New data on wild boar (Sus scrofa L.) a dead-end host for large American liver fluke (Fascioloides magna)

Summary Fascioloidosis is a parasitic disease of primary wild and domestic ruminants, caused by a digenean trematode, Fascioloides magna. The final hosts of F. magna are divided according to the host-parasite interactions into definitive, dead end and aberrant. The clinical appearance, pathology, outcome of disease, and its importance in disease epidemiology vary with different host types. According to this division, wild boar (Sus scrofa) are characterized as a dead end host. In this paper we analysed 12 wild boar livers from Croatia. Eleven of them contained pigment traces, pseudocysts, degrading pseudocysts, fluke migratory channels, live and degrading flukes. F. magna eggs were found in pseudocysts, but no eggs were recovered from faeces. Concurrent infection with F. magna and Fasciola hepatica was detected in one liver. According to everything we observed, wild boar currently has no direct role in maintaining and spreading the disease.

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Helminths of the Wild Boar (Sus scrofa) from Units of Conservation Management and Sustainable Use of Wildlife Installed in the Eastern Economic Region of Mexico

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11010098 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 98

Author(s):

Jorge-Luis de-la-Rosa-Arana ◽

Jesús-Benjamín Ponce-Noguez ◽

Nydia-Edith Reyes-Rodríguez ◽

Vicente Vega-Sánchez ◽

Andrea-Paloma Zepeda-Velázquez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wild Boar ◽

Sus Scrofa ◽

Conservation Management ◽

Fasciola Hepatica ◽

Sustainable Use ◽

Pathogen Transmission ◽

Stool Examination ◽

Economic Region ◽

Wild Boars ◽

Artificial Digestion

Wild boars (Sus scrofa) were introduced in Mexico for sport hunting and meat trading for human consumption, but the available data regarding their role in pathogen transmission are limited. This research and field work aimed to identify the helminths of the wild boar produced in three units of conservation management and sustainable use of wildlife placed in the eastern economic region of Mexico. Samples of feces and serum were collected from 90 animals that came from three different ranches. Stool examination and antibody determination to Fasciola hepatica, Taenia crassciceps, Ascaris suum, Toxocara canis (ELISA), and Trichinella spiralis (Western blot) were performed. In addition, 30 diaphragm samples from one ranch were obtained for artificial digestion. Eggs of Strongyloides sp. (72.2%), Metastrongylus sp. (57.7%), Oesophagostomum sp. (53.3%), and Trichuris sp. (37.7%) were found in addition to oocysts of Eimeria sp. (75.6%). Antibodies to Fasciola (8.9%), Taenia (4.4%), Ascaris (32.2%), Toxocara (20%), and Trichinella (5.5%) were found. The eggs of Strongyloides and Oesophagostomum were associated to female hosts. One nematode larva was found by artificial digestion. This is the first report to identify helminths from wild boars in Mexico. In addition, this study identifies the potential risk of the wild boar as a transmission channel of parasites that can have an impact on public health.

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Determination of ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) interspecific markers in Fasciola hepatica, Fascioloides magna, Dicrocoelium dendriticum and Paramphistomum cervi (Trematoda), parasites of wild and domestic ruminants

Helminthologia ◽

10.2478/s11687-010-0011-1 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 47 (2) ◽

pp. 76-82 ◽

Cited By ~ 38

Author(s):

E. Bazsalovicsová ◽

I. Králová-Hromadová ◽

M. Špakulová ◽

M. Reblánová ◽

K. Oberhauserová

Keyword(s):

Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽

Fasciola Hepatica ◽

Fascioloides Magna ◽

Internal Transcribed Spacer 2 ◽

Dicrocoelium Dendriticum ◽

Domestic Ruminants ◽

Molecular Differentiation ◽

Species Specific ◽

First Time ◽

Paramphistomum Cervi

AbstractThe species-specific ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) markers were designed for PCR-based molecular differentiation of Fasciola hepatica, Fascioloides magna, Dicrocoelium dendriticum and Paramphistomum cervi, liver and stomach flukes of domestic and free living ruminants. Complete ITS2 sequences were obtained for D. dendriticum and P. cervi, for the later species, ITS2 structure was determined for the first time. Intraspecific variation within geographically distant populations was found to be either very low (F. hepatica; D. dendriticum) or even absent (F. magna; P. cervi). ITS2 regions with the absence of intraspecific polymorphisms but with interspecific sequence heterogeneity were applied for design of speciesspecific primers. The specificity of developed primers was tested on genomic DNA isolated from adult individuals of studied fluke species. Application of the primers is of particular value for molecular differentiation of morphologically hardly distinguishable F. hepatica, F. magna and P. cervi eggs after coprological examinations.

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Fasciola hepatica in wild boar (Sus scrofa) from Italy

Comparative Immunology Microbiology and Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1016/j.cimid.2021.101672 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 101672

Author(s):

Giovanni Sgroi ◽

Roberta Iatta ◽

Riccardo Paolo Lia ◽

Stefania Latrofa ◽

Giada Annoscia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wild Boar ◽

Sus Scrofa ◽

Fasciola Hepatica

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Severe pulmonary fascioloidosis in a wild Mouflon (Ovis musimon) - a case report

Helminthologia ◽

10.2478/helm-2021-0036 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 58 (4) ◽

pp. 394-399

Author(s):

C. Stiles ◽

M. Bujanić ◽

F. Martinković ◽

I.-C. Šoštarić Zuckermann ◽

D. Konjević

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Severe Pneumonia ◽

Domestic Ruminants ◽

Specific Host ◽

Host Parasite Interactions ◽

Dead End ◽

Species Specific ◽

Host Parasite ◽

Cut Surface ◽

Ovis Musimon

Summary A wild male mouflon (Ovis musimon) was shot due to the observed weakness. Necropsy revealed consolidated lungs and traces of black pigment and fibrin on the liver. On the cut surface, a juvenile fl uke was found in the lungs, while traces of destroyed fl ukes’ migratory channels were found in the liver. F. magna infection in both, wild and domestic ruminants, causes three types of species-specific host-parasite interactions; definitive, dead-end and aberrant. mouflon are classifi ed as aberrant hosts and here we report unsuccessful migration of a juvenile fl uke that led to a severe pneumonia.

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The wild boar (Sus scrofa Linnaeus, 1758) as secondary reservoir of Fasciola hepatica in Galicia (NW Spain)

Veterinary Parasitology ◽

10.1016/j.vetpar.2013.09.009 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 198 (3-4) ◽

pp. 274-283 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Mercedes Mezo ◽

Marta González-Warleta ◽

José Antonio Castro-Hermida ◽

M. Yolanda Manga-González ◽

Raquel Peixoto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wild Boar ◽

Sus Scrofa ◽

Fasciola Hepatica ◽

Nw Spain

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Effect of the Rooting Activity of Wild Boar Sus scrofa on Plant Communities in the Middle Taiga of Western Siberia

Russian Journal of Biological Invasions ◽

10.1134/s2075111720040116 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 363-371

Author(s):

N. L. Pankova ◽

N. I. Markov ◽

A. L. Vasina

Keyword(s):

Wild Boar ◽

Plant Communities ◽

Sus Scrofa ◽

Western Siberia ◽

Middle Taiga

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A correlation of Mycobacterium bovis SB0134 infection between cattle and a wild boar (Sus Scrofa) in Campania region

Veterinary and Animal Science ◽

10.1016/j.vas.2021.100182 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 100182

Author(s):

Emanuela Sannino ◽

Lorena Cardillo ◽

Rubina Paradiso ◽

Anna Cerrone ◽

Paolo Coppa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wild Boar ◽

Mycobacterium Bovis ◽

Sus Scrofa ◽

Campania Region

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Occurrence of Aujeszky’s disease in wild boar (Sus scrofa) in Slovakia

Biologia ◽

10.1007/s11756-021-00699-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Gabriela Čonková-Skybová ◽

Silvia Zemanová ◽

Katarína Bárdová ◽

Peter Reichel ◽

Róbert Link ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wild Boar ◽

Sus Scrofa ◽

Aujeszky's Disease ◽

Aujeszky’S Disease

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First Report of Echinococcus ortleppi in Free-Living Wild Boar (Sus scrofa) from Portugal

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms9061256 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 1256

Author(s):

Teresa Letra Mateus ◽

Maria João Gargaté ◽

Anabela Vilares ◽

Idalina Ferreira ◽

Manuela Rodrigues ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wild Boar ◽

Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽

Sus Scrofa ◽

One Health ◽

Control Strategies ◽

Free Living ◽

First Report ◽

Wildlife Reservoirs ◽

First Time ◽

Echinococcus Granulosus Sensu Lato

Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a zoonosis that is prevalent worldwide. It is considered endemic in Portugal but few studies have been performed on Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato and their hosts. In this study, CE cysts are reported for the first time in a free-living wild boar (Sus scrofa) in Portugal. The presence of the metacestodes in the liver of the wild boar was identified by morphological features, microscopic examination and molecular analysis. The sequencing of part of the DNA nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer-1 (ITS-1) region revealed a G5 genotype that presently corresponds to Echinococcus ortleppi. This is the first report of E. ortleppi in Portugal and to the best of the authors’ knowledge, in Europe. These results suggest that wild boar may be a host of CE, namely, crossing the livestock–wildlife interface, which has important public health implications. Wildlife reservoirs must be taken into account as CE hosts and surveillance of game as well as health education for hunters should be implemented using a One Health approach, with implementation of feasible and tailor-made control strategies, namely, proper elimination of byproducts in the field.

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