scholarly journals GENETIC DIVERSITY IN NON-OILSEED SUNFLOWER (Helianthus annuus L.) GENOTYPES / DIVERSIDAD GENETICA DE GENOTIPOS NO OLEAGINOSOS DEL GIRASOL (Helianthus annuus L.) / DIVERSITÉ GÉNÉTIQUE DANS LES GÉNOTYPES DE TOURNESOL NON-OLÉAGINEUX (Helianthus annuus L.)

Helia ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 24 (34) ◽  
pp. 17-24
Author(s):  
K. Manjula ◽  
H.L. Nadaf ◽  
K. Giriraj
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Diversité Génétique ◽  
Helianthus Annuus L ◽  
Volume Weight ◽  
Seed Characteristics

SUMMARYGenetic diversity was assessed in 46 non-oilseed sunflower genotypes for 14 characters by adopting D2 analysis. Oil content and plant height exhibited maximum contributions towards genetic divergence. The genotypes were grouped into 11 clusters. The inter-cluster D2 values ranged from 288.17 to 3972.34. The contribution of oil content towards genetic divergence in the 46 genotypes was confirmed when D2 analysis was performed for seed characteristics such as test weight, volume weight, hull content, kernel recovery, oil and protein content.

EFFECT OF SEEDING RATE ON PLANT AND SEED CHARACTERISTICS OF NEW FLAX CULTIVARS

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 791-795 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. H. GUBBELS ◽  
E. O. KENASCHUK
Keyword(s):  
Iodine Number ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum L ◽  
Volume Weight ◽  
Seed Characteristics

Five flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) cultivars, Dufferin, McGregor, Linott, NorLin and NorMan were grown in the field in 1985, 1986 and 1987 at seeding rates of 200, 400, 600 and 800 seeds m−2. Averaged over all cultivars and years, as seeding rate increased from 200 to 800 seeds m−2, maturity was hastened 2.1 d, seed weight decreased 0.16 g 1000−1 seeds, oil content decreased 0.6%, iodine number decreased 1.3 units and volume weight was not markedly changed. Lodging increased and basal branching decreased from 1.68 to 0.18 branches per plant as seeding rate increased. Plant height increased 0.6 cm from the 200 to the 400 seeds m−2 rate then decreased 1.8 cm from the 400 to the 800 seeds m−2 rate. Seed yield increased from 110 to 124 g m−2 as seeding rate increased from 200 to 600 seeds m−2, then decreased to 121 g m−2 at 800 seeds m−2. Although yields of the five cultivars varied somewhat in their response to seeding rate and year, most yielded near optimum at the 600 seeds m−2 seeding rate.Key words: Flax, Linum usitatissimum L., seeding rate, lodging

SUNFLOWER PERFORMANCE AS RELATED TO SOURCE OF SEED AND ADVANCING GENERATIONS

1978 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 445-448
Author(s):  
WALTER DEDIO
Keyword(s):  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Helianthus Annuus L ◽  
Seed Characteristics

Field performance of two sources and several generations of Krasnodarets sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) was compared for 2 yr. The two sources of seed produced achenes that were significantly different in achene characteristics and oil content. There were no consistent significant differences in plant and seed characteristics with advancing generations, but there was a slight trend toward later maturity and taller plants.

scholarly journals ASPECTOS MORFOFISIOLÓGICOS DO GIRASSOL IRRIGADO POR GOTEJAMENTO NO SUBMÉDIO SÃO FRANCISCO

Irriga ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Welson Lima Simões ◽  
Daniela Siqueira Coelho ◽  
Moisés Alves Souza ◽  
Marcos Antônio Drumond ◽  
Joston Simão Assis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Helianthus Annuus L ◽  
Weight Yield ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Irrigation Levels

ASPECTOS MORFOFISIOLÓGICOS DO GIRASSOL IRRIGADO POR GOTEJAMENTO NO SUBMÉDIO SÃO FRANCISCO WELSON LIMA SIMÕES1; DANIELA SIQUEIRA COELHO2; MOISÉS ALVES SOUZA3; MARCOS ANTÔNIO DRUMOND4; JOSTON SIMÃO ASSIS5 E JAIR ANDRADE LIMA6 1Eng. Agrônomo, Doutor, Embrapa Semiárido, Petrolina-PE, CEP 56302-970, email: [email protected]. Agrícola e Ambiental, Doutoranda, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife-PE, CEP 52171-900, email:[email protected]ólogo, Mestre, Embrapa Semiárido, Petrolina-PE, CEP 56302-970, email: [email protected]. Florestal, Doutor, Embrapa Semiárido, Petrolina-PE, CEP 56302-970, email: [email protected]. Agrônomo, Doutor, Embrapa Semiárido, Petrolina-PE, CEP 56302-970, email: [email protected]ólogo, Universidade de Pernambuco, Petrolina-PE, CEP 56328-903, email: [email protected]  1 RESUMO O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar a influência de diferentes lâminas de irrigação e arranjos de gotejadores nas características morfofisiológicas de variedades de girassol. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados dispostos em esquema fatorial 2x2x4, considerando duas variedades de girassol (Hélio 251 e Hélio 360), dois arranjos das linhas de gotejo (fileiras simples e fileiras duplas) e quatro lâminas de irrigação (75, 90, 105 e 120% da ETc), com três repetições. Foram avaliados altura, diâmetro do caule, número de folhas, peso do capítulo, peso de mil aquênios, produtividade e respostas fisiológicas das plantas. A partir dos resultados obtidos, foi observado que, no geral, a lâmina correspondente a 100% da ETc proporcionou as melhores respostas para o cultivo das variedades de girassol Hélio 251 e Hélio 360. Considerando a não diferença significativa entre os arranjos das linhas de gotejadores, o de fileiras duplas torna-se o mais viável para o cultivo de girassol, tendo em vista sua maior economia na instalação do sistema de irrigação. O teor de óleo dos aquênios não é influenciado pela disponibilidade de água para as plantas de girassol.  Palavras-chave: Helianthus annuus L., produtividade, trocas gasosas, teor de óleo  SIMÕES, W. L; COELHO, D. S.; SOUZA, M. A.; DRUMOND, M. A.; ASSIS, J. S; LIMA, J. A.MORPHOPHYSIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF SUNFLOWER IRRIGATION DRIP IN SUBMIDDLE OF THE SÃO FRANCISCO  2 ABSTRACT  The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of different irrigation drip in single and double rows on morphological and physiological characteristics of sunflower varieties. The experimental design was randomized blocks in a factorial 2x2x4 considering two varieties (Hélio 251 e Hélio 360), two provisions of drip lines (single and double rows), four irrigation levels (75, 90, 105 and 120% of ETc) and three replications. At the end of the experiment, plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, weight of the chapter, a thousand achenes weight, yield, and gas exchange. From the results obtained, it was observed that, in general, the blade corresponding to 100% of ETc provided better answers in the cultivation of sunflower varieties Hélio 251 e Hélio360. A irrigated by drip lines available in double rows is more feasible for sunflower cultivation in view of its greater savings in installation of the irrigation system and its effect is similar to that of single rows. The variety has 360 Helium oil content higher than 251 helium. keywords: Helianthus annuus L., productivity, gas exchange, oil content.

EFFECT OF PLANT DENSITY AND SEEDING DATE ON EARLY- AND LATE-MATURING SUNFLOWER HYBRIDS

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 1251-1254 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. H. GUBBELS ◽  
W. DEDIO
Keyword(s):  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Helianthus Annuus L ◽  
Seeding Date ◽  
Plant Densities

Field experiments were conducted in 1983, 1984 and 1986 to determine the response of Sun M 20 (early) and 894 (late) sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) hybrids to three plant densities (30 000, 45 000 and 60 000 plants ha−1) at two seeding dates (18–24 May and 13–16 June). With increase in plant density, achene yields followed the same trends in each seeding date for both hybrids. Yields were similar at the 30 000 and 45 000 plant densities, but lower at the 60 000 density. Plant height and oil content of achenes increased while achene weight decreased with increase in plant density. Plant height was greater but achene weight, oil content and achene yield were lower in the late than the early seeding.Key words: Sunflower, Helianthus annuus L., plant density, seeding date

HETEROSIS, COMBINING ABILITY, AND PREDICTED SYNTHETICS FROM A DIALLEL CROSS IN SUNFLOWERS (HELIANTHUS ANNUUS L.)

1966 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric D. Putt
Keyword(s):  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Helianthus Annuus L ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Seed Characters ◽  
Mature Weight

Heterosis occurred for the eight plant and seed characters studied. It was most frequent for yield of seed and height of plant. Mean squares for general combining ability (gca) and specific combining ability (sca) were significant (P =.01) for all characters. The estimated components for gca were greater than for sca for days to mature, weight per bushel, and percent oil in the seed; less for height and yield of seed; and essentially the same for days to bloom, diameter of head, and weight per 1000 seeds.The yield of seed and percent oil in the seed, for the highest ranking 100 synthetics that could be composed from the 10 lines, was predicted in F6 assuming 50 and 60% outcrossing between F2 and F6. Virtually all values exceeded the mean performance of four check samples of commercial hybrids. Many exceeded the highest rank check for oil content in the seed. Fourteen of the highest ranking 100 synthetics for yield and 30 for oil content consisted of two or three lines. It was concluded that synthetics can be superior to the present hybrids in heterosis and that desirable synthetics can be made from only a few lines.

scholarly journals GENETIC DIVERGENCE AND MORPHO-AGRONOMIC PERFORMANCE OF JATROPHA CURCAS L. CLONES FOR SELECTION OF CLONAL VARIETIES

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 841-849
Author(s):  
ADRIANA QUEIROZ DE ALMEIDA ◽  
SIMONE ALVES SILVA ◽  
VANESSA DE OLIVEIRA ALMEIDA ◽  
DEOCLIDES RICARDO DE SOUZA ◽  
GILMARA DE MELO ARAÚJO
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Lower Contribution ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACT The knowledge about genetic diversity of jatropha crop is important for genetic conservation resources and breeding of this species. The aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic diversity and performance of jatropha clones through morphological characterization to selection of clonal varieties for biofuels production. The clones were obtained through shoot cuttings from previous selection in a population of half-sibs progenies. The morphoagronomic analyses of clones was carried out at 180 days after transplantation and were evaluated plant height, stem diameter, number of primary branches and number of secondary branches, number of bunches and number of fruits per plant. Evaluating clones performance, significant results were found for the number of secondary branches. About analysis of genetic diversity, the measures of dissimilarity genetic varied from 0.62 to 13.11, this way, the UFRBPR14 and UFRBPR15 clones were more divergent. The Tocher method was efficient to verify formation of four groups. The characteristics that most contributed to the divergence among clones were branches number, height and number of bunches, and, stem diameter had lower contribution. The jatropha clones differed only in the secondary branches number and multivariate analysis showed divergence among the jatropha clones with formation of four groups. Also, branches number, plant height and number of bunches were characteristic that contributed to genetic divergence.

Dwarf sunflower response to row spacing, stand reduction, and defoliation at different growth stages

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 319-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. L. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Reciprocal Relationship ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Helianthus Annuus L

Growth compensation of dwarf sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) hybrids to low initial stands, later stand losses, or plant defoliation has not been reported regarding replanting decisions and crop insurance yield loss assessment. Three experiments were conducted to study the affect of stand reduction, defoliation, and row spacing on dwarf sunflower yield and quality when grown in eastern North Dakota. Experiment 1 evaluated stand reduction (0, 25, 50 and 75%) applied at growth stages (V4, R1 and R6) in 15, 45 and 76 cm spaced rows. Row spacing interactions with stand reduction and growth stage were not significant for yield indicating growth stage and stand reduction effects on yield response were independent of row spacing. In exp. 2, significant growth stage (V4, V8, R1, R2, R3, R5 and R6) by stand reduction (0, 12, 25, 37, 50, 62 and 75%) interaction showed stand reduction at vegetative growth stages not influencing yield, but as maturity progressed yield reductions became greater with increased stand reduction. Achene weight increased with increasing stand reduction at vegetative and early reproductive stages. A reciprocal relationship was noted between achene weight and achene oil content where oil content decreased as achene weight increased. Interaction of growth stage (R1 and R6) and defoliation (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100%) in exp. 3 indicated greater reduction in yield, test weight, 1000-achene weight, and achene oil conte nt as defoliatin increased at growth stage R6. Yield compensating ability of dwarf sunflower is dependent on type and level of damage and growth stage of occurrence, with total yield reduction considering all effects. Key words: Sunflower, Helianthus annuus L., row spacing, stand reduction, defoliation

Gene Action in the Expression of Achene Yield and Oil Content in Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)

2005 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1517-1520
Author(s):  
Masood Jan . ◽  
Farhatullah . ◽  
Muhammad Tariq Jan . ◽  
Ghulam Hassan . ◽  
Raziudin .
Keyword(s):  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Helianthus Annuus L

EFFECT OF PLANT DENSITY ON THE AGRONOMIC PERFORMANCE OF SUNFLOWER ON DRYLAND

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 599-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. W. HOLT ◽  
S. J. CAMPBELL
Keyword(s):  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Head Diameter ◽  
Helianthus Annuus L ◽  
Days To Maturity

This study investigated the influence of plant density on several agronomic traits of four sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) cultivars grown at Indian Head and Saskatoon, Saskatchewan in the semiarid prairies. At populations of 40 000–85 000 plants∙ha−1, plant density had no significant effect on seed yield. The increase in percentage oil content with increase in plant density (44.3–45.6%) was small but significant. As plant density was increased, days to flower, height and test weight increased while days to maturity, head diameter and average seed weight decreased. Cultivars × density interactions were generally not significant. Environment (five location-years) had a significant effect on all variables, and environments × cultivar interactions were significant for most of these. Results of this experiment indicated that testing of sunflower lines at several locations in the growing area would be necessary for best assessment but one plant density, suitable to that area, could be used.Key words: Sunflower, plant density, seed, oil, seed size, Helianthus annuus L.

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