scholarly journals Ten Chemical Innovations That Will Change Our World: IUPAC identifies emerging technologies in Chemistry with potential to make our planet more sustainable

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 12-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Gomollón-Bel
Keyword(s):  
Periodic Table ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
100Th Anniversary ◽  
Common Language ◽  
International Union ◽  
Research Education ◽  
150Th Anniversary ◽  
Global Organization ◽  
Isotopic Abundances ◽  
Iupac Commission

Abstract 2019 is a very special year in chemistry. 2019 marks two major anniversaries: the 100th anniversary of the founding of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC), and the 150th anniversary of Dimitri Mendeleev’s first publication on the Periodic Table of Elements [1]. IUPAC is the global organization that, among many other things, established a common language for chemistry—enabling scientific research, education, and trade. In a similar manner, Mendeleev’s system classified all the elements that were known at the time, and even predicted the existence of elements that would only come to be discovered years later. These two anniversaries are closely entwined, as IUPAC has played a major role developing of the modern Periodic Table by ensuring that the most authoritative version of the table is accessible to everyone [2], establishing names and symbols for the newly discovered elements, and also constantly reviewing its accuracy through the IUPAC Commission on Isotopic Abundances and Atomic Weights.

scholarly journals Isotopic Abundances and Atomic Weights: IUPAC Commission II.1 Today

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-26
Author(s):  
Juris Meija
Keyword(s):  
Periodic Table ◽  
Atomic Weight ◽  
Scientific Merit ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Isotopic Abundances ◽  
Iupac Commission

Abstract It is hard to imagine IUPAC without the Periodic Table, and in turn, without atomic weights. As IUPAC celebrates its centennial, its oldest body, the Commission on Isotopic Abundances and Atomic Weights (CIAAW) turns 120. The parent Commission was formed in March 1899 and its inaugural task was to decide the atomic weight standard: should it be based on hydrogen or oxygen? Although the issue was settled in favor of oxygen, when the CIAAW formally joined the IUPAC in 1919, the question of the atomic weight scale was back for debate suggesting that many issues before this Commission transcend their scientific merit. In fact, many view the Periodic Table and changes therein as a part of larger cultural fabric of science so any changes are likely to be debated for a long time.

Social-Scientific Research Competency

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 737-750 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Gess ◽  
Christoph Geiger ◽  
Matthias Ziegler
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Test Scores ◽  
Research Performance ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Research Education ◽  
Crystallized Intelligence ◽  
Research Competency ◽  
Social Scientific Research ◽  
Social Scientific ◽  
Education Courses

Abstract. Although the development of research competency is an important goal of higher education in social sciences, instruments to measure this outcome often depend on the students’ self-ratings. To provide empirical evidence for the utility of a newly developed instrument for the objective measurement of social-scientific research competency, two validation studies across two independent samples were conducted. Study 1 ( n = 675) provided evidence for unidimensionality, expected differences in test scores between differently advanced groups of students as well as incremental validities over and above self-perceived research self-efficacy. In Study 2 ( n = 82) it was demonstrated that the competency measured indeed is social-scientific and relations to facets of fluid and crystallized intelligence were analyzed. Overall, the results indicate that the test scores reflected a trainable, social-scientific, knowledge-related construct relevant to research performance. These are promising results for the application of the instrument in the evaluation of research education courses in higher education.

What Is A Chemical Element?

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Periodic Table ◽  
Chemical Element ◽  
Abstract Concept ◽  
International Union ◽  
Applied Chemistry ◽  
Educational Levels ◽  
Unique Position ◽  
Current State ◽  
Element Carbon ◽  
Definition Of

The term “element” is typically used in two distinct senses. First it is taken to mean isolated simple substances such as the green gas chlorine or the yellow solid sulphur. In some languages, including English, it is also used to denote an underlying abstract concept that subsumes simple substances but possesses no properties as such. The allotropes and isotopes of carbon, for example, all represent elements in the sense of simple substances. However, the unique position for the element carbon in the periodic table refers to the abstract sense of “element.” The dual definition of elements proposed by the International Union for Pure and Applied Chemistry contrasts an abstract meaning and an operational one. Nevertheless, the philosophical aspects of this notion are not fully captured by the IUPAC definition, despite the fact that they were crucial for the construction of the periodic table. This pivotal chemical notion remains ambiguous and such ambiguity raises problems at the epistemic, logical, and educational levels. These aspects are discussed throughout the book, from different perspectives. This collective book provides an overview of the current state of the debate on the notion of chemical element. Its authors are historians of chemistry, philosophers of chemistry, and chemists with epistemological and educational concerns.

Oganesson, Where Art Thou?

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 27-27
Author(s):  
Daniel Rabinovich
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Periodic Table ◽  
Noble Gas ◽  
Press Release ◽  
International Union ◽  
Applied Chemistry

Abstract In a press release dated 30 December 2015, the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) announced that a thorough review by independent experts of the experimental data available for the syntheses of elements 113, 115, 117, and 118 has been concluded, and that the discovery of the four elements completing the 7th row of the periodic table was confirmed. The elemental names and symbols proposed shortly thereafter by the corresponding discovery teams met the criteria prescribed by IUPAC for naming new elements, and nihonium (Nh), moscovium (Mc), tennessine (Ts), and oganesson (Og), became permanent within a few months. As such, the ending of the name of element 118 and its location in the periodic table, below radon in group 18, are consistent with the assumption that oganesson could be regarded as a noble gas.

scholarly journals Coleção de Vetores de Tripanosomatídeos (Fiocruz/COLVET) held at the institution Fiocruz Minas in Brazil: diversity of Triatominae (Hemiptera, Reduviidae) and relevance for research, education, and entomological surveillance

ZooKeys ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1074 ◽  
pp. 17-42
Author(s):  
Raíssa N. Brito ◽  
Rita C. M. Souza ◽  
Liléia Diotaitui ◽  
Valeria S. Lima ◽  
Raquel A. Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Biodiversity Conservation ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Entomological Surveillance ◽  
Educational Activities ◽  
Research Education ◽  
Blood Sucking ◽  
Distribution Ranges ◽  
Support Of Research

The Coleção de Vetores de Tripanosomatídeos (Fiocruz/COLVET), Minas Gerais, Brazil, stands out as one of the most important collections of blood-sucking triatomines, the vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi that causes Chagas disease. The aim is to describe the collection and the services it provides to support scientific research, educational activities, and entomological surveillance between 2013–2019.The data associated with the specimens held in Fiocruz/COLVET is available from the Sistema de Informação sobre a Biodiversidade Brasileira (SiBBr). These specimen metadata were analyzed and either tabulated or plotted on graph and maps. The records of services provided by the collection between 2013–2019 were also categorized and analyzed. There are 12,568 triatomine specimens deposited in the collection that belong to 77 species and 11 genera, from 15 American countries. Of the ~ 65 species of triatomines found in Brazil, 38 (57.6%) are present in the collection, including specimens from all biomes and all but three Brazilian states. The occurrence of Triatoma costalimai, Triatoma lenti, Rhodnius nasutus, and Panstrongylus lenti apparently collected beyond their known distribution ranges are reported and discussed. The collection provided 168 services, supporting educational activities (41.7%), scientific research (35.7%), and regional/national entomological surveillance of triatomines (22.6%). Between the years 2014 and 2020, the number of biological specimens deposited in the Fiocruz/COLVET repository increased from 4,778 to 12,568 triatomine specimens. In addition to its great value to biodiversity conservation, the collection is of great importance because of its support of research and educational activities, and contributions to entomological surveillance, and, therefore, to public health.

Periodic Table of Elements and Chemistry Education: Commemorating the 150th Anniversary of the Publication of Mendeleev's Periodic Table of Elements

Daxue Huaxue ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (12) ◽  
pp. 2-7
Author(s):  
Shuni LI ◽  
◽  
Quanguo ZHAI ◽  
Yucheng JIANG ◽  
Mancheng HU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Periodic Table ◽  
Chemistry Education ◽  
150Th Anniversary

Scientific Research Articles

2021 ◽  
pp. 195-219
Author(s):  
John Blake
Keyword(s):  
Community Of Practice ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Scientific Writing ◽  
Research Articles ◽  
Common Language ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Internal Review ◽  
Publication Success ◽  
Scientific Research Articles ◽  
Research Institute

Error-free scientific research articles are more likely to be accepted for publication than those permeated with errors. This chapter identifies, describes, and explains how to avoid 22 common language errors. Scientists need to master the genre of scientific writing to conform to the generic expectations of the community of practice. Based on a systematic analysis of the pedagogic literature, five categories of errors were identified in scientific research articles namely accuracy, brevity, clarity, objectivity, and formality. To gain a more in-depth understanding of the errors, a corpus investigation of scientific articles was conducted. A corpus of 200 draft research articles submitted for internal review at a research institute with university status was compiled, annotated, and analyzed. This investigation showed empirically the types of errors within these categories that may impinge on publication success. In total, 22 specific types of language errors were identified. These errors are explained, and ways for overcoming each of them are described.

Guidelines for contributors

2002 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 25-25
Author(s):  
Sue Millward
Keyword(s):  
British Journal ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Control Theory ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Research Education ◽  
Exclusive Right

The editors welcome papers that contribute towards the development and understanding of infection control theory and practice. Manuscripts up to 3,000 words that address issues of infection control clinical practice, scientific research, education and management are encouraged. Short papers of between 1.000 and 2,000 words and correspondence (up to a maximum of 300 words) are also welcomed. The British Journal of Infection Control cannot consider articles submitted elsewhere and their exclusive right to the manuscript should be stated in an accompanying letter. Contributors will be asked to assign copyright to the ICNA.

scholarly journals IMIA and its Members: On Balancing Continuity and Transition in Biomedical and Health Informatics

2009 ◽  
Vol 18 (01) ◽  
pp. 01-06
Author(s):  
Peter L. Reichertz
Keyword(s):  
Medical Informatics ◽  
Health Informatics ◽  
Transfer Of Knowledge ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Research Education ◽  
Global Partnership ◽  
Global Organization ◽  
The Right ◽  
Preparatory Work ◽  
Independent Organization

Summary Objective To report on major past (2008) and future (2009 and beyond) activities of IMIA, the International Medical Informatics Association. Method Summarizing discussions and planning activities within IMIA, in particular with respect to its Board and General Assembly meetings in 2008; looking at recent progress of biomedical and health informatics by commenting on IMIA Yearbook surveys and best paper selections. Results Major recent IMIA efforts include preparatory work for Medinfo 2010, global partnership activities in collaboration with WHO, planning activities for shifting to a biennial Medinfo cycle and setting up an IMIA office, all in accordance with IMIA’s longterm strategic plan ‘Towards IMIA 2015’. The IMIA Yearbook of Medical Informatics, published annually since 1992, can be regarded as an important observatory for progress in health and biomedical informatics. Future activities include conference events in 2009 and IMIA’s world congress, Medinfo 2010, finalizing a revision of IMIA’s recommendations on education in biomedical and health informatics, and publication activities to stimulate the transfer of knowledge from theory to practice Conclusions Since its inception in 1967, IMIA has evolved into a truly global organization, in a world where medical informatics has gained in significance and importance for supporting high-quality, efficient health care and for research in biomedicine and in the health sciences. Now in its 5th decade, IMIA’s responsibilities, as well as opportunities, as a global, independent organization have both increased. Finding the right balance between continuity and transition, in order to appropriately support, stimulate, and, to some extent enable high-quality translational communication, research, education, and practice in biomedical and health informatics is a key IMIA challenge.

scholarly journals Isotopic Abundances and Atomic Weights: History of IUPAC Commission II.1 in the ­Service of Chemistry

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-23
Author(s):  
John R. De Laeter
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Importance ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
History Of ◽  
Isotopic Abundances ◽  
Iupac Commission

Abstract Atomic weights are of fundamental importance in science, technology, trade and commerce. In particular, atomic weights relate mass to molar quantities. It is therefore not surprising that the measurement of atomic weights has played a central role in the development of chemistry and continues to be a key component in the progress of discipline.

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