Model for calculating physicochemical properties of aluminosilicate melt

2013 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-147
Author(s):  
Guo-Hua Zhang ◽  
Kuo-Chih Chou
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Surface Tension ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Molar Volume ◽  
Experimental Measurement ◽  
Slag System ◽  
Difficult Issue ◽  
Do So

AbstractIt is an important issue to calculate the physicochemical properties of aluminosilicate melt based on some known data. However, it is also a difficult issue to do so, especially for a multicomponent slag system since the available data are very limited due to the difficulty of experimental measurement at high temperature. In this paper, a method is suggested to resolve this problem, which is particularly significant. This model can be well used to estimate the electrical conductivity, viscosity, molar volume and surface tension of aluminosilicate melt.

Properties of KSCN-rich Molten NaSCN-KSCN Mixtures

1991 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 540-544
Author(s):  
Yasuhiko Iwadata ◽  
Junichi Mochinaga ◽  
Kazuo Igarashi ◽  
Koji Tajiri ◽  
Tadashi Asahina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Surface Tension ◽  
Heat Capacity ◽  
Refractive Index ◽  
Molar Volume ◽  
Molten State

AbstractFor molten (Na, K)SCN mixtures with more than 50 mol% KSCN the molar volume Vm,electrical conductivity, χ, refractive index n, surface tension γ and heat capacity CP were measured in dependence of composition and temperature, γ exhibited the minimum at ca. 70 mol% KSCN and Cp was 148 JK-1 mol-1 in the range of 413 to 471 K. The electronic polarizabilities of the ions in the molten state were estimated by the semiclassical Clausius-Mossotti equation

Thermodynamics and Transport Properties

2021 ◽  
pp. 72-181
Author(s):  
Thorvald Abel Engh ◽  
Geoffrey K. Sigworth ◽  
Anne Kvithyld
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Surface Tension ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Transport Properties ◽  
Thermochemical Data ◽  
Molten Metals ◽  
Free Energies ◽  
Interaction Coefficients ◽  
Chemical Equilibria

The fundamentals of thermodynamics are reviewed, focusing on the chemistry of high-temperature metals, oxides (slags), and salts. Thermochemical data are provided for important molten metals: the free energies of solution of alloy elements, and interaction coefficients. Standard free energies of reactions are also provided, so the reader may calculate important chemical equilibria. Example calculations are provided for the deoxidation of steel. The removal of sulfur and phosphorus are also described. The second half of the chapter considers fundamental aspects of important physical properties: viscosity, surface tension, diffusion, and thermal and electrical conductivity.

Physicochemical Properties of the (LiF + CaF2)eut+ LaF3System: Phase Equilibria, Volume Properties, Electrical Conductivity, and Surface Tension

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 1395-1402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blanka Kubíková ◽  
Miroslav Boča ◽  
Jarmila Mlynáriková ◽  
Veronika Gurišová ◽  
Michal Šimurda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Surface Tension ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Phase Equilibria ◽  
Volume Properties

Pb-free solders: Predicting of some physicochemical properties of Ag–Cu–Sn material at different temperatures

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (07) ◽  
pp. 1650062 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachida M’chaar ◽  
Mouloud El Moudane ◽  
Abdelaziz Sabbar ◽  
Ahmed Ghanimi
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Molar Volume ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ternary Alloys ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Experimental Values ◽  
Increasing Temperature ◽  
Good Agreement

In this paper, the surface tension, molar volume and density of liquid Ag–Cu–Sn alloys have been calculated using Kohler, Muggianu, Toop, and Hillert models. In addition, the surface tension and viscosity of the Ag–Cu–Sn ternary alloys at different temperatures have been predicted on the basis of Guggenheim and Seetharaman–Sichen equations, respectively. The results show that density and viscosity decrease with increasing tin and increasing temperature for the all studied models. While the surface tension shows a different tendency, especially for the Kohler and Muggianu symmetric models. On the other hand, the molar volume increases with increase of temperature and tin compositions. The calculated values of surface tension and density of Ag–Cu–Sn alloys are compared with the available experimental values and a good agreement was observed.

Theoretical investigation of some physicochemical properties in the liquid Sn–Ag–Cu alloys

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (05) ◽  
pp. 1750040 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachida M’chaar ◽  
Abdelaziz Sabbar ◽  
Mouloud El Moudane ◽  
Ahmed Ghanimi
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Molar Volume ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Volume Density ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cu Alloys ◽  
Temperature Ranges ◽  
Cross Section Formula

Some physicochemical properties such as surface tension, molar volume, density and viscosity of liquid Sn–Ag–Cu alloys have been calculated using Kohler, Muggianu, Toop and Hillert geometrical models along three cross-sections namely [Formula: see text]/[Formula: see text], 1/1 and 2/1. Indeed, Guggenheim, Kozlov–Romanov–Petrov and Kaptay equations have also been extended to estimate the surface tension and viscosity based on the thermodynamic data of the investigated system over wide temperature ranges of 823–1123[Formula: see text]K and 773–1173[Formula: see text]K, respectively. The results show that the three investigated properties, surface tension, density and viscosity, decrease with increasing tin for all studied models. On the other hand, a different behavior of these properties as a function of the temperature was noted. This evolution depends on the composition of the studied alloys. On the contrary, the molar volume increases with increase of temperature and tin compositions. It should be noted that the surface tension, density and molar volume show a linear dependence on temperature for all the investigated compositions. For viscosity, a curvilinear dependence has been observed. The calculated surface tensions and densities were compared with those reported experimentally for Sn–Ag–Cu alloys along the cross-section [Formula: see text]/[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]1/1.

scholarly journals Volatilization characteristics of high-lead slag and its influence on measurement of physicochemical properties at high temperature

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-68
Author(s):  
Guohua Wang ◽  
Yaru Cui ◽  
Ze Yang ◽  
Ziliang Guo ◽  
Lv Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Spinel Phase ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Slag System ◽  
High Heating Rate ◽  
Slag Properties ◽  
Protective Gas ◽  
Phase And Chemical Composition ◽  
Intrinsic Kinetic

Volatilization causes measurement deviations of physicochemical properties for volatiles-containing slag at high temperature. Hence, investigating the degree of volatilization and identifying the volatilization mechanism and deviation rules are crucial to improve the accuracy of the measured properties. Here, PbO-FeOx-CaO-SiO2-ZnO slag system was selected as a research subject. The volatile characteristics and non-isothermal intrinsic kinetic models of high-temperature volatilization for lead slag were established by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and the volatilization mechanism and deviation in the measured properties were determined by analyzing the phase and chemical composition of the residues. In addition, experimental measurements of the melting temperature/ viscosity were compared with theoretically calculated results. The volatilization of PbO decreased the lead-containing phase, but increased the amount of precipitated spinel phase, which led to the deviation in the measured physicochemical properties of the studied slags. The volatilization kinetics for PbO in the slags followed three-dimensional diffusion. The diffusion of PbO gas from PbO-FeOx-CaO-SiO2-ZnO slag was the restrictive step of volatile reaction, and mechanism function was g(?)=1-(1-?)1?3. Moreover, during the slag properties measurement at high temperatures, a high heating rate and protective gas can be used to reduce volatilization of lead slag and avoid consequent properties deviation.

COPPER ALLOY No. 182

Alloy Digest ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 24 (12) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Copper Alloy ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Age Hardening ◽  
High Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Temperature Performance

Abstract Copper Alloy NO. 182 is an age-hardening type of alloy that combines relatively high electrical conductivity with good strength and hardness. It was formerly known as Chromium Copper and its applications include such uses as resistance-welding-machine electrodes, switch contacts and cable connectors. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, tensile properties, and compressive and shear strength as well as fracture toughness and fatigue. It also includes information on high temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: Cu-305. Producer or source: Copper and copper alloy mills.

Structural/Texture Evolution During Facile Substitution of Ni into ZSM-5 Nanostructure vs. its Impregnation Dispersion Used in Selective Transformation of Methanol to Ethylene and Propylene

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parisa Sadeghpour ◽  
Mohammad Haghighi ◽  
Mehrdad Esmaeili
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Light Olefins ◽  
Isomorphous Substitution ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Hydrothermal Temperature ◽  
X Ray

Aim and Objective: Effect of two different modification methods for introducing Ni into ZSM-5 framework was investigated under high temperature synthesis conditions. The nickel successfully introduced into the MFI structures at different crystallization conditions to enhance the physicochemical properties and catalytic performance. Materials and Methods: A series of impregnated Ni/ZSM-5 and isomorphous substituted NiZSM-5 nanostructure catalysts were prepared hydrothermally at different high temperatures and within short times. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), Brunner, Emmett and Teller-Barrett, Joyner and Halenda (BET-BJH), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and Temperature-programmed desorption of ammonia (TPDNH3) were applied to investigate the physicochemical properties. Results: Although all the catalysts showed pure silica MFI–type nanosheets and coffin-like morphology, using the isomorphous substitution for Ni incorporation into the ZSM-5 framework led to the formation of materials with lower crystallinity, higher pore volume and stronger acidity compared to using impregnation method. Moreover, it was found that raising the hydrothermal temperature increased the crystallinity and enhanced more uniform incorporation of Ni atoms in the crystalline structure of catalysts. TPD-NH3 analysis demonstrated that high crystallization temperature and short crystallization time of NiZSM-5(350-0.5) resulted in fewer weak acid sites and medium acid strength. The MTO catalytic performance was tested in a fixed bed reactor at 460ºC and GHSV=10500 cm3 /gcat.h. A slightly different reaction pathway was proposed for the production of light olefins over impregnated Ni/ZSM-5 catalysts based on the role of NiO species. The enhanced methanol conversion for isomorphous substituted NiZSM-5 catalysts could be related to the most accessible active sites located inside the pores. Conclusion: The impregnated Ni/ZSM-5 catalyst prepared at low hydrothermal temperature showed the best catalytic performance, while the isomorphous substituted NiZSM-5 prepared at high temperature was found to be the active molecular sieve regarding the stability performance.

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