weekly intervals. Data obtained from the evaluation were subjected to analysisof variance and tested at 5% level of probability. Genotypes differed significantly (P <0.05) in SC at 37-40 weeks and in SM and LS at all ages. There was no significant difference (P>0.05) in SV. Regardless of genotype and age, the mean SV, SM, SC and LS ranged from 0.31±0.02 to 0.24±0.01ml, 71.84±1.33 to 58.75±2.16 %, 3.22±0.02 to2.92±0.02 x109/ml and 71.91±1.37 %, respectively. The NxIB and IBxNa genotypes produced largest numericalsemen volume at 37 and 39 weeks of age respectively. Whereas SC and LS were significantly highest for IBxF and IBxN respectively at week 37, SM was so for IBxN at all ages. Further, the LS of IBxN genotype was significantly highest at 36-38 and 40 weeks of age. The exotic Isa Brown and normal feathered main cross cocks exhibited the best semen quality traits among all genotypes studied and should be selected for improvement of the reproductive characteristics of cocks.  

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