Crisippo e l’ἐπελευστικὴ κίνησις: una tappa della polemica anti–accademica?

Elenchos ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 383-400
Author(s):  
Manuel Mazzetti

Abstract The purpose of this paper is to identify the upholders of the thesis reported by Plutarch, De Stoicorum repugnantiis 23, aimed to reject Stoic determinism. A brief introduction will be devoted to the relationship between this text and the more general context of the Stoic philosophy. Then, I will take into account the objection against Stoic determinism raised by some anonymous philosophers: according to it, causal determinism would be inconsistent with the choice among indistinguishables. Chrysippus replied that if that choice were not determined, it would occur without causes; and this would be absurd. Then I will summarize the most likely hypotheses about the identification of Chrysippus’ opponents, and I will opt for Academics. Finally, I will try to conjecture the link between Plutarch’s passage and the debate among Stoics and Academics about indistinguishables, as we know it from other sources.

2016 ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Mariana Giaretto ◽  
Victoria Naffa

ResumenEn este trabajo analizamos las relaciones entre tomas de tierras y Estado, en elAlto Valle de Río Negro en Argentina. En un contexto general de especulacióninmobiliaria, por la que se encarecen los precios de alquileres y terrenos, y depolíticas de vivienda selectivas y acotadas, los sectores populares acceden aun espacio en la ciudad mediante tomas de tierras. Frente a estos conflictos,el Estado, en sus diferentes niveles y poderes, despliega una forma deintervención basada en la criminalización de las luchas por tierra y vivienda.Al mismo tiempo, el poder ejecutivo nacional crea la Secretaría de Acceso alHábitat, para posibilitar la intervención política orientada a la regularizaciónde los asentamientos. Sin embargo, esta intervención tiende a reinscribir laproblemática habitacional en el campo político, para reducirla a un conflicto“entre partes”, eludiendo la responsabilidad estatal.Desde un enfoque metodológico cualitativo, seleccionamos como referenteempírico el caso del asentamiento de Villa Obrera en Fiske, Menuco (Gral.Roca), y las técnicas de recolección de datos se basan en fuentes secundarias,como expedientes judiciales y normativa, y en fuentes primarias como son losrelatos de los protagonistas mediante entrevistas individuales y colectivas.Palabras clave: tomas de tierras, Estado, criminalización de los conflictos.Conflicts caused by land occupation and modesof State intervention: analysis of an experience ofAlto Valle in Río Negro (Argentina)AbstractThis paper analyzes the relationship between State and land occupation,at Alto Valle in Río Negro, Argentina. In a general context of real estatespeculation, where rents and land prices are expensive, and a policy ofselective and limited housing, popular sectors can have access to a spacein the city through land occupation. In front of these conflicts, the Statein its different levels and powers, displays a form of intervention basedon the criminalization of struggles for land and housing. At the sametime, the national executive creates the Secretariat of Access to Habitat,oriented to allow political intervention for the regularization of settlements.However, this intervention tends to re-register the housing problems in thepolitical arena, reducing it to a conflict “between parties” and eluding theresponsibility of the State.From a qualitative methodological approach, we selected as empirical referencethe case of the settlement of Villa Obrera in Fiske, Menuco (GeneralRoca). The techniques of data collection are based on secondary sources, suchas policy and legal records, and primary sources as the stories of protagoniststhrough individual and collective interviews.Keywords: land occupation, State, criminalization of conflicts.Conflitos sobre ocupações de terras e modos deintervenção do estado: análise de uma experiênciado Alto Valle do Rio Preto (Argentina)ResumoEste trabalho analisa as relações entre a posse de terra e o Estado, no AltoValle do Rio Preto, na Argentina. Num contexto geral da especulaçãoimobiliária, por qual se encarecem os preços do aluguel e das terras, e depolíticas de habitação seletivas e limitadas, os setores populares acedem aum espaço na cidade através de ocupações de terras. Frente a estes conflitos,o Estado, em seus diferentes níveis e poderes, desenvolve uma forma deintervenção com base na criminalização das lutas pela terra e vivenda. Aomesmo tempo, o poder executivo nacional cria a Secretaria de Acesso àHabitat para possibilitar à intervenção política orientada a regularização dosassentamentos. No entanto, esta intervenção tende a registrar os problemasde habitação no campo político, para reduzi-la a um conflito “entre aspartes”, iludindo a responsabilidade do Estado.A partir de uma abordagem metodológica qualitativa, foi selecionado comoreferência empírica o caso do Assentamento de Villa Obrera em Fiske,Menuco (Gral. Roca), e as técnicas de recolecção de dados são baseados emfontes secundárias, como expedientes judiciais e normativos, e em fontes primárias como são as histórias dos protagonistas através de entrevistasindividuais e coletivas.Palavras-chave: tomada de terras, Estado, criminalização dos conflitos.


1980 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 1325-1332 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Bondy ◽  
R. C. Entringer

The relationship between the lengths of cycles in a graph and the degrees of its vertices was first studied in a general context by G. A. Dirac. In [5], he proved that every 2-connected simple graph on n vertices with minimum degree d contains a cycle of length at least min{2d, n};. Dirac's theorem was subsequently strengthened in various directions in [7], [6], [13], [12], [2], [1], [11], [8], [14], [15] and [16].Our aim here is to investigate another aspect of this relationship, namely how the lengths of the cycles in a 2-connected graph depend on the maximum degree. Let us denote by ƒ(n, d) the largest integer k such that every 2-connected simple graph on n vertices with maximum degree d contains a cycle of length at least k. We prove in Section 2 that, for d ≧ 3 and n ≧ d + 2,


2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 253-312
Author(s):  
David Durand-Guédy

AbstractThis article deals with the history of Isfahan during the five centuries between the arrival of the Turks and the beginning of the Safavid period. It attempts to identify the continuities and ruptures from three different perspectives: To what extent can we speak of an urban decline? What was the relationship of the Isfahanis with the imperial rulers? How did the general context impact the makeup and the organisation of the society? It appears that Isfahan demonstrated remarkable resilience over the period, and that it is only beginning with the Timurid period that we can speak of a decline. Likewise, there is remarkable continuity in the ways in which the local elites collaborated with or resisted the imperial players. The role of the Ṣāʿid family, which held the cadial function over four centuries, is emblematic in this respect. Conversely, under special circumstances, the imperial players were able to exert great substantial influence on the local communities, and it is this political backing which explains the strengthening of the Hanafis in the sixth/twelfth century, and that of the Shiis in the following. One of the main accomplishments of this synthesis view of Isfahan history is that it assesses the effects of the Mongol domination relative to that of other periods.


Author(s):  
Jarred A. Mercer

This chapter explores Hilary of Poitiers’s use of “divine image” language. Through this investigation, this chapter demonstrates how Hilary’s trinitarian anthropology takes on a particular Christological form. For Hilary, Christ is the locative expression of normative divine-human relations, and this is uniquely articulated by Hilary within the context of Christ’s suffering and human experience, the most controversial aspect of his thought. This chapter also discusses Hilary’s view of the relationship of the body and soul. In these interrelated concepts of the divine-human image, the body and soul, and Christ’s suffering, Hilary’s trinitarian anthropology carries its prime polemical weight and yields perhaps its most creative theological constructs. Here Hilary’s trinitarian anthropology is both expressed and lived out in the human condition, so that the “image of the invisible God” not only reveals divinity to humanity, but humanity to itself. This chapter also provides an extensive discussion of Hilary’s appropriation of Stoic philosophy.


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Viktotrovna Stoyanova

The paper is devoted to the questions of metaphor as a linguistic means and cognitive mechanism for creating a humorous effect in Bulgarian media texts. There is a similarity between the nature of metaphors and the humor, the ability of perception which refers to the evolutionary acquisition. The relationship of metaphor and humor is manifested in the comparison of the contradictory and the combination of the disproportionate. The humorous effect created by the metaphor in the media discourse is included in the general context and is the result of deliberate efforts, in accordance with pragmatic, linguistic and cultural settings. Despite the universality of humor and metaphor, the interpretation of knowledge, modeled by a comic metaphor, is governed by the sociocultural factor. The implicit functions of the metaphor fit into the functional and pragmatic parameters of media discourse, making the metaphor an integral part of media speech. The collected material allows us to conclude that there are single comic metaphors in Bulgarian media texts, or metaphors create the humorous effect of a fragment / whole media text based on one or more metaphorical models. Increasingly, in a modern Bulgarian media discourse, a metaphor is implemented as a construct script for the semantic development of the text.


2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (01) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Monther Eldaia ◽  
Saddam Ali Shatnawi ◽  
Mustafa Mohamad Hanefah ◽  
Ainulashikin Binti Marzuki

The moderating effect of Shariah Committee Quality (SCQ) on the relationship between Audit Committee (AC) characteristics and Malaysian Takaful performance remains a challenge that is yet to be resolved. Malaysia plays a leader role in Muslim countries in Islamic Finance especially in Takaful industry and Shariah committee roles and duties. AC characteristics have a significant effect on corporate financial performance. The fundamental AC role is to supervise the corporate’s financial reporting practice, review of financial reports, auditing practice, internal accounting controls, and risk management practices. AC characteristics plays a crucial role in the overall Malaysian Takaful companies which is supposed to enhance financial performance. Hence, SCQ as part of the internal governance structure and control body of the institution, thereby, ensure Shariah compliance in all transactions and activities, and enhancing the credibility of institutions in the eyes of its shareholders and customers. SCQ can potentially moderate the relationship between AC and Malaysian Takaful performance. As an important mechanism of Corporate Governance (CG), In addition, agency theory and stewardship theory were used to develop the hypotheses.  Several results of the previous literature were found fraternized, and inconsistent regarding the SCQ effect on firm performance or its effect on AC characteristics in general context, while the literature on Malaysia context remain scarce. It is expected that this SCQ moderation may considerably improve corporate performance by determining the strength or weakness of the relationship between AC characteristics and firm performance. Therefore, this paper conceptualized that ‘SCQ’ moderates the relationship between AC Chairman Specialization, Shariah Background, AC Independence and Meeting frequency, and Malaysian Takaful performance.


2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-39
Author(s):  
VASILE BERINDE ◽  
◽  
STEFAN MARUSTER ◽  
IOAN A. RUS ◽  
◽  
...  

The main aim of this note is to investigate empirically the relationship between the spectral radius of the derivative of a function f : Rm → Rm and the spectral radius of the derivatives of its iterates, which is done by means of some numerical experiments for mappings of two and more variables. In this way we give a partial answer to an open problem raised in [Rus, I. A., Remark on a La Salle conjecture on global asymptotic stability, Fixed Point Theory, 17 (2016), No. 1, 159–172] and [Rus, I. A., A conjecture on global asymptotic stability, communicated at the Workshop ”Iterative Approximation of Fixed Points”, SYNASC2017, Timis¸oara, 21-24 September 2017] and also illustrate graphically the importance and difficulty of this problem in the general context. An open problem regarding the domains of convergence is also proposed.


1997 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 724-743 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfredo Mordechai Rabello

Justinian, in his Corpus Iuris Civilis, showed great interest in the Samaritans, in the context of his lifelong effort to make Orthodox Christianity the prevailing faith of the Roman empire. In general, Justinian's relationship to non-Catholic religions was one of discrimination and degradation. The Samaritans were subjected to especially harsh treatment and repressive legislation, due to their sanguinary rebellions. This cycle of repression and rebellion had dire economic consequences in Palestine for the entire general population, including Christians, and contributed to the general population's dissatisfaction with Imperial policy.In the Theodosian Code, the first official collection of Imperial constitutions, Samaritan-related legislation was grouped together with legislation related to Jews and Caelicolae, in the general context of the relationship between the Empire and the Church.


2020 ◽  
pp. 208-219
Author(s):  
O. Tilmak

At the present stage of investigative activities modernization, there is a need to improve the methodological support of pre-trial investigation of criminal offenses. The investigating authorities of the pre-trial investigation of the National Police of Ukraine have a large number of methods in their arsenal; however, there are methods that have not found a theoretical and methodological justification and description. Among these methods the method of factual analysis it should be highlighted. The author considers the factual analysis as a method of extracting facts (or individual elements, parts, parts of factual data) from an array of criminal offense data for their further aggregation (holistic association) and establishing the degree of evidence. The article deals with an algorithm for applying the method of factual analysis during the pre-trial investigation of criminal offenses. It is determined the main tasks and the main conditions for their quality solution at the preparatory, main and final stages of the implementation of the method. It is noted that in the general context, the algorithm for the implementation of the method of methodological analysis occurs in five interrelated areas of activity of subjects of pre-trial investigation, namely: search-forming, primary factor analysis, program and factographic, presentation and secondary factor analysis. It is noted that during the pre-trial investigation of a criminal offense, the application of the method of factual analysis will allow: 1) to clarify the components (parts, segments, elements) of the actual data due to the multidimensional presentation of logical connections; 2) to identify the components (parts, segments, elements) associated with a criminal offense; 3) to identify the relationship between the components (parts, segments, elements) of the actual data; 4) to identify various non-obvious (hidden) connections and graphically interpret the degree of intensity of these connections; 5) to investigate the internal structure of the components (parts, parts, elements) of the actual data; 6) graphically represent the relationship between the various components (parts, segments, elements) of the actual data; 7) conduct multidimensional comparisons of components (parts, parts, elements) – from two to four; 8) to identify the relationships of individual factors that have causal relationships; 9) to systematize a large array of data and their components (parts, parts, elements), etc. Therefore, the expected results from the process of applying the method of factual analysis is that it will contribute to the factual proof that the available body of evidence about the facts and circumstances of the criminal offense are appropriate, permissible and reliable evidence; interconnected and sufficient to make an appropriate procedural decision.


2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-146
Author(s):  
Raluca-Daniela Răduț

In this paper we shall focus on the impact of Scandinavian literature in Romanian culture. The area of interest is poetry in a general context as it was perceived in Europe and especially in Romania. The period under analysis is 1848-1941. The paper is structured as follows: the initial part aims at an overview of the evolution of the Norwegian poems along the centuries. The second part of the paper presents an interview by Florin Dan Prodan in the magazine called „Mixul de cultură” (“Culture mix”), where the Norwegian poet Øystein Hauge talks about the relationship between European and Norwegian culture. The third part encompasses an overview upon Scandinavian poetry translated in Romania. Moreover, the Norwegian poets, Knut Hamsun, Astrid Hjertenæs Andersen, Rolf Jacobsen and Sigbjørn Obstfelder, have attracted the attention of the Romanian translators. In addition, we shall present also an article about Sigbjørn Obstfelder – „Un poet original: Sigbjørn Obstfelder” (“An original poet: Sigbjørn Obstfelder”) – written by Romanescu Marcel in „Flamura” magazine. Swedish and Danish poems were also translated in the Romanian anthology „Poezie nordică modernă”. In the last part of the paper there are presented a few Romanian translators such as Veronica Porumbacu, Taşcu Gheorghiu and others who have contributed at creating an intercultural bridge.


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