scholarly journals Thermal conditions for geothermal energy exploitation in the Transcarpathian depression and surrounding units

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dušan Majcin ◽  
Roman Kutas ◽  
Dušan Bilčík ◽  
Vladimír Bezák ◽  
Ignat Korchagin

Abstract The contribution presents the results acquired both by direct cognitive geothermic methods and by modelling approaches of the lithosphere thermal state in the region of the Transcarpathian depression and surrounding units. The activities were aimed at the determination of the temperature field distribution and heat flow density distribution in the upper parts of the Earth’s crust within the studied area. Primary new terrestrial heat flow density map was constructed from values determined for boreholes, from their interpretations and from newest outcomes of geothermal modelling methods based on steady-state and transient approaches, and also from other recently gained geophysical and geological knowledge. Thereafter we constructed the maps of temperature field distribution for selected depth levels of up to 5000 m below the surface. For the construction we have used measured borehole temperature data, the interpolation and extrapolation methods, and the modelling results of the refraction effects and of the influences of source type anomalies. New maps and other geothermic data served for the determination of depths with rock temperatures suitable for energy utilization namely production of electric energy minimally by the binary cycles. Consequently the thermal conditions were used to identify the most perspective areas for geothermal energy exploitation in the region under study.

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dušan Majcin ◽  
Miroslav Král ◽  
Dušan Bilčík ◽  
Martin Šujan ◽  
Andrea Vranovská

AbstractThe contribution presents the results of geothermic interpretation approaches applied to measured geothermal data and is focused to determination of the thermal conditions both for application of classic hydrothermal sources exploitation and specialized EGS technologies for electricity production in the region of Slovakia and adjacent areas. Primarily, the heat flow density data and the temperature distribution measurements in boreholes were interpreted by classic 1D interpolation and extrapolation methods. New terrestrial heat flow density map for the studied area was constructed using the values determined in boreholes, their interpretations, the newest outcomes of geothermal modelling methods based both on steady-state and transient heat transfer approaches, and on other recently gained geoscientific knowledge. Thereafter, we constructed the maps of temperature field distribution for selected depth levels up to 6000 m below the surface and the final map of the isothermal surface depths for the reservoir temperature of 160 ◦ C. This final map serves for the appraisal of the effective application of the binary cycle power plant technology in Slovakia in terms of thermal conditions.


2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
Юлия Семенова ◽  
Yuliya Semyonova ◽  
Андрей Рахимянов ◽  
Andrey Rakhimyanov ◽  
Юрий Никитин ◽  
...  

In the paper there is shown the topicality of theoretical researches of processes arising in a surface layer of materials at combined machining methods. The peculiarities of thermal processes development in a surface layer of grey iron at high speed heating are considered. On the basis of the solution of a thermal conductivity differential equation the influence of heat source parameters (heat flow density, coefficient of concentration and movement speed) upon characteristics of a temperature field in a surface layer of material worked. The quantitative correlations of dimensions of an area of phase changes in a surface layer at a constant value of heat flow density and at the ensuring of constancy of maximum temperature value on the surface worked are determined. The characteristics correlation of a temperature field at the change of a coefficient of concentration and flow density of a heat source is revealed.


2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Janilo Santos ◽  
Valiya M. Hamza ◽  
Po-Yu Shen

ABSTRACT. A simple method for measurement of terrestrial heat flow density in wells drawing groundwater from confined aquifers is presented. It requires laboratory determination of thermal resistance but the field work is simple, being limited to measurement of temperature of water at the well mouth during pumping tests.The aquifer temperature (Ta) is calculated from the measured temperature at the well mouth (Tw), the mass flow rate (M) and the depth to the top of the aquifer (H) using the relation(Tw – To) / (Ta – To) = M'R [1 – exp(–1/M'R)]where To is the mean annual surface temperature, R a dimensionless diffusion parameter and M' = MC/KH is the dimensionless mass flow rate, C being the specific heat of water and K the thermal conductivity of the rock formation penetrated by the well. The heat flow density (q) is then calculated from the relationq = (Ta –To) / ∑ n (i=1) Pi Zjwhere Pi is the thermal resistivity of the jth layer of thickness Zi and n the number of layers. The procedure also allow corrections for the influence of thermal conductivity variations oi the wall rocks.This method was used for the determination of heat flow density values for thirteen sites in the northeastern part of the Paraná basin. The mean value obtained is 62±4 mW/m2 in good agreement with the mean of 59±9 mW/m2 obtained by the conventional method for thirteen sites in the Paraná basin. Though similar in principle to the bottom-hole temperature method used in oil wells, the present technique has some inherent advantages. lt is potentially capable of providing a wider geographic representation of heat flow density (being not limited to petroleum fields) and is relatively free of the sampling problems normally encountered in working with oil companies. 0n the other hand the present method may provide unreliable values in the case of wells drawing water from more than one aquifer. RESUMO. Apresenta-se neste trabalho, um método simples para a determinação do fluxo geotérmico em poços em atividade de bombeamento de água subterrânea. O método requer a determinação em laboratório da resistência térmica total das camadas atravessadas pelo poço mas, o trabalho de campo é simples, limitando-se à medida da temperatura da água na boca do poço durante ensaios de bombeamento.A temperatura do aquífero (Ta) é calculada a partir da temperatura da água (TW), medida na boca do poço da vazão (M) expressa em massa  de água produzida pelo poço por unidade de tempo e, da profundidade do topo do aquífero (H) usando-se a relação(Tw – To) / (Ta – To) = M'R [1 – exp(–1/M'R)]onde TO é a temperatura média anual da superfície, R é um parâmetro adimensional de difusão, M' = M C/K H é a vazão adimensional do poço, C é o calor específico da água e, K é a condutividade térmica da rocha atravessada pelo poço. O fluxo geotérmico (q) é calculado pela relaçãoq = (Ta –To) / ∑ n (i=1) Pi Zjonde Pi é a resistência térmica da i-ésima camada de espessura Zi e, n é o número de camadas.O método permite também a introdução de correções da influência das variações de condutividade térmica das paredes do poço.Este método foi utilizado na determinação do fluxo geotérmico em treze localidades no nordeste da Bacia do Paraná. O valor médio obtido foi de 62±4 mW /m2 concordando com o valor médio de 59±9 mW/m2 obtido pelo método convencional de determinação de fluxo geotérmico em treze localidades da Bacia do Paraná. Apesar de ser um método similar ao das temperaturas de fundo de poço usado em poços de petróleo, esta técnica apresenta algumas vantagens. O método é potencialmente capaz de fornecer uma representação geográfica mais ampla do fluxo geotérmico, não estando limitado a campos de produção de petróleo, e é relativamente livre de problemas de amostragem normalmente encontrados quando se trabalha com companhias de petróleo. Por outro lado, este método pode fornecer valores irreais de fluxo geotérmico no caso em que o poço extraia água de mais de um aquífero. 


Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1792
Author(s):  
Bingbing Dong ◽  
Yu Gu ◽  
Changsheng Gao ◽  
Zhu Zhang ◽  
Tao Wen ◽  
...  

In recent years, the new type design of current transformer with bushing structure has been widely used in the distribution network system due to its advantages of miniaturization, high mechanical strength, maintenance-free, safety and environmental protection. The internal temperature field distribution is an important characteristic parameter to characterize the thermal insulation and aging performance of the transformer, and the internal temperature field distribution is mainly derived from the joule heat generated by the primary side guide rod after flowing through the current. Since the electric environment is a transient field and the thermal environment changes slowly with time as a steady field under the actual conditions, it is more complex and necessary to study the electrothermal coupling field of current transformer (CT). In this paper, a 3D simulation model of a new type design of current transformer for distribution network based on electric-thermal coupling is established by using finite element method (FEM) software. Considering that the actual thermal conduction process of CT is mainly by conduction, convection and radiation, three different kinds of boundary conditions such as solid heat transfer boundary condition, heat convection boundary condition and surface radiation boundary condition are applied to the CT. Through the model created above, the temperature rise process and the distribution characteristics of temperature gradient of the inner conductor under different current, different ambient temperatures and different core diameters conditions are studied. Meanwhile, the hottest temperature and the maximum temperature gradient difference are calculated. According to this, the position of weak insulation of the transformer is determined. The research results can provide a reference for the factory production of new type design of current transformer.


AIP Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 075007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruixi Jia ◽  
Qingyu Xiong ◽  
Kai Wang ◽  
Lijie Wang ◽  
Guangyu Xu ◽  
...  

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