Improvement of wound healing by the development of ECM-inspired biomaterial coatings and controlled protein release

Abstract Implant design has evolved from biochemically inert substrates, minimizing cell and protein interaction, towards sophisticated bioactive substrates, modulating the host response and supporting the regeneration of the injured tissue. Important aspects to consider are the control of cell adhesion, the discrimination of bacteria and non-local cells from the desired tissue cell type, and the stimulation of implant integration and wound healing. Here, the extracellular matrix acts as a role model providing us with inspiration for sophisticated designs. Within this scope, small bioactive peptides have proven to be miscellaneously deployable for the mediation of surface, cell and matrix interactions. Combinations of adhesion ligands, proteoglycans, and modulatory proteins should guide multiple aspects of the regeneration process and cooperativity between the different extracellular matrix components, which bears the chance to maximize the therapeutic efficiency and simultaneously lower the doses. Hence, efforts to include multiple of these factors in biomaterial design are well worth. In the following, multifunctional implant coatings based on bioactive peptides are reviewed and concepts to implement strong surface anchoring for stable cell adhesion and a dynamic delivery of modulator proteins are discussed.

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The Role of the Extracellular Matrix Components in Cutaneous Wound Healing

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2014/747584 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 113

Author(s):

Pawel Olczyk ◽

Łukasz Mencner ◽

Katarzyna Komosinska-Vassev

Keyword(s):

Extracellular Matrix ◽

Wound Healing ◽

Growth Factors ◽

Wound Repair ◽

Structural Integrity ◽

Healing Process ◽

Cellular Functions ◽

Extracellular Matrix Components ◽

Essential Components ◽

Matrix Components

Wound healing is the physiologic response to tissue trauma proceeding as a complex pathway of biochemical reactions and cellular events, secreted growth factors, and cytokines. Extracellular matrix constituents are essential components of the wound repair phenomenon. Firstly, they create a provisional matrix, providing a structural integrity of matrix during each stage of healing process. Secondly, matrix molecules regulate cellular functions, mediate the cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions, and serve as a reservoir and modulator of cytokines and growth factors’ action. Currently known mechanisms, by which extracellular matrix components modulate each stage of the process of soft tissue remodeling after injury, have been discussed.

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What are the markers of aggressiveness in prolactinomas? Changes in cell biology, extracellular matrix components, angiogenesis and genetics

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/eje.1.02339 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 156 (2) ◽

pp. 143-153 ◽

Cited By ~ 72

Author(s):

Alper Gürlek ◽

Niki Karavitaki ◽

Olaf Ansorge ◽

John A H Wass

Keyword(s):

Extracellular Matrix ◽

Cell Adhesion ◽

Growth Factor ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Cellular Migration ◽

Tumour Suppressor Genes ◽

Suprasellar Region ◽

Extracellular Matrix Components ◽

Matrix Components ◽

E Cadherin

Prolactinoma is the most common pituitary tumour in adults. Macroprolactinomas, particularly in men, may occasionally exhibit a very aggressive clinical course as evidenced by progressive growth, invasion through bone into the sphenoid sinus, cavernous sinus, suprasellar region or the nasopharynx. Some may even progress to pituitary carcinoma with craniospinal or systemic metastases. Aggressive tumours have low cure rates despite appropriate medical and surgical treatment. The mechanisms underlying this aggressive biological behaviour have not yet been fully clarified. Recent immunohistochemical, molecular and genetic studies have provided some insight in this respect. Invasive prolactinomas may be associated with a high Ki-67/MIB-1 labelling index indicating increased cell proliferation, although this is not a universal finding. The AA polymorphism in the cyclin adenine (A)/guanine (G) gene is more frequently detected in invasive prolactinomas. Increased expression of the polysialylated neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) and reduced expression of the E-cadherin/catenin complex implies a contribution of altered cell-to-cell adhesion and cellular migration. Extracellular matrix components (ECM), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their inhibitors play important roles in the context of angiogenesis and invasion. The induction of fibroblast growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor via oestrogen-induced overexpression of novel genes (PTTG, hst and Edpm5) enhance cell growth, proliferation and angiogenesis contributing to invasiveness in prolactinomas. Although mutations in proto-oncogenes like Ras are uncommon, loss of tumour suppressor genes at loci 11q13, 13q12–14, 10q and 1p seem to be associated with invasiveness. Of the described mechanisms, only reduced E-cadherin/catenin expression and overexpression of hst gene seem to be relatively specific markers for prolactinoma invasiveness compared with other pituitary adenomas. Further research is needed to clarify the molecular mechanisms behind the aggressive course of some prolactinomas to predict those with a potentially poor clinical outcome, and to devise treatments that will eventually enable the cure of these challenging tumours.

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Preparation of Nanofibers with Renewable Polymers and Their Application in Wound Dressing

International Journal of Polymer Science ◽

10.1155/2016/4672839 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-17 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Ying Zhao ◽

Yihui Qiu ◽

Huanhuan Wang ◽

Yu Chen ◽

Shaohua Jin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Extracellular Matrix ◽

Wound Healing ◽

Cell Adhesion ◽

Specific Surface ◽

Wound Dressing ◽

Recent Progress ◽

High Specific Surface Area ◽

High Porosity ◽

Renewable Polymers ◽

Good Biocompatibility

Renewable polymers have attracted considerable attentions in the last two decades, predominantly due to their environmentally friendly properties, renewability, good biocompatibility, biodegradability, bioactivity, and modifiability. The nanofibers prepared from the renewable polymers can combine the excellent properties of the renewable polymer and nanofiber, such as high specific surface area, high porosity, excellent performances in cell adhesion, migration, proliferation, differentiation, and the analogous physical properties of extracellular matrix. They have been widely used in the fields of wound dressing to promote the wound healing, hemostasis, skin regeneration, and treatment of diabetic ulcers. In the present review, the different methods to prepare the nanofibers from the renewable polymers were introduced. Then the recent progress on preparation and properties of the nanofibers from different renewable polymers or their composites were reviewed; the application of them in the fields of wound dressing was emphasized.

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