scholarly journals Climate sensitivity of radial growth in Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) under different CO2 concentrations

2016 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aysan Badraghi ◽  
Radek Pokorný ◽  
Kateřina Novosadová ◽  
Justina Pietras ◽  
Michal V. Marek
Keyword(s):  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Tree Ring Width ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Concentrations ◽  
Earlywood Width ◽  
Spearman’S Correlation ◽  
Precipitation And Temperature

Abstract This investigation examined the effects of two different carbon dioxide concentrations ([CO2]): Ambient (A, 385 μmol (CO2) mol−1) and elevated (E, A+385 μmol (CO2) mol−1)) on the tree-ring width and early to latewood proportion in Norway spruce for seven years (2006-2012). Further, to improve our understanding of the influence of climatic variables, we assessed the effects of precipitation and temperature. Our observations showed that spruce trees growing under elevated CO2 (EC) formed less early (p > 0.05) and latewood (p < 0.05) and hence smaller annual increments (p > 0.05) than trees in ambient CO2 (AC). Early to latewood proportion was nearly 73% and 75% in AC and EC, respectively. In both CO2 concentrations, the largest tree-rings and earlywood width was observed during 2009 and 2010, which is coincident with the highest precipitation in May (2010) and the highest air temperature in April (2009). Moreover, to determine the association between the latewood formation and air temperature during the second half of the growing season, and correlation between the earlywood formation and precipitation during the first half of the growing season we run Spearman’s correlation test, the determination coefficient values for latewood formation were r = 0.45 (AC) and r = 0.68 (EC), and for earlywood formation were r = 0.53 (AC) and r = 0.42 (EC), although coefficient values were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Also, our study indicated that temperature had stonger influence than precipitation in EC, but in AC precipitation had the strongest effect on radial growth.

scholarly journals Radial growth of Scots pine and Norway spruce stands as an indicator of soil and environmental conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 875 (1) ◽  
pp. 012074
Author(s):  
B Aparin ◽  
B Babikov ◽  
D Zolotukhin ◽  
E Mingareeva
Keyword(s):  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Tree Ring Width ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Cyclical Pattern ◽  
Spruce Stands ◽  
Successive Change

Abstract The study presents an analysis of radial growth of Scots pine and Norway spruce trees growing on drained soils formed on varved clays at the sample sites of the Lisino Experimental Forestry (Lisino). Based on dendrochronological studies in Lisino, it has been found that the radial growth of Scots pine and Norway spruce is a sensitive indicator of changes in the soil water regime, climate, and phytocenotic relationships. On the basis of the character of tree-ring width growth, the growth charts allowed distinguishing zones with close to average growth values, as well as with increased and decreased values of radial growth. The cyclical pattern of tree ring width is well expressed in the successive change of zones. The availability of dendrochronological research materials with precise spatial and temporal reference makes it possible to organize monitoring of radial growth of trees as an indicator of changes in climate and habitat conditions.

scholarly journals Quantifying climatic influences on tree-ring width

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guangqi Li ◽  
Sandy P. Harrison ◽  
I. Colin Prentice
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Mixed Effects ◽  
Tree Ring Width ◽  
P Values ◽  
Linear Mixed Effects

Abstract. Before tree-ring series can be used to quantify climatic influences on growth, ontogenetic and microenvironmental effects must be removed. Existing statistical detrending methods struggle to eliminate bias, caused by the fact that older/larger trees are nearly always more abundantly sampled during the most recent decades – which happens also to have seen the strongest environmental changes. Here we develop a new approach to derive a productivity index (P*) from tree-ring series. The critical stem diameter, when an initial rapid increase in stem radial growth gives way to a gradual decrease, is estimated using a theoretical approximation; previous growth rings are removed from analysis. The subsequent dynamics of stem radial growth are assumed to be determined by: tree diameter and height; P* (gross primary production per unit leaf area, discounted by a "tax" due to the respiration and turnover of leaves and fine roots); and a quantity proportional to sapwood specific respiration (r1). The term r1 depends not only on the growth rate but also on tree height, because a given leaf area requires a greater volume of living sapwood to be maintained in taller trees. Height-diameter relationships were estimated from independent observations. P* values were then estimated from tree ring-width measurements on multiple trees, using a non-linear mixed-effects model in which the random effect of individual tree identity accounts for the impact of local environmental variability, due to soil or hydrological conditions, and canopy position (i.e. shading and competition). Year-by-year P* at a site should then represent the influence of year-by-year changes in environment, independently of the growth trend in individual trees. This approach was applied to tree-ring records from two genera (Picea and Pinus) at 492 sites across the Northern Hemisphere extratropics. Using a multiple linear mixed-effects regression with site as a random effect, it was found that estimated annual P* values for both genera show consistent, temporally stable positive responses of P* to total photosynthetically photon flux density during the growing season (PPFD5) and soil moisture availability (indexed by an estimate of the ratio of actual to potential evapotranspiration). The partial effect of mean temperature during the growing season (mGGD5) however was shown to follow a unimodal curve, being positive in climates with mGGD5

Ecological interpretation of tree-ring width and intraannual density fluctuations inPinus sylvestrison dry sites in the central Alps and Siberia

2001 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Rigling ◽  
Philipp O Waldner ◽  
Theodor Forster ◽  
Otto U Bräker ◽  
Antti Pouttu
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Density Fluctuations ◽  
Climatic Data ◽  
Central Alps ◽  
Tree Ring Width ◽  
Soil Substrate

The radial growth of Pinus sylvestris L. from nine sites at the semiarid lower forest border of the central Alps (Switzerland) and central Siberia (Russia) has been investigated using dendroecological methods. Tree growth differed according to soil substrate, with trees on dune sites showing lower mean ring widths, lower mean sensitivities, and higher autocorrelation. The relationships between climate and tree-ring width were studied using response function analysis. Independent of the climatic zone and the soil substrate, precipitation just before and at the beginning of the growing season is positively correlated with radial growth. The climatic response of dune sites is low, possibly because of the poor water-holding capacity and the high permeability of the sandy soils. Intraannual density fluctuations (IADFs) were observed at all the sites. Most IADFs were found in latewood. On dunes, fewer cores contain IADFs, and their frequency is lower. All stands showed significant relationships between IADF frequency and tree-ring width (positive) and ring age (negative). For Swiss sites, moist-cool conditions in the middle of the growing season are demonstrated as the triggering factor for IADFs. For the Russian sites, inadequate climatic data made it impossible to demonstrate any climate dependence of IADFs.

scholarly journals Responses of radial growth, wood density and fiber traits to planting space in poplar plantations at a lowland site

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanhua Zhang ◽  
Shengzuo Fang ◽  
Ye Tian ◽  
Linlin Wang ◽  
Yi Lv
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Wood Fiber ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Basic Density ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Tree Ring Width ◽  
Wood Basic Density ◽  
Fiber Traits

AbstractPoplar is raw material for various panel, paper and fiber products. The 12 sample trees of clone Nanlin-895 from four spacings were destructively harvested after thirteen growing seasons to assess the influence of spacing on radial growth and wood properties. Spacing significantly affected tree-ring width and wood basic density (p < 0.05) but not fiber traits. The highest diameter and wood basic density at breast height (1.3 m) was in 6 m × 6 m and 3 m × 8 m spacings, respectively. However, no significant differences in tree-ring width, wood basic density and fiber traits were observed among the four sampling directions in discs taken at 1.3 m for each spacing. Growth rings from the pith and tree heights had significant effects on wood basic density and fiber anatomical characteristics, highlighting obvious temporal-spatial variations. Pearson correlation analysis showed a significantly negative relationship of tree-ring width to wood basic density, fiber length and fiber width, but a significantly positive relationship to hemicellulose. There was no relationship with cellulose and lignin contents. Based on a comprehensive assessment by the TOPSIS method, the 6 m × 6 m spacing is recommended for producing wood fiber at similar sites in the future.

scholarly journals Different Wood Anatomical and Growth Responses in European Beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) at Three Forest Sites in Slovenia

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Domen Arnič ◽  
Jožica Gričar ◽  
Jernej Jevšenak ◽  
Gregor Božič ◽  
Georg von Arx ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
European Beech ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Tree Ring Width ◽  
Vessel Area ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation

European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) adapts to local growing conditions to enhance its performance. In response to variations in climatic conditions, beech trees adjust leaf phenology, cambial phenology, and wood formation patterns, which result in different tree-ring widths (TRWs) and wood anatomy. Chronologies of tree ring width and vessel features [i.e., mean vessel area (MVA), vessel density (VD), and relative conductive area (RCTA)] were produced for the 1960–2016 period for three sites that differ in climatic regimes and spring leaf phenology (two early- and one late-flushing populations). These data were used to investigate long-term relationships between climatic conditions and anatomical features of four quarters of tree-rings at annual and intra-annual scales. In addition, we investigated how TRW and vessel features adjust in response to extreme weather events (i.e., summer drought). We found significant differences in TRW, VD, and RCTA among the selected sites. Precipitation and maximum temperature before and during the growing season were the most important climatic factors affecting TRW and vessel characteristics. We confirmed differences in climate-growth relationships between the selected sites, late flushing beech population at Idrija showing the least pronounced response to climate. MVA was the only vessel trait that showed no relationship with TRW or other vessel features. The relationship between MVA and climatic factors evaluated at intra-annual scale indicated that vessel area in the first quarter of tree-ring were mainly influenced by climatic conditions in the previous growing season, while vessel area in the second to fourth quarters of tree ring width was mainly influenced by maximum temperature and precipitation in the current growing season. When comparing wet and dry years, beech from all sites showed a similar response, with reduced TRW and changes in intra-annual variation in vessel area. Our findings suggest that changes in temperature and precipitation regimes as predicted by most climate change scenarios will affect tree-ring increments and wood structure in beech, yet the response between sites or populations may differ.

scholarly journals Independent Aridity and Drought Pieces of Evidence Based on Meteorological Data and Tree Ring Data in Southeast Banat, Vojvodina, Serbia

Atmosphere ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milivoj B. Gavrilov ◽  
Wenling An ◽  
Chenxi Xu ◽  
Milica G. Radaković ◽  
Qingzhen Hao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Surface Air Temperature ◽  
Aridity Index ◽  
Precipitation Trend ◽  
Positive Temperature ◽  
Tree Ring Width ◽  
Tree Ring Data

In this study, aridity data and tree ring data were collected in Northern Serbia, in Southeast (SE) Banat, a subregion within Vojvodina, and Vojvodina at large. They were each investigated independently. The De Martonne Aridity Index and the Forestry Aridity Index are derived from examining the relationship between precipitation and surface air temperature data sets sourced from seven meteorological stations in SE Banat, and from 10 meteorological stations located in Vojvodina as a whole. Vojvodina is a large territory and used as the control area, for the period 1949–2017. The Palmer Drought Severity Index was derived for the period 1927–2016, for both SE Banat and the totality of Vojvodina. The results of the Tree Ring Width Index were obtained from samples collected in or around the villages of Vlajkovac and Šušara, both located in SE Banat, for the period 1927–2017. These tree ring records were compared with three previous aridity and drought indices, and the meteorological data on the surface air temperature and the precipitation, with the objective being to evaluate the response of tree growth to climate dynamics in the SE Banat subregion. It was noted that the significant positive temperature trends recorded in both areas were too insufficient to trigger any trends in aridity or the Tree Ring Width Index, as neither displayed any change. Instead, it appears that these climatic parameters only changed in response to the precipitation trend, which remained unchanged during the investigated period, rather than in response to the temperature trend. It appears that the forest vegetation in the investigated areas was not affected significantly by climate change in response to the dominant temperature increase.

scholarly journals Indication of environmental changes in mountain catchments by dendroclimatology

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 208-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vrtiška Jiří ◽  
Křeček Josef ◽  
Tognetti Roberto
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Deposition ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Tree Rings ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Mean Annual Temperature ◽  
Normal Period ◽  
Acid Atmospheric Deposition ◽  
Tree Radial Growth ◽  
Number Of Cells

In the Czech Republic, mountain watersheds are mostly forested with dominant Norway spruce (Picea abies) plantations. The aim of this paper is to analyse changes in radial growth and xylem anatomy of Norway spruce trees in the upper plain of the Jizera Mountains, related to changes in climate (air temperature, precipitation), air pollution and acid atmospheric deposition. Data of two neighbouring climate stations were used to detect trends in air temperatures and precipitation. At elevations of 745–1060 m a.s.l., the ring-width growth was significantly affected by mean annual temperature, while impacts of elevation and precipitation were not significant. In the period 1975–1995, the detected drop in tree radial growth (ca 60% of the normal period, prior to the peak of acid atmospheric deposition) corresponded to the increase in atmospheric SO<sub>2</sub> concentrations and acid atmospheric deposition. The number of cells in tree rings decreased by ca 30–40% in comparison with the normal period, but the mean size of cells did not change significantly. In the last 20 years, increasing radial growth has been detected simultaneously with rising air temperature, and density of cells decreased by 30% in early wood, and by 10% in late wood, increasing the total number of cells in tree rings by ca 10% in comparison with the normal period. Integrated effects of climate and non-climate variables on the variation of tree radial growth in the Jizera Mountains reflected the legacy of acid atmospheric deposition in the forest ecosystem.

Climatic factors controlling reproduction and growth of Norway spruce in southern Norway

2002 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vidar Selås ◽  
Gianluca Piovesan ◽  
Jonathan M Adams ◽  
Mauro Bernabei
Keyword(s):  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Tree Ring Width ◽  
Late Spring Frost ◽  
Southern Norway ◽  
June July

Time series of seed production and tree-ring width of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) in southern Norway were analysed for their relationship to various climatic factors occurring during "key" stages, which a priori might be expected to show a strong climate response. The following factors combined in a multiple linear regression model were found to predict seed production (based on withheld data points) with considerable accuracy, at high levels of statistical significance: June–July mean temperature and August lowest temperature in the previous year, late spring frost and June–July precipitation of the last 2 years, and January–February lowest temperature in the current year. Tree ring width was negatively correlated with the seed production index of the current year and the lowest July temperature in the previous year and positively correlated with June-July precipitation in the current year. It is suggested that habitat constraints for seedling establishment should also be considered in a more general life-history cost theory to explain masting behaviour in forest trees.

scholarly journals Reconstruction of Air Temperature of the Summer Half-year in Krkonoše (Giant Mountains) Based on the Spruce Tree-rings in the Period 1804 - 1989

Geografie ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-16
Author(s):  
Rudolf Brázdil ◽  
Jaroslav Dobrý ◽  
Josef Kyncl ◽  
Pavla Štěpánková
Keyword(s):  
Picea Abies ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Tree Rings ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Temperature Series ◽  
Tree Ring Width ◽  
Summer Half ◽  
Temperature Records

The tree-ring width and the maximum wood density of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) have been examined in order to reconstruct air temperature of the summer half-year during the period 1804 - 1989. The trees examined come from a natural spruce stand of Labský důl (Elbe Valley) in Krkonoše (Giant Mts.), North Bohemia. The results obtained by this way have been compared with a similar reconstruction made for Central Europe and with air temperature records from the Prague-Klementinum station. Both temperature series (reconstructed and measured), however, show only 36 % of commonly clarified variability. Differences may follow from the standardization of dendrochronologies as well as from other factors which may have influenced the growth of spruce. The quality of air temperature measurement may play also role.

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