Land use/land cover assessment as related to soil and irrigation water salinity over an oasis in arid environment

AbstractThe land use and land cover (LULC) changes and the implications of soil and irrigation water salinity have adverse effects on crop production and the ecosystems of arid and semiarid regions. In this study, an attempt has been made to analyze and monitor the LULC changes using multitemporal Landsat data for years 1986, 1998, 2007, and 2016 in Al-Ahsa Oasis, Saudi Arabia. In addition, efforts were made to measure the spatial distribution of soil and irrigation water salinity along the oasis. The supervised maximum likelihood classification method was applied to classify the individual images independently. Moreover, soil samples were collected at surface soil depth from the selected LULC types, namely, date palm, croplands, and bare land. Also, groundwater samples were collected from bore wells located in agricultural farms. The spatial distribution of the soil salinity (Ece) and irrigation water salinity (ECiw) was classified based on the Food and Agriculture Organization guidelines. The results showed that significant changes in LULC patterns have occurred during 1986–2016 in the study area. The ECe was found higher in date palm compared with cropland and bare land. However, the spatial distribution of the ECiw over the oasis indicated that 94% of irrigation water ranged between moderate and severe salinity risk. The study concludes that salinity management practices need to be developed in the study area aiming to sustain crop yields, improve soil properties, and minimize the environmental impacts of LULC changes on the ecosystem of Al-Ahsa Oasis.

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An Analysis of Urban Land Use/Land Cover Changes in Blantyre City, Southern Malawi (1994–2018)

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12062377 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (6) ◽

pp. 2377 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

John Mawenda ◽

Teiji Watanabe ◽

Ram Avtar

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Land Cover ◽

Urban Land ◽

Urban Land Use ◽

Sustainable Growth ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Support Vector ◽

Land Use Land Cover ◽

Lulc Changes ◽

Bare Land

Rapid and unplanned urban growth has adverse environmental and social consequences. This is prominent in sub-Saharan Africa where the urbanisation rate is high and characterised by the proliferation of informal settlements. It is, therefore, crucial that urban land use/land cover (LULC) changes be investigated in order to enhance effective planning and sustainable growth. In this paper, the spatial and temporal LULC changes in Blantyre city were studied using the integration of remotely sensed Landsat imageries of 1994, 2007 and 2018, and a geographic information system (GIS). The supervised classification method using the support vector machine algorithm was applied to generate the LULC maps. The study also analysed the transition matrices derived from the classified map to identify prominent processes of changes for planning prioritisation. The results showed that the built-up class, which included urban structures such as residential, industrial, commercial and public installations, increased in the 24-year study period. On the contrary, bare land, which included vacant lands, open spaces with little or no vegetation, hilly clear-cut areas and other fallow land, declined over the study period. This was also the case with the vegetation class (i.e., forests, parks, permanent tree-covered areas and shrubs). The post-classification results revealed that the LULC changes during the second period (2007–2018) were faster compared to the first period (1994–2007). Furthermore, the results revealed that the increase in built-up areas systematically targeted the bare land and avoided the vegetated areas, and that the vegetated areas were systematically cleared to bare land during the study period (1994–2018). The findings of this study have revealed the pressure of human activities on the land and natural environment in Blantyre and provided the basis for sustainable urban planning and development in Blantyre city.

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Analysis and Prediction of Land Use/land Cover Changes and Driving Forces by Using GIS and Remote Sensing in the Coka Watershed, Southern Ethiopia

10.21203/rs.3.rs-884581/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Tadele Buraka ◽

Eyasu Elias ◽

Alemu Lelago

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Land Cover ◽

Water Body ◽

Landscape Planning ◽

Rural Settlement ◽

Annual Rate ◽

Southern Ethiopia ◽

Forest Land ◽

Lulc Changes ◽

Bare Land

Abstract Land use and land cover (LULC) is among fundamental environmental and ecological factors for monitoring, resource management, police making, planning and facilitating the development of strategies to balance conservation, development pressures, and conflicting uses. This study aimed at analyzing LULC changes that have occurred during 1988–2018 and its prediction for 2040–2060 period in Coka watershed, southern Ethiopia. LULC changes were analyzed using geographic information system and predicted by CA-Markov model. Cultivated and rural settlement land, bare land, built up area and water body have increased at an annual rate of 23.1, 2.2, 0.8 and 1.1 ha/year but forest land, bushland and grassland have decreased at an annual rate of 14.4, 4.1 and 8.7 ha/year, respectively. It is projected that cultivated and rural settlement land, bare land, built up area and water body will expand but forest land, grassland and bushland will decrease. Expansion of agriculture and deforestation showed increasing trend on both previous and predicted LULC changes with upcoming expansion of bare land and eucalyptus tree plantation due to major driving factor of population growth. This study highlights the need for well integrated landscape planning, reliable predictions for future LULC and to reduce the deterioration of environment.

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Evaluating Land Use and Land Cover Change in the Gaborone Dam Catchment, Botswana, from 1984–2015 Using GIS and Remote Sensing

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su11195174 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (19) ◽

pp. 5174 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Botlhe Matlhodi ◽

Piet K. Kenabatho ◽

Bhagabat P. Parida ◽

Joyce G. Maphanyane

Keyword(s):

Remote Sensing ◽

Land Use ◽

Land Cover ◽

Water Resource Management ◽

Driving Forces ◽

Landsat Imagery ◽

Global Environmental Change ◽

Geographical Information ◽

Lulc Changes ◽

Bare Land

Land use land cover (LULC) change is one of the major driving forces of global environmental change in many developing countries. In this study, LULC changes were evaluated in the Gaborone dam catchment in Botswana between 1984 and 2015. The catchment is a major source of water supply to Gaborone city and its surrounding areas. The study employed Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System (GIS) using Landsat imagery of 1984, 1995, 2005 and 2015. Image classification for each of these imageries was done through supervised classification using the Maximum Likelihood Classifier. Six major LULC categories, cropland, bare land, shrub land, built-up area, tree savanna and water bodies, were identified in the catchment. It was observed that shrub land and tree savanna were the major LULC categories between 1984 and 2005 while shrub land and cropland dominated the catchment area in 2015. The rates of change were generally faster in the 1995–2005 and 2005–2015 periods. For these periods, built-up areas increased by 59.8 km2 (108.3%) and 113.2 km2 (98.5%), respectively, while bare land increased by 50.3 km2 (161.1%) and 99.1 km2 (121.5%). However, in the overall period between 1984 and 2015, significant losses were observed for shrub land, 763 km2 (29.4%) and tree savanna, 674 km2 (71.3%). The results suggest the need to closely monitor LULC changes at a catchment scale to facilitate water resource management and to maintain a sustainable environment.

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Dynamics of Land Use and Land Cover Changes in An Arid Piedmont Plain in the Middle Reaches of the Kaxgar River Basin, Xinjiang, China

ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information ◽

10.3390/ijgi9020087 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 87 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Tianfeng Wei ◽

Donghui Shangguan ◽

Xia Shen ◽

Yongjian Ding ◽

Shuhua Yi

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Economic Development ◽

Land Cover ◽

River Basin ◽

Tarim River Basin ◽

Cultivated Land ◽

Piedmont Plain ◽

Lulc Changes ◽

Bare Land ◽

Land Water

The Kaxgar River Basin, a key section of the Tarim River Basin, is a typical ecologically fragile region that has undergone rapid changes to its spatial patterns over the preceding few decades. In particular, the expansion of salinized land has posed a severe threat to ecological restoration and economic development. This study monitored the rates and patterns of land use and land cover (LULC) changes in the plain area of Aketao County in the middle reaches of the Kaxgar River Basin. Five Landsat images (captured in 1990, 1998, 2002, 2013, and 2018) were divided into seven LULC types: built-up land, cultivated land, woodland and grassland, light-moderate salinized land, heavy salinized land, water areas, and bare land. Subsequently, their dynamic processes were analyzed. The results revealed that in 1990, the dominant LULCs were cultivated land, woodland and grassland, and bare land. Throughout the study period (from 1990 to 2018), the coverage of built-up land, cultivated land, bare land, water areas, and light-moderate salinized land increased; by contrast, that of the other LULC types decreased. The most marked LULC changes were the expansion of light-moderate salinized land (by 6.2% of the study area) and the shrinkage of woodland and grassland (by 9.4% of the study area). Almost all the analyzed LULC types underwent conversion to other types; such conversion occurred most frequently between 1998 and 2018. The conversions of woodland and grassland into cultivated land and light-moderate salinized land were the most notable phenomena. Another highly evident change was the conversion of heavy salinized land into bare land. These results revealed that the expansion of salinized land and the shrinkage of woodland and grassland in the study area were the most severe environmental changes. Therefore, ecological protection and salinization control are urgently required to enable local economic development while not exceeding the environmental carrying capacity and ensuring the safety of the “green corridor” in the lower reaches of the Kaxgar River Basin.

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THE EFFECT OF IRRIGATION WATER SALINITY ON GROWTH AND CONCENTRATION OF NPK IN SOUR ORANGE CITRUS AURANTIUML. SEEDLING

Basrah Journal of Agricultural Sciences ◽

10.33762/bagrs.2007.56154 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 27-35

Author(s):

Nada A. Obeid ◽

Khawala H.Mohamed ◽

Aqeel.H. Abdulwahid

Keyword(s):

Irrigation Water ◽

Water Salinity ◽

Sour Orange ◽

Irrigation Water Salinity

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Investigating impact of land-use and land cover changes on hydro-ecological balance using GIS: insights from IIT Bombay, India

SN Applied Sciences ◽

10.1007/s42452-021-04328-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Aman Srivastava ◽

Pennan Chinnasamy

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Land Cover ◽

Surface Runoff ◽

Forest Cover ◽

Google Earth ◽

Negative Consequences ◽

Ecological Stability ◽

Barren Land ◽

Ecological Balance ◽

Lulc Changes

AbstractThe present study, for the first time, examined land-use land cover (LULC), changes using GIS, between 2000 and 2018 for the IIT Bombay campus, India. Objective was to evaluate hydro-ecological balance inside campus by determining spatio-temporal disparity between hydrological parameters (rainfall-runoff processes), ecological components (forest, vegetation, lake, barren land), and anthropogenic stressors (urbanization and encroachments). High-resolution satellite imageries were generated for the campus using Google Earth Pro, by manual supervised classification method. Rainfall patterns were studied using secondary data sources, and surface runoff was estimated using SCS-CN method. Additionally, reconnaissance surveys, ground-truthing, and qualitative investigations were conducted to validate LULC changes and hydro-ecological stability. LULC of 2018 showed forest, having an area cover of 52%, as the most dominating land use followed by built-up (43%). Results indicated that the area under built-up increased by 40% and playground by 7%. Despite rapid construction activities, forest cover and Powai lake remained unaffected. This anomaly was attributed to the drastically declining barren land area (up to ~ 98%) encompassing additional construction activities. Sustainability of the campus was demonstrated with appropriate measures undertaken to mitigate negative consequences of unwarranted floods owing to the rise of 6% in the forest cover and a decline of 21% in water hyacinth cover over Powai lake. Due to this, surface runoff (~ 61% of the rainfall) was observed approximately consistent and being managed appropriately despite major alterations in the LULC. Study concluded that systematic campus design with effective implementation of green initiatives can maintain a hydro-ecological balance without distressing the environmental services.

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Land Use and Land Cover Change Assessment in the Context of Flood Hazard in Lagos State, Nigeria

Water ◽

10.3390/w13081105 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (8) ◽

pp. 1105

Author(s):

Dorcas Idowu ◽

Wendy Zhou

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Land Cover ◽

Flood Hazard ◽

The State ◽

Land Cover Type ◽

Lulc Change ◽

Cover Type ◽

Lulc Changes ◽

Lagos State ◽

Very High

Incessant flooding is a major hazard in Lagos State, Nigeria, occurring concurrently with increased urbanization and urban expansion rate. Consequently, there is a need for an assessment of Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) changes over time in the context of flood hazard mapping to evaluate the possible causes of flood increment in the State. Four major land cover types (water, wetland, vegetation, and developed) were mapped and analyzed over 35 years in the study area. We introduced a map-matrix-based, post-classification LULC change detection method to estimate multi-year land cover changes between 1986 and 2000, 2000 and 2016, 2016 and 2020, and 1986 and 2020. Seven criteria were identified as potential causative factors responsible for the increasing flood hazards in the study area. Their weights were estimated using a combined (hybrid) Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Shannon Entropy weighting method. The resulting flood hazard categories were very high, high, moderate, low, and very low hazard levels. Analysis of the LULC change in the context of flood hazard suggests that most changes in LULC result in the conversion of wetland areas into developed areas and unplanned development in very high to moderate flood hazard zones. There was a 69% decrease in wetland and 94% increase in the developed area during the 35 years. While wetland was a primary land cover type in 1986, it became the least land cover type in 2020. These LULC changes could be responsible for the rise in flooding in the State.

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Effects of Climate and Land Use/Land Cover Changes on Water Yield Services in the Dongjiang Lake Basin

ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information ◽

10.3390/ijgi10070466 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 466

Author(s):

Wenbo Mo ◽

Yunlin Zhao ◽

Nan Yang ◽

Zhenggang Xu ◽

Weiping Zhao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Land Cover ◽

Water Resource Management ◽

Water Source ◽

Water Yield ◽

Lake Basin ◽

Lake Area ◽

Land Use Land Cover ◽

Lulc Changes ◽

Regional Water

Spatial and quantitative assessments of water yield services in watershed ecosystems are necessary for water resource management and improved water ecological protection. In this study, we used the InVEST model to estimate regional water yield in the Dongjiang Lake Basin in China. Moreover, we designed six scenarios to explore the impacts of climate and land use/land cover (LULC) changes on regional water yield and quantitatively determined the dominant mechanisms of water yield services. The results are expected to provide an important theoretical reference for future spatial planning and improvements of ecological service functions at the water source site. We found that (1) under the time series analysis, the water yield changes of the Dongjiang Lake Basin showed an initial decrease followed by an increase. Spatially, water yield also decreased from the lake area to the surrounding region. (2) Climate change exerted a more significant impact on water yield changes, contributing more than 98.26% to the water yield variability in the basin. In contrast, LULC had a much smaller influence, contributing only 1.74 %. (3) The spatial distribution pattern of water yield services in the watershed was more vulnerable to LULC changes. In particular, the expansion of built-up land is expected to increase the depth of regional water yield and alter its distribution, but it also increases the risk of waterlogging. Therefore, future development in the basin must consider the protection of ecological spaces and maintain the stability of the regional water yield function.

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Geospatial analysis of wetlands based on land use/land cover dynamics using remote sensing and GIS in Sindh, Pakistan

Science Progress ◽

10.1177/00368504211026143 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 104 (2) ◽

pp. 003685042110261

Author(s):

Hamza Islam ◽

Habibuulah Abbasi ◽

Ahmed Karam ◽

Ali Hassan Chughtai ◽

Mansoor Ahmed Jiskani

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Land Cover ◽

Vegetation Cover ◽

Vegetation Index ◽

Kappa Statistics ◽

Natural Ecosystem ◽

Land Use Land Cover ◽

Dry Land ◽

Lulc Changes ◽

Manchar Lake

In this study, the Land Use/Land Cover (LULC) change has been observed in wetlands comprises of Manchar Lake, Keenjhar Lake, and Chotiari Reservoir in Pakistan over the last four decades from 1972 to 2020. Each wetland has been categorized into four LULC classes; water, natural vegetation, agriculture land, and dry land. Multitemporal Landsat satellite data including; Multi-Spectral Scanner (MSS), Thematic Mapper (TM), and Operational Land Imager (OLI) images were used for LULC changes evaluation. The Supervised Maximum-likelihood classifier method is used to acquire satellite imagery for detecting the LULC changes during the whole study period. Soil adjusted vegetation index technique (SAVI) was also used to reduce the effects of soil brightness values for estimating the actual vegetation cover of each study site. Results have shown the significant impact of human activities on freshwater resources by changing the natural ecosystem of wetlands. Change detection analysis showed that the impacts on the land cover affect the landscape of the study area by about 40% from 1972 to 2020. The vegetation cover of Manchar Lake and Keenjhar Lake has been decreased by 6,337.17 and 558.18 ha, respectively. SAVI analysis showed that soil profile is continuously degrading which vigorously affects vegetation cover within the study area. The overall classification accuracy and Kappa statistics showed an accuracy of >90% for all LULC mapping studies. This work demonstrates the LULC changes as a critical monitoring basis for ongoing analyses of changes in land management to enable decision-makers to establish strategies for effectively using land resources.

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