Experimental optimization of microwave drying zinc oxide leach residues by response surface methodology

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Weifeng Zhang ◽  
Junruo Chen ◽  
Guo Lin ◽  
Libo Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽  
Microwave Drying ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Spectra Analysis ◽  
Dehydration Rate ◽  
Material Thickness

AbstractResponse surface methodology (RSM) and Box-Behnken design (BBD) were applied to experiment optimization of microwave drying zinc oxide leach residues (ZOLR). The effects of different factors involving temperature, drying time, material mass, material thickness and their interaction on moisture content and dehydration rate of ZOLR were investigated. Two second-order polynomial models for moisture content and dehydration rate of ZOLR were established by multivariate regression analysis. Analysis of variance shows that all independent variable and quadratic terms of the four factors have significant influence on moisture content and dehydration rate of ZOLR. The optimum drying conditions are as follows: temperature is 93.41°C, drying time is 15.9 min, sample mass is 77.91 g and material thickness is 17 mm. The predicted values of moisture content and dehydration rate were 10.98% and 1 g/min, which were close to experimental values 11±0.03% and 1±0.01 g/min under the optimal conditions. Infrared spectra analysis show that no chemical reactions took place in the process of microwave dying ZOLR and only a part of the absorbed water was removed in the sample.

Optimization of drying ammonium tetramolybdate by microwave heating using response surface methodology

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Libo Zhang ◽  
Wenqian Guo ◽  
Tu Hu ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
Jinhui Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Microwave Heating ◽  
Microwave Drying ◽  
Process Variables ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Drying Temperature ◽  
Material Thickness ◽  
Rsm Technique

AbstractThe process of microwave drying ammonium tetramolybdate is studied, and the process variables of drying time, drying temperature and material thickness are considered. Experiences of microwave drying ammonium tetramolybdate have been optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) technique and a CCD design. Effects of each factor and their interactions are researched, and a quadratic polynomial model for dehydration ratio is established. As can be seen from the ANOVA, the effects of the three process variables are found to be significant in the model, and the empirical model is fit and reliable to check the dehydration ratio of ammonium tetramolybdate. The optimum conditions for drying using microwave heating are found as follows: drying temperature 67°C, drying time 9.5 min and material thickness 15 mm. The optimum dehydration ratio is 79.82% and the last molybdenum content is not <56.3%, with the relatively error of 0.64%, which indicates the success of the process optimization experiments. This research has important significance to offer optimum conditions for industrial production.

Optimization of Microwave Drying of CuCl Residue Using Response Surface Methodology

2013 ◽  
Vol 803 ◽  
pp. 3-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Gang Zuo ◽  
Li Bo Zhang ◽  
Bing Guo Liu ◽  
Jin Hui Peng ◽  
Ai Yuan Ma
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Microwave Drying ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Drying Temperature ◽  
Microwave Roasting ◽  
Dehydration Rate ◽  
Material Thickness ◽  
Rsm Technique

Abstract: The technology that CuCl residue from Zn hydrometallurgy was dried by microwave heating was studied. The influence of the drying duration, drying temperature and material thickness on dehydration rate was investigated. The response surface methodology (RSM) technique was utilized to optimize the process conditions. The optimum conditions for drying CuCl residue have been identified to be an drying temperature of 80°C, drying duration of 11 min and material thickness of 16 mm. The optimum conditions resulted in an CuCl residue with moisture content of 4.97%, which could ensure remove chlorine of CuCl residue by microwave roasting.

Application of response surface methodology for optimization of parameters for microwave heating of rare earth carbonates

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (8) ◽  
pp. 813-820
Author(s):  
Shaohua Yin ◽  
Guo Lin ◽  
Shiwei Li ◽  
Jinhui Peng ◽  
Libo Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Rare Earth ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Microwave Heating ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Weight Reduction ◽  
Microwave Drying ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Material Thickness ◽  
Rare Earth Carbonates

AbstractMicrowave heating has been applied in the field of drying rare earth carbonates to improve drying efficiency and reduce energy consumption. The effects of power density, material thickness and drying time on the weight reduction (WR) are studied using response surface methodology (RSM). The results show that RSM is feasible to describe the relationship between the independent variables and weight reduction. Based on the analysis of variance (ANOVA), the model is in accordance with the experimental data. The optimum experiment conditions are power density 6 w/g, material thickness 15 mm and drying time 15 min, resulting in an experimental weight reduction of 73%. Comparative experiments show that microwave drying has the advantages of rapid dehydration and energy conservation. Particle analysis shows that the size distribution of rare earth carbonates after microwave drying is more even than those in an oven. Based on these findings, microwave heating technology has an important meaning to energy-saving and improvement of production efficiency for rare earth smelting enterprises and is a green heating process.

Process Optimization of Microwave Drying Sludge with Response Surface Methodology

2011 ◽  
Vol 396-398 ◽  
pp. 1269-1272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mu Xin Han ◽  
Dong Mei Li ◽  
Yu Jie Feng ◽  
Yu Fei Tan
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Microwave Drying ◽  
Tree Bark ◽  
Treatment Efficiency ◽  
Optimum Parameters ◽  
Predicted Values ◽  
Experimental Values ◽  
The Relationship

To enhance further treatment efficiency of the sludge, a process microwave drying of sludge was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM). A quadratic polynomial mathematical model was developed through Box-Behnken experimental design to describe the relationship between tested variables and moisture content of sludge. The experimental values were found to be in accordance with the predicted values, the correlation coefficient is 0.9203(P < 0.001). Estimated optimum parameters were as follows: The sludge: tree bark is 58:1, microwave power is 630w and processing time is 5.32 minutes. Under these conditions, a lowest moisture content of sludge (49.12%) after microwave drying was reached.

scholarly journals Optimization of Foam-Mat Drying Process of Watermelon Pulp Using Response Surface Methodology

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
J. Isa ◽  
A. P. Olalusi
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Methyl Cellulose ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Air Velocity ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Drying Characteristics ◽  
Moisture Content Level ◽  
Egg Albumen

Introduction: Foam mat drying involves the change of agricultural material from a high moisture content level to a stable foam which is achieved by moisture reduction mechanism. Aim: In this study, foam-mat drying process of watermelon was optimized using response surface methodology. Foaming conditions (carboxyl methyl cellulose and egg albumen) and the drying system parameters (air velocity and air temperature) were optimized using response surface methodology. Methodology: To evaluate the drying behaviour, the drying experiment was designed using design expert software using a central composite design setting variable of drying temperature (60°C – 80°C), air velocity (0.5 m/s – 2 m/s), carboxyl methyl cellulose (0.5% - 2.5%), egg albumen (5% - 15%). Twenty-two runs of the experiment were performed using different levels of variables combinations. Based on the statistical tests performed, the best model that described each response was selected using a polynomial analysis. Results: The optimum values for the drying conditions were: 77.42OC, 0.5m/s, 0.5% and 5% for temperature, air velocity, carboxyl methylcellulose and egg albumen respectively and the optimum values for the drying characteristics were: 25.07 KJ/mol, 1.7345E-10 m2/s, 29.019% (wet-basis). 0.742 g/cm3 and 540 minutes (approximately 9hrs) for activation energy, effective diffusivity, moisture content, foam density and the drying time respectively. Conclusion: The study of the foam-mat drying of watermelon pulp revealed that the inlet temperature, air velocity, CMC and egg albumen has a significant effect on its drying characteristics.

scholarly journals Application of the Response Surface Methodology for Designing Oscillation Drying of Beech Timber

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 541
Author(s):  
Jerzy Majka ◽  
Wiesław Olek
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Maximum Rate ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Initial Moisture Content ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Flux Change ◽  
Moisture Content Gradient

Oscillation drying is one of the possible approaches for reducing drying time and limiting drying defects of hardwood timber. This study aimed to design oscillation-drying schedules for beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) timber using the response surface methodology (RSM) and to develop an empirical model describing relationships between drying time, drying rate, moisture content gradient after drying, and the parameters of oscillation drying, i.e., dry-bulb temperature increase, equilibrium moisture content (EMC) decrease, and the duration of phase #1 in the drying schedule. The design employed 8 unique drying schedules for which early stage of drying was studied. The Gompertz model was used to describe the change in moisture flux as a function of moisture content, with estimated parameters of the model used to determine relations between the maximum flux at the initial moisture content, the maximum rate of flux change, and the critical moisture content for the maximum rate of flux change for each oscillation-drying schedule. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that the decrease in EMC was the only factor significantly influencing oscillation drying. For the most intense oscillation-drying schedule, maximum moisture flow was ca. 75% higher compared with the control drying schedule. Drying processes that accounted for a decrease of EMC from 15% to 12% were characterized by significantly shorter drying time (by 35.8%), 52.6% higher drying intensity, and ca. two times larger moisture content gradient. These results confirm theoretical findings relating the increase of oscillation-drying intensity with the difference in wet-bulb temperature between phases of the drying processes.

scholarly journals Pelletization of Sunflower Seed Husks: Evaluating and Optimizing Energy Consumption and Physical Properties by Response Surface Methodology (RSM)

Processes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuyang Cui ◽  
Junhong Yang ◽  
Xinyu Shi ◽  
Wanning Lei ◽  
Tao Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Sunflower Seed ◽  
Biomass Energy ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Seed Husk

Pelletization is a significant approach for the efficient utilization of biomass energy. Sunflower seed husk is a common solid waste in the process of oil production. The novelty of this study was to determine the parameters during production of a novel pellet made from sunflower seed husk. The energy consumption (W) and physical properties (bulk density (BD) and mechanical durability (DU)) of the novel pellet were evaluated and optimized at the laboratory by using a pelletizer and response surface methodology (RSM) under a controlled moisture content (4%–14%), compression pressure (100–200 MPa), and die temperature (70–170 °C). The results show that the variables of temperature, pressure, and moisture content of raw material are positively correlated with BD and DU. Increasing the temperature and moisture content of raw materials can effectively reduce W, while increasing the pressure has an adverse effect on W. The optimum conditions of temperature (150 °C), pressure (180 MPa), and moisture content (12%) led to a BD of 1117.44 kg/m3, DU of 98.8%, and W of 25.3 kJ/kg in the lab. Overall, although the nitrogen content was slightly high, the novel manufactured pellets had excellent performance based on ISO 17225 (International Organization for Standardization of 17225, Geneva, Switzerland, 2016). Thus, sunflower seed husk could be considered as a potential feedstock for biomass pelletization.

Optimization of Microwave Drying of Salt with Response Surface Methodology

2015 ◽  
pp. 105-111
Author(s):  
Bao-bao Wang ◽  
Li-bo Zhang ◽  
Bing-guo Liu ◽  
Jin-hui Peng ◽  
Hong-ying Xia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Microwave Drying
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