scholarly journals Self-assembled liposomal nanoparticles in photodynamic therapy

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Magesh Sadasivam ◽  
Pinar Avci ◽  
Gaurav K. Gupta ◽  
Shanmugamurthy Lakshmanan ◽  
Rakkiyappan Chandran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Drug Delivery Vehicles ◽  
Judicious Choice ◽  
Delivery Vehicles ◽  
Self Assembled ◽  
Liposomal Nanoparticles

AbstractPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) employs the combination of non-toxic photosensitizers (PS) together with harmless visible light of the appropriate wavelength to produce reactive oxygen species that kill unwanted cells. Because many PS are hydrophobic molecules prone to aggregation, numerous drug delivery vehicles have been tested to solubilize these molecules, render them biocompatible and enhance the ease of administration after intravenous injection. The recent rise in nanotechnology has markedly expanded the range of these nanoparticulate delivery vehicles beyond the well-established liposomes and micelles. Self-assembled nanoparticles are formed by judicious choice of monomer building blocks that spontaneously form a well-oriented 3-dimensional structure that incorporates the PS when subjected to the appropriate conditions. This self-assembly process is governed by a subtle interplay of forces on the molecular level. This review will cover the state of the art in the preparation and use of self-assembled liposomal nanoparticles within the context of PDT.

scholarly journals Self-Assembly of Shape-Tunable Oblate Colloidal Particles into Orientationally Ordered Crystals, Glassy Crystals and Plastic Crystals

Soft Matter ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiawei Lu ◽  
Xiangyu Bu ◽  
Xinghua Zhang ◽  
Bing Liu
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structures ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Colloidal Particles ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Fundamental Question ◽  
The Self ◽  
Plastic Crystals ◽  
Self Assembled ◽  
Glassy Crystals ◽  
The Relationship

The shapes of colloidal particles are crucial to the self-assembled superstructures. Understanding the relationship between the shapes of building blocks and the resulting crystal structures is an important fundamental question....

High Yield Assembly of Compliant MEMS Snap Fasteners

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rakesh Murthy ◽  
Aditya N. Das ◽  
Dan O. Popa
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Deformation Energy ◽  
High Yield ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Lab Experiments ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Robotic Cells ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Important Design

Heterogeneous assembly at the microscale has recently emerged as a viable pathway to constructing 3-dimensional microrobots and other miniaturized devices. In contrast to self-assembly, this method is directed and deterministic, and is based on serial or parallel microassembly. Whereas at the meso and macro scales, automation is often undertaken after, and often benchmarked against manual assembly, we demonstrate that deterministic automation at the MEMS scale can be completed with higher yields through the use of engineered compliance and precision robotic cells. Snap fasteners have long been used as a way to exploit the inherent stability of local minima of the deformation energy caused by interference during part mating. In this paper we assume that the building blocks are 2 1/2 -dimensional, as is the case with lithographically microfabricated MEMS parts. The assembly of the snap fasteners is done using μ3, a multi-robot microassembly station with unique characteristics located at our ARRI’s Texas Microfactory lab. Experiments are performed to demonstrate that fast and reliable assemblies can be expected if the microparts and the robotic cell satisfy a so-called “High Yield Assembly Condition” (H.Y.A.C.). Important design trade-offs for assembly and performance of microsnap fasteners are discussed and experimentally evaluated.

Self-Assembly of Proteins into Three-Dimensional Structures Using Bio-Conjugation

2014 ◽  
Vol 1663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garima Thakur ◽  
Kovur Prashanthi ◽  
Thomas Thundat
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Gold Surface ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Base Layer ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Molecular Building Blocks ◽  
Ring Structures ◽  
Self Assembled

ABSTRACTSelf–assembly of molecular building blocks provides an interesting route to produce well-defined chemical structures. Tailoring the functionalities on the building blocks and controlling the time of self-assembly could control the properties as well as the structure of the resultant patterns. Spontaneous self-assembly of biomolecules can generate bio-interfaces for myriad of potential applications. Here we report self-assembled patterning of human serum albumin (HSA) protein in to ring structures on a polyethylene glycol (PEG) modified gold surface. The structure of the self-assembled protein molecules and kinetics of structure formation entirely revolved around controlling the nucleation of the base layer. The formation of different sizes of ring patterns is attributed to growth conditions of the PEG islands for bio-conjugation. These assemblies might be beneficial in forming structurally ordered architectures of active proteins such as HSA or other globular proteins.

A modular approach towards drug delivery vehicles using oxanorbornane-based non-ionic amphiphiles

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (48) ◽  
pp. 8025-8032 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Sirisha Janni ◽  
U. Chandrasekhar Reddy ◽  
Soumya Saroj ◽  
K. M. Muraleedharan
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
The Self ◽  
Head Group ◽  
Modular Approach ◽  
Drug Delivery Vehicles ◽  
Delivery Vehicles ◽  
Drug Delivery Applications ◽  
Supramolecular Aggregates

The self-assembly of non-ionic amphiphiles with hydroxylated oxanorbornane head-group was controlled using amino acid units as spacers between hydrophilic and lipophilic domains to get spherical supramolecular aggregates suitable for drug delivery applications.

Self-assembled 4-(1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)aniline based nanoparticles: podophyllotoxin and aloin as building blocks

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 1106-1109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaia Fumagalli ◽  
Michael S. Christodoulou ◽  
Benedetta Riva ◽  
Inigo Revuelta ◽  
Cristina Marucci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Self Assembled

The ability of 4-(1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)aniline as a self-assembly inducer is reported.

Self-assembled atomically thin hybrid conjugated polymer perovskites with two-dimensional structure

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (31) ◽  
pp. 8405-8410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Furkan H. Isikgor ◽  
Chilla Damodara Reddy ◽  
Mengsha Li ◽  
Hikmet Coskun ◽  
Bichen Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Conjugated Polymer ◽  
The Self ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Self Assembled

2D hybrid perovskites are formed through the self assembly of polyaniline with PbI6 octahedra.

Carbon Nanotubes as Drug Delivery Vehicles

2014 ◽  
Vol 222 ◽  
pp. 145-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shweta Arora ◽  
Vanish Kumar ◽  
Shriniwas Yadav ◽  
Sukhbir Singh ◽  
Deepika Bhatnagar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
Drug Delivery Vehicles ◽  
Toxicological Profile ◽  
Drug Doses ◽  
Delivery Vehicles ◽  
Novel Drug

Various biomedical applications of nanomaterials have been proposed in the last few years leading to the emergence of a new field in diagnostics and therapeutics. Most of these applications involve the administration of nanoparticles into patients. Carbon Nanotubes are enjoying increasing popularity as building blocks for novel drug delivery systems as well as for bioimaging and biosensing. The recent strategies to functionalize carbon nanotubes have resulted in the generation of biocompatible and water-soluble carbon nanotubes that are well suited for high treatment efficacy and minimum side effects for future cancer therapies with low drug doses. The toxicological profile of such carbon nanotube systems developed as nanomedicines will have to be determined prior to any clinical studies undertaken.

scholarly journals Reorganization of Self-Assembled DNA-Based Polymers Using Orthogonally Addressable Building Blocks

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serena Gentile ◽  
Erica Del Grosso ◽  
Leonard J. Prins ◽  
Francesco Ricci
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Rational Design ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Binding Domain ◽  
Non Covalent Interactions ◽  
Sticky Ends ◽  
Self Assembled ◽  
Block Structures ◽  
Covalent Interactions

Taking advantage of the addressability and programmability of DNA/DNA non-covalent interactions we report here the rational design of orthogonal DNA-based addressable tiles that self-assemble into polymer-like structures that can be reconfigured and reorganized by external inputs. The different tiles share the same 5-nucleotide sticky ends responsible for self-assembly but are rationally designed to contain a specific regulator-binding domain that can be orthogonally targeted by different DNA regulator strands (activators and inhibitors). We show that by sequentially adding specific activators and inhibitors it is possible to re-organize in a dynamic and reversible way the formed polymer-like structures to display well-defined distributions: homopolymers made of a single tile, random polymers in which different tiles are distributed randomly and block structures in which the tiles are organized in segments.

scholarly journals Mono-patchy zwitterionic microcolloids as building blocks for pH-controlled self-assembly

Soft Matter ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 2430-2438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Naderi Mehr ◽  
Dmitry Grigoriev ◽  
Nikolay Puretskiy ◽  
Alexander Böker
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Free Surfaces ◽  
Patchy Particles ◽  
Self Assembled ◽  
Oppositely Charged ◽  
Ph Controlled

Not only in theory but also experimentally, mono-patchy particles can be self-assembled via pH-controlled electrostatic attractions between their oppositely charged patchy and patch-free surfaces.

scholarly journals Multilayer Self-Assemblies as Electronic and Optical Materials

1997 ◽  
Vol 488 ◽  
Author(s):  
DeQuan Li ◽  
M. Lütt ◽  
Xiaobo Shi ◽  
M. R. Fitzsimmons
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Film Growth ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Layer Growth ◽  
The Self ◽  
Growth Surface ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Self Assembled ◽  
Average Electron

AbstractThe layer-by-layer growth of film structures consisting of sequential depositions of oppositely charged polymers and macrocycles (ring-shaped molecules) have been constructed using molecular self-assembly techniques. These self-assembled thin films were characterized with X-ray reflectometry, which yielded (1) the average electron density, (2) the average thicknesses, and (3) the roughness of the growth surface of the self-assembled multilayer of macrocycles and polymers. These observations suggest that inorganic-organic interactions play an important role during the initial stages of thin-film growth, but less so as the thin film becomes thicker. Optical absorption techniques were also used to characterize the self-assembled multilayers. Phorphyrin and phthalocyanine derivatives were chosen as the building blocks of the self-assembled multilayers because of their interesting optical properties.

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