scholarly journals The Impact of Damage in Inconel 718 on Hardness Measured by the Vickers Method

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 (7) ◽  
pp. 69-79
Author(s):  
Maciej Malicki ◽  
Bartosz Madejski
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Inconel 718 ◽  
Variable Cross Section ◽  
Damage Parameter ◽  
Variable Cross ◽  
Cross Section Area ◽  
Hardness Tests ◽  
Section Area ◽  
Individual Specimen ◽  
The Impact

Abstract To prevent failure of machine components it is necessary to measure material damage generated in a component throughout its entire lifetime. Damage can be quantified by means of damage parameters. This paper considers the usefulness of hardness measurements to evaluate damage parameter in Inconel 718. Vickers hardness tests were performed on a specimen with a variable cross section area after tensile testing. The specimen’s geometry enabled the evaluation of damage parameter in respect of hardness measurements made on one individual specimen.

Simulation and Analysis on Operating Characteristics of Central Exhaust System in High-Rise Residential

2012 ◽  
Vol 614-615 ◽  
pp. 656-664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gang Li ◽  
Yue Ren Wang ◽  
Guo Hui Feng ◽  
Ming Zhi Jiang ◽  
Qian Liu
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Exhaust System ◽  
Variable Cross Section ◽  
Maximum Pressure ◽  
Variable Cross ◽  
Main Duct ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Cross Section Area ◽  
Section Area ◽  
Operation Rate

Operating characteristics of variable cross section area of main duct in the main-branch central exhaust system was simulated based on various stories, operation rate and cross section area of main duct by FLUENT. The results show that there are certain obvious induced flow in the lower part of the system when the users in the upper floor work in the central exhaust system,and the internal pressure of main duct appears low- high-low trend in the system from the bottom to the top floor. The maximum pressure position is not in the bottom, but in the middle and lower floor of the system, where is the most disadvantageous floors of the exhaust system. It indicates that 400 mm x 500 mm is the necessary cross section area of main exhaust duct for 10 layers buildings,and 400 mm x 750 mm is the necessary one for 20 layers buildings.

A unified procedure for the vibration analysis of elastically restrained Timoshenko beams with variable cross sections

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-47
Author(s):  
Gang Wang ◽  
Wen L. Li ◽  
Wanyou Li ◽  
Zhihua Feng ◽  
Junfang Ni
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Vibration Analysis ◽  
Variable Cross Section ◽  
Variable Cross ◽  
Timoshenko Beams ◽  
Unified Approach ◽  
Cross Section Area ◽  
Section Area ◽  
Elastically Restrained

A generalized analytical method is developed for the vibration analysis of Timoshenko beams with elastically restrained ends. For a beam with any variable cross section along the lengthwise direction, the finite element method is the only unified approach to handle those kinds of problems, since the analytical solutions could not be obtained by the governing equations when the cross section area and the second moment of area changing variably lengthwise. In this article, a unified approach is proposed to study the Timoshenko beam with any variable cross sections. The cross section area and second moment of area of the beam are both expanded into cosine series, which are mathematically capable of representing any variable cross section. The translational displacement and rotation of cross section are expressed in the Fourier series by adding some admissible functions which are used to handle the elastic boundary conditions with more accuracy and high convergence rate. By using Hamilton's principle, the eigenvalues and the coefficients of the Fourier series are both obtained. Some examples are presented to illustrate the excellent accuracy of this method. Analytical solutions of the vibration of the beam are achieved for different combinations of boundary conditions including classical and elastically restrained ones. The derived results can be used as benchmark solutions for testing approximate or numerical methods used for the vibration analysis of Timoshenko beams with any variable cross section.

Heat Transfer Characteristic Inside Two-Pass Variable Cross-Section Channels With Ribs and Bleed Holes

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangyun Liu ◽  
Shuiting Ding ◽  
Zhi Tao ◽  
Guoqiang Xu
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Transfer Characteristic ◽  
Reynolds Numbers ◽  
Variable Cross Section ◽  
Heat Transfer Process ◽  
Variable Cross ◽  
Relative Roughness ◽  
Cross Section Area ◽  
Section Area

Heat transfer characteristics were experimentally studied for two-pass channels with variable cross-section with and without ribs. Rectangular ribs were placed symmetrically on two opposite walls with attack angles of 90° and 60° to the main flow. The bleed holes were only distributed on the rib roughened surface along the second pass. The cross-section area of the channel varied in the way that it increased along the first pass and decreased along the second. The relative roughness heights were 0.092 and 0.123; the relative roughness pitches were 10 and 20. The experiments were carried out at Reynolds numbers from 7100 to 60000. Analysis of the experimental results may lead to the following conclusions: (1) The heat transfer was enhanced by the presence of variable cross section. (2) The 60° ribs was not necessarily the optimistic option as published in the literature, test showed that 90° ribs produced a hither heat transfer for the relative roughness height of 0.092. (3) For up to 30% of bleeding were outlet, the existence of bleed holes enhanced the heat transfer process.

scholarly journals Development of a Micro Swimming Robot Using Optimised Giant Magnetostrictive Thin Films

2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Zhang ◽  
G. Liu ◽  
H. Li
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Variable Cross Section ◽  
Variable Cross ◽  
Propulsive Force ◽  
Fish Robot ◽  
Caudal Fin ◽  
Cross Section Area ◽  
Section Area ◽  
Micro Robot

A fish-like swimming micro robot is developed using an optimised fin actuator made of giant magnetostrictive films (GMFs). The force oscillation dynamic model of a GMF cantilever with variable cross-section area is derived, and the propulsive model of the fish robot in liquid is established. A discrete variate method for optimising caudal fin configuration is proposed to optimise its propulsive force and drive efficiency under the constraints of fixed surface area and sufficient fin end strength. Both theoretical analysis and experimental results have confirmed that the optimised caudal fin configuration can generate more powerful propulsion and improved efficiency.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF RUNNER CROSS-SECTION ON AIR ENTRAPMENT IN PRESSURE DIE CASTS VOLUME

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (2) ◽  
pp. 4491-4495
Author(s):  
STEFAN GASPAR ◽  
◽  
JAN MAJERNIK ◽  
TOMAS CORANIC ◽  
JAN PASKO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Variable Cross Section ◽  
System Structure ◽  
Variable Cross ◽  
Gating System ◽  
Air Entrapment ◽  
Porosity Reduction ◽  
Cross Section Area ◽  
Section Area

Technology of metal die casting is characterized by production of casts complicated as to shape yet with positive mechanical properties and with high repeatability of production. However, casts are porous to a certain extent which eventually reduces their mechanical properties. One of the significant methods of porosity reduction of casts rests in correct design of a gating system. The submitted paper studies the influence of cross-section area of a runner on air entrapped in the cast volume. Seven alternatives of runners with the identical structural organization and variable cross-section area were compared. In case of a gating system design there was an assumption made that the runner with the largest cross section would deliver the lowest possible velocity to the melt before reaching the runner which would result in the lowest possible values of air entrapment. The air entrapment in the cast volume is evaluated behind the cores which were evaluated as critical points with regards to further processing. The results reached during examination of the melt flowing through runners proved the aforementioned assumption, yet the values of air entrapment in die casts volume did not show remarkable differences. In its final part, the paper clarifies the reached results and recommendations which should be taken into consideration when designing the gating system structure.

scholarly journals Eco-friendly technology of manufacturing complex products made of composites

2019 ◽  
Vol 140 ◽  
pp. 02004
Author(s):  
Aleksey Ignatov ◽  
Rustam Subkhankulov
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Variable Cross Section ◽  
Variable Cross ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Technological Support ◽  
The Impact

Numerous studies in application of modern composite materials show that their advantages can be successfully implemented in manufacturing «smart» products. This study proposes an improved technological method of manufacturing multilayer environmentally friendly products with a variable cross section, which allows us to expand the possibilities of using modern polymer composite materials (PCM). The technology allows manufacturing products of the most complex geometric shapes, such as wind turbine blades. The aim of the study is the technological support of engineering production in the manufacture of multilayer products of variable cross section made from PCM. Scientific novelty consists in identifying the patterns of implementation and management of the manufacturing process of multilayer products of variable cross-section, and establishing the influence of structural and technological parameters of the manufacturing process on their operational characteristics. The relationship between the pressure of a hot directed air stream and the volume fraction of pores in the hardened material of a multilayer composite product with a variable cross section during layer-by-layer application is investigated. During the study, fundamental and applied principles of mechanical engineering technology, material resistance, adhesion theory, mathematical statistics tools and software were used to process the results of the experiment. Based on the results of laboratory studies, a methodology has been developed for effective prediction of pore content in the manufacturing of composite products. The introduction of the presented technology and the corresponding original methodology into production will reduce the complexity and energy costs of manufacturing composite products, improve their quality and reduce the impact of toxic components from composite materials on workers.

Effect of Die Pressure and Injection Speed on Rheo-Die Casting of A356-SiC Composite

2019 ◽  
Vol 947 ◽  
pp. 190-194
Author(s):  
Charinrat Potisawang ◽  
Sukangkana Talangkun
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Brinell Hardness ◽  
Die Casting ◽  
Maximum Hardness ◽  
Injection Speed ◽  
Solution Treated ◽  
Cross Section Area ◽  
Hardness Tests ◽  
Section Area ◽  
Micron Particle

In this study, effect of die pressure and injection speed on hardness and microstructure in rheo-die casting of A356-SiC composite was investigated. The master A356-SiC composite was first produced by the mechanically stirred casting. SiC-15 micron particle was added 15 wt% in the molten A356. Master composites were then remelted at 610-615 °C. Then the slurry was transferred to a ladle and injected into the die. The Injection speeds were 3 and 4 m/s and die pressures were 11 and 12 MPa. Slurry was injected into a rod of 16×15.6×205 mm. Samples were then subjected to T6 treatment: solution treated at 540 °C for 1 h, water quenched then aged at 135 °C for 12 h. The result showed that hardness increased with increasing both speed and die pressure. At speed of 3 m/s and die pressure of 11 MPa which was an injection condition recommended for the molten A356, rheo-casted sample exhibited uneven filling at the end of the rod. When both speed and die pressure increased, samples were successfully and evenly filled the die cavities. Brinell hardness tests were performed in both as-rheo casted and T6 conditions. In as-rheo casted condition, the maximum hardness value of 82.16 HB obtained from a sample rheo-casted with speed of 4 m/s and die pressure of 12 MPa. A microstructure in cross section area of a rod revealed a uniform distribution of SiC particles in the A356 matrix. After T6, hardness value of composites increased approximately 15.6%.

scholarly journals Exact Longitudinal Vibration Characteristics of Rods with Variable Cross-Sections

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 555-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bulent Yardimoglu ◽  
Levent Aydin
Keyword(s):  
Differential Equation ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Longitudinal Vibration ◽  
Transformation Method ◽  
Variable Cross ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Section Area ◽  
Section Area ◽  
Sinusoidal Functions

Longitudinal natural vibration frequencies of rods (or bars) with variable cross-sections are obtained from the exact solutions of differential equation of motion based on transformation method. For the rods having cross-section variations as power of the sinusoidal functions ofax+b, the differential equation is reduced to associated Legendre equation by using the appropriate transformations. Frequency equations of rods with certain cross-section area variations are found from the general solution of this equation for different boundary conditions. The present solutions are benchmarked by the solutions available in the literature for the special case of present cross-sectional variations. Moreover, the effects of cross-sectional area variations of rods on natural characteristics are studied with numerical examples.

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