scholarly journals Water quality assessment and spatial–temporal variation analysis in Erhai lake, southwest China

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1643-1655
Author(s):  
Xuekai Chen ◽  
Xiaobo Liu ◽  
Bogen Li ◽  
Wenqi Peng ◽  
Fei Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Temporal Variation ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Erhai Lake ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Northern Area ◽  
Southern Area ◽  
Better Than

Abstract For the implementation of lake ecological protection, understanding the water pollution status and spatio–temporal variation of water quality has become the most important thing for water safety in the basin. To analyze the water quality in recent years, water quality data in Erhai lake from 2013 to 2017 were first collected from typical nine monitoring stations. Based on the comprehensive water quality index (WQI) method, the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of water quality in Erhai lake were analyzed, and the main factors affecting water quality in Erhai lake were explored. The results indicated that the water quality of Erhai lake was worse than its target water quality, and total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) exceeded the Class Ⅱ standards (TN: 0.5 mg L−1, TP: 0.025 mg L−1) of China’s Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water (GB3838-2002). In terms of changes across seasons, the overall lake water quality in the dry season was better than that in the wet season, and TN and TP reached the peak value in September. In terms of spatial distribution, water quality of the northern area was better than that of the southern area in the dry season, whereas water quality of the southern area was better than that of the northern area in the wet season. At present, Erhai lake is at a critical turning point of water eutrophication, and its nutrition status is mainly affected by both nitrogen and phosphorus. The pollution load from the land area is the main factor affecting the deterioration of Erhai lake. Our results can provide a scientific basis for the treatment of the water environment of Erhai lake.

Quality Evaluation of Jajrood River (IRAN) by Quality Indices Methods

2013 ◽  
Vol 650 ◽  
pp. 652-657
Author(s):  
Mohammad Mirzaei ◽  
Hamed Hasanian
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Quality Indices ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
Acceptable Quality ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Dry Seasons ◽  
Better Than

This Regular evaluation and analysis of river quality helps accurate management to reach acceptable quality. In this study, water quality indices (WQI) method applied to evaluate quality of Jajrood River which is one of the main sources of Tehran drinking water. It helps to subsidize management actions in Jajrood watershed. Sampling carried out for 9 years during 2001-2010 in 10 stations along the river in wet and dry stations to identify water quality and the main source of pollution. Results show water quality in all stations classifies as medium according to National Sanitation Foundation (NSF) and water quality index in wet season is better than the corresponding value in dry seasons. Entrance of pollution during the upstream of Latian Dam (especially in populated centers) has negative effect on the water quality, however river has a good natural attenuation capacity, therefore quality index of river in the main inlet of Latian dam (Lashkarak Bridge) classifies as medium. Collecting wastewater at the populated centers and developing soil conservation and controlling erosion at the upstream of watershed can effectively improve the water quality of river.

scholarly journals Assessment of heavy metal and physico-chemical pollution loadings of River Benue water at Makurdi using water quality index (WQI) and multivariate statistics

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raphael Terungwa Iwar ◽  
Joseph Terlumun Utsev ◽  
Martina Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Pollution Monitoring ◽  
Total Variance ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Physico Chemical

AbstractIn this work, the quality of River Benue water at Makurdi was assessed for its heavy metal load alongside seven other physico-chemical parameters using water quality index (WQI) and multivariate statistical tools. A total of 45 samples from three (3) different points along the River course were collected for five months (October 2018–May, 2019) spanning the dry and wet seasons. Samples were analysed  in accordance with standard methods. Most of the parameters evaluated were found to fall in the allowable limits of the World Health Organization (WHO) among others, except for colour, turbidity, total suspended solids, nickel, lead and cadmium. WQI analysis using the BISWQI, OWQI and CCMEWQI indicated that all indexing methods were suitable for estimating the WQI of River Benue as they all showed that the water corresponded to the classification as “poor water”. Heavy metal index of the river ranged from13.40–6080.00 and from 47.07–7240.00 for the dry and wet seasons, respectively, and was majorly influenced by high cadmium and lead pollution levels. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed three rotated factor with respective communality levels for both the dry and wet seasons. Factor 1 was positively loaded with nine parameters which accounted for 32.3% of the total variance during the dry season, while it was positively loaded with 10 parameters in the wet season accounting for 25.9% of total variance. Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) revealed that the river was zoned into four clusters each for both dry and wet seasons. Sampling points 2 and 3 were the most polluted during the dry season, while sampling point 1 was found to be the most polluted in the wet season. It was concluded that the increasing and diverse nature of anthropogenic activities on the river course was responsible for the deteriorating quality of the water. The study recommended continuous pollution monitoring and local regulations to reduce the entrance of both diffuse and point source pollution into the river.

scholarly journals Benthic macroinvertebrates diversity as bioindicators of water quality of Nasarawa Reservoir Katsina State Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 449-456
Author(s):  
Zahraddeen Hassan Yusuf
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Benthic Macroinvertebrates ◽  
Working Party ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Invertebrate Population ◽  
Number Of Individuals

This study was carried out to assess the water quality of Nasarawa using benthic macroinvertebrates as bioindicators. Biological monitoring working party (BMWP) scoring system was the index used to assess the ecosystem health of Nasarawa reservoir. A total of 4460 macrobenthic invertebrate comprising three phyla, three classes, six families and seventeen species were recorded. The overall macrobenthic population at the different stations revealed that the study area was dominated by Mollusca (41.18%), Oligochaetae (23.53%), Coleoptera and Diptera (11.77%), Mollusca (29.06%), Ephemerophtera and Odonata (5.89%). (BMWP) score of 65.7 was obtained for Nasarawa reservoir which classifies the reservoir as moderately polluted. Higher BMWP score of 65.7 was recorded in the wet season compared to the dry season value of 58.7. More macrobenthic invertebrate population was recorded in the dry season than in the wet season in Nasarawa reservoir. Simpson (1-D), Shannon (H) and evenness were higher during the dry season than in the wet season but dominance was higher in the wet season. Species richness as revealed by the Margaleff and Menhinick index was higher during the wet season than in the dry season. The variations in taxa and number of individuals during the months of sampling was not significantly different (P>0.05). It was found that agricultural activities, washing and bathing could alter physico-chemical parameters of the stream and hence changing the abundance of macroinvertebrates as well as the quality of water. This study, therefore, recommends that the source of pollutants should be controlled and the stream regularly monitored by the relevant authorities. Keywords: Benthic macroinvertebrates, Bioindicator, Water quality, Reservoir

scholarly journals EVALUATING FUTURE WATER QUALITY OF URBAN RIVERS IN HANOI UNDER EFFECT OF URBANIZATION AND CLIMATE CHANGE - THE APPLICATION OF WEAP MODEL FOR CAU BAY RIVER

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (3A) ◽  
pp. 195
Author(s):  
Lan Huong Nguyen ◽  
Viet Nga Thi Tran
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Master Plan ◽  
Urban Rivers ◽  
Water Drainage ◽  
Wet Season

Every day, up to 750,000 cubic meters of wastewater in Hanoi metropolitan areas is discharged directly into rivers and lake, of which only 10% is treated to the Vietnamese standards. According to the water drainage development master plan for the capital city of Hanoi until 2030, the government aim at dealing with flooding and improve environmental sanitation for local residents. With respect to the baseline and Master plan implementation scenarios, this study evaluates the future water quality of urban rivers in Hanoi under the effect of urbanization and climate change using Water Evaluation And Planning tool (WEAP) and take the Cau Bay catchment as the case study. The result shows that, without implementation of wastewater treatment plant, the water quality of Cau Bay River will be worse with the DO in dry season is 0.2-1.2 mg/l and BOD is 52.0-55.0 mg/l. With the implementation of Master plan, the level of DO and BOD would be 7.1-7.3 mg/l and 7.0-13.8 mg/l respectively in the dry season whereas the values are 3.7 mgO/l and 36.1-41.8 mg/l in the wet season. The degradation of wastewater during the wet season is results from the combine- overflow sewage system as designed in the master plan.

Water quality assessment of the river Buriganga, Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Fatema ◽  
M Begum ◽  
M Al Zahid ◽  
ME Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Quality Assessment ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
River Ecosystem ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Water Quality Status ◽  
Quality Status

The present investigation was conducted to assess the water quality status of the river Buriganga. Water samples were collected from three selected stations in wet (June-August) and dry (November-January) seasons during the years 2017 and 2018. Temperature and Dissolved Oxygen (DO) of water varied from 22.80 to 31.40 °C and 0.22 to 2.74 mg/L, respectively. Electrical conductivity of water varied from 180 to 598 μS/cm while pH ranged from 7.61 to 8.97. This study showed that temperature, DO and Fe were higher in wet season than in the dry season, whereas pH, conductivity and phosphate were higher in dry season than in the wet season. But manganese did not vary in different seasons. It is found that the differences of water quality parameters were significant in seasons (p<0.05) except for Fe and insignificant for stations (p>0.05) except for DO. The results reveal that there were significant differences between sampling seasons (wet and dry) (p<0.05) except for temperature and manganese. A significant correlation (p<0.01) was also found among temperature and other parameters viz. DO, conductivity, pH, phosphate. According to the result obtained in the present study, it may be said that the water quality of the river Buriganga is not acceptable to declare the river-ecosystem as a sound one ecologically.J. Biodivers. Conserv. Bioresour. Manag. 2018, 4(1): 47-54

EFFECT OF GREEN ROOF AGE ON RUNOFF WATER QUALITY IN PORTLAND, OREGON

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jarrett Okita ◽  
Cara Poor ◽  
Jessica M. Kleiss ◽  
Ted Eckmann
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Green Roof ◽  
Green Roofs ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Rain Event ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Runoff Water

Green roofs have become a common method to increase water retention on-site in urban areas. However, the long-term water quality of runoff from green roofs is poorly understood. This study evaluated the water quality of stormwater runoff from a regular (non-vegetated) roof, a green roof installed 6 months previously, and a green roof installed 6 years ago in Portland, Oregon. Samples of runoff were taken during every rain event for 10 months, and analyzed for total phosphorus (TP), phosphate (PO3-4), total nitrogen (TN), nitrate (NO-3), ammonia (NH3), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn). Runoff from the green roofs had higher concentrations of TP and PO3-4 and lower concentrations of Zn compared to the regular roof. Average TP concentrations from the 6-year old roof and 6-month old roof were 6.3 and 14.6 times higher, respectively, than concentrations from the regular roof, and average PO3-4 concentrations from the 6-year old roof and 6-month old roof were 13.5 and 26.6 times higher, respectively, compared to the regular roof. Runoff from the 6-month old green roof had higher concentrations of TP and PO3-4 than the 6-year old green roof during the wet season, but lower concentrations during the dry season. The 6-month old green roof installations where receiving waters are sensitive or impaired may need additional treatment methods to reduce phosphorus levels. As green roofs age, water retention decreases and phosphorus leaching increases during the dry season.

scholarly journals Ecological assessment of water quality in an urban river replenished with reclaimed water: the phytoplankton functional groups approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liying Zhu ◽  
Yuanyuan Chen ◽  
Yawei Wang ◽  
Chunrong Wang ◽  
Yuansong Wei
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Reclaimed Water ◽  
Ecological Status ◽  
Ecological Assessment ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Urban Rivers ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
The North ◽  
Phytoplankton Functional Groups

Abstract Comprehensive water quality assessment plays a vital role in decision making for the sustainable management of urban rivers, and thus the exploration of integrated ecological assessment methods for water quality has become a major requirement. This study assessed the water quality of the North Canal River on the basis of its ecological status using the phytoplankton functional groups (PFGs) approach. The river runs through the megacities of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region in China, and is mainly replenished with reclaimed water. The results showed that the PFGs approach is much better for evaluating the water quality of urban rivers than the conventional physicochemical index method and phytoplankton diversity metrics, because the PFGs approach is more sensitive to the spatiotemporal variations in the water quality of urban rivers. The average Qr index, for ecological status estimation in rivers, based on the PFGs of the North Canal River was 3.30, indicating “good” water quality. In the dry season, the dominant PFG upstream was group D (Cyclotella spp.), whereas the major downstream PFGs had changed to group Y (Glenodinium spp., Cryptomonas ovata, and Cryptomonas erosa) and W1 (Euglena spp. and Gonium pectoral). While the dominant PFG throughout the river changed to TB: Melosira spp. in the wet season. The Qr at each site was one to two grades lower during the wet season than the dry season, indicating that water quality was worse in the wet than the dry season.

scholarly journals Assessment of Spatio-temporal Variations of Selected Water Quality Parameters of Lake Ziway, Ethiopia Using Multivariate Techniques

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dessie Tibebe ◽  
Feleke Zewge ◽  
Brook Lemma ◽  
Yezbie Kassa
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
River Mouth ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Water Quality Parameters ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Water Quality Data

Abstract Lake Ziway is shallow freshwater located in Northern part of Ethiopian Rift Valley. It is characterized as semi-arid to sub-humid type of climate. Expansions of the flower industry, widespread fisheries, intensive agricultural activities, fast population growth lead to deterioration of water quality and depletion of aquatic biota. In this study, spatial and temporal variations of selected water quality parameters of Lake Ziway were evaluated using multivariate statistical techniques in the study periods of 2014 and 2015. Monthly water quality data were collected from nine sampling stations during dry and wet seasonal basis for analysis of 15 water quality parameters. Mean nutrient concentrations showed increasing trend and were higher in Floriculture effluent (Fb) and Floriculture effluent after mixing in the lake (Fa) in all seasons. These sites were also characterized by high electrical conductivity (EC) and total dissolved solid (TDS). All the nine sampling sites were categorized into three pollution levels according to their water quality features using cluster analysis (CA). Accordingly, sampling sites Fb and Ketar River (Kb) are highly and moderately polluted in both seasons, respectively. On the other hand, sampling sites at the center (C), Meki river mouth (Ma), Ketar river mouth (Ka), Meki River (Mb), Korekonch (Ko) and Fa in dry season and Ka, C, Ma, Ko, Bulbula river mouth (B) and Fa during wet season were less polluted. Principal component analysis (PCA) analysis also showed the pollutant sources were mainly from Fb during dry season Mb and Kb during wet season. The values of comprehensive pollution index illustrated the lake is moderately and slightly polluted in dry and wet seasons, respectively. Comparatively, the pollution status of the lake is high around floriculture effluent discharge site and at the two feeding rivers (Kb and Mb) due to increasing trends in agrochemical loads. This may lead to long term ecological changes in the lake unless possible measures taken.

scholarly journals PEMODELAN SEBARAN BOD DI SUNGAI KAPUAS KECIL BAGIAN HILIR MENGGUNAKAN WASP

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 148
Author(s):  
Rizki Purnaini ◽  
Sudarmadji Sudarmadji ◽  
Suryo Purwono
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Water Quality Data ◽  
Administrative Area ◽  
Dominant Influence

The Kapuas Kecil River must be maintained for its water quality so that it can still be utilized in accordance with its designation. The purpose of this study is to predict water quality changes due to incoming waste from various sources of pollutants to the concentration of BOD in Kapuas Kecil River using WASP model as an effort to water quality monitoring and water pollution control.The study area to be simulated is Kapuas Kecil River passing through Pontianak City over ± 22 km from upstream to downstream (estuary) that divided into 42 segments. Water quality data were collected from several monitoring station locations in Kapuas Kecil River downstream, Landak River, effluent trenches located within the administrative area of Pontianak City, as well as secondary data on industrial effluents located along the study area. Water sampling method refers to the SNI 03-7026-2004, sampling was done once at each sample point with variations of the rainy and dry season, and at high and low tide conditions. Hydrometry data and river discharge can be obtained from primary and secondary data.The results showed that domestic and non-domestic of urban discharges that entering the river is very dominant influence on the water quality of the river. BOD concentration in rivers during the dry season is higher than rainy season both in high and low tide conditions. The simulation results of spatial distribution with all scenarios show that the accumulation of BOD pollution load begins after a distance of 5 km from the upstream boundary and then a significant increase in concentration occur at  segment 27 with loads originating from the Landak River and Pekong Trench. The BOD concentration then tends to fluctuate to a distance of 5 km before heading downstream, and after that it continues to decline towards the downstream.

Making Sense of Water Quality: Multispecies Encounters on the Mystic River

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caterina Scaramelli
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Water Lily ◽  
Water Quality Data ◽  
Water Flows ◽  
Making Sense ◽  
Quality Of Water

This paper takes water quality as an ethnographic subject. It looks at how water quality monitors in Boston make sense of the quality of water through mundane engagement with three non-human beings who they encounter during their monitoring activities: herring, bacteria and water lily. Each of these organisms suggests a different understanding of water quality for the monitors and poses a dilemma. Water quality monitors who contribute to the production of water quality data come to know water quality as through direct interactions with these beings, mediated by both sensorial experience and laboratory data. These experiences, at the same time, confuse and redraw relationships between science, water flows, non-human vitality, including that of invasive species, and people.

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