Philosophical presentation and the implicitly humorous structure of philosophy

Human Affairs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 409-419
Author(s):  
Jeremy Barris
Keyword(s):  
Logical Structure ◽  
Open Part ◽  
The World ◽  
Philosophical Framework

Abstract Philosophy often at least implicitly includes and depends on a logical structure which is also that of jokes. This is the case when philosophy involves questioning or establishing concepts in their own right, and when it involves the kinds of metaphysics which ask about reality and the world as a whole or as such. Taking this humour-like structure into account in presenting philosophy helps, among other things, to lay open part of the character of philosophy itself, to underscore the radical self-perspective that is constitutive of philosophy, and to contextualise the often confusing experience of coming to grips with an unfamiliar philosophical framework.

Hegel's Critique of Foundationalism in the “Doctrine of Essence”

1999 ◽  
Vol 20 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 18-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Houlgate
Keyword(s):  
A Priori ◽  
Logical Structure ◽  
Richard Rorty ◽  
Language And Thought ◽  
The World

It is a commonplace among certain recent philosophers that there is no such thing as the essence of anything. Nietzsche, for example, asserts that things have no essence of their own, because they are nothing but ceaselessly changing ways of acting on, and reacting to, other things. Wittgenstein, famously, rejects the idea that there is an essence to language and thought — at least if we mean by that some a priori logical structure underlying our everyday utterances. Finally, Richard Rorty urges that we “abandon […] the notion of ‘essence’ altogether”, along with “the notion that man's essence is to be a knower of essences”.It would be wrong to maintain that these writers understand the concept of essence in precisely the same way, or that they are all working towards the same philosophical goal. Nevertheless, they do share one aim in common: to undermine the idea that there is some deeper reality or identity underlying and grounding what we encounter in the world, what we say and what we do. That is to say, they may all be described as anti-foundationalist thinkers — thinkers who want us to attend to the specific processes and practices of nature and humanity without understanding them to be the product of some fundamental essence or “absolute”.

Self-Knowledge in Personality Disorder: Self-Referentiality as a Stepping Stone for Psychotherapeutic Understanding

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derek Strijbos ◽  
Gerrit Glas
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
The Self ◽  
Stepping Stone ◽  
The World ◽  
Philosophical Framework ◽  
Self Knowledge

This article provides a philosophical framework to help unpack varieties of self-knowledge in clinical practice. We start from a hermeneutical conception of “the self,” according to which the self is not interpreted as some fixed entity, but as embedded in and emerging from our relating to and interacting with our own conditions and activities, others, and the world. The notion of “self-referentiality” is introduced to further unpack how this self-relational activity can become manifest in one's emotions, speech acts, gestures, and actions. Self-referentiality exemplifies what emotions themselves implicitly signify about the person having them. In the remainder of the article, we distinguish among three different ways in which the self-relational activity can become manifest in therapy. Our model is intended to facilitate therapists’ understanding of their patients’ self-relational activity in therapy, when jointly attending to the self-referential meaning of what their patients feel, say, and do.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Authority and Authenticity in the Laozi: Employing Wu無 as a Philosophical Framework

Religions ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Sharon Y. Small
Keyword(s):  
The Political ◽  
Political Aspect ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
Philosophical Framework ◽  
Generative Processes ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Way

Wu 無 is one of the most prominent terms in Ancient Daoist philosophy, and perhaps the only term to appear more than Dao in both the Laozi and the Zhuangzi. However, unlike Dao, wu is generally used as an adjective modifying or describing nouns such as “names”, “desires”, “knowledge”, “action”, and so forth. Whereas Dao serves as the utmost principle in both generation and practice, wu becomes one of the central methods to achieve or emulate this ideal. As a term of negation, wu usually indicates the absence of something, as seen in its relation to the term you 有—”to have” or “presence”. From the perspective of generative processes, wu functions as an undefined and undifferentiated cosmic situation from which no beginning can begin but everything can emerge. In the political aspect, wu defines, or rather un-defines the actions (non-coercive action, wuwei 無為) that the utmost authority exerts to allow the utmost simplicity and “authenticity” (the zi 自 constructions) of the people. In this paper, I suggest an understanding of wu as a philosophical framework that places Pre-Qin Daoist thought as a system that both promotes our understanding of the way the world works and offers solutions to particular problems. Wu then is simultaneously metaphysical and concrete, general, and particular. It is what allows the world, the society, and the person to flourish on their own terms.

scholarly journals Syntactic Structures: formal considerations 60 years later

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Howard Lasnik
Keyword(s):  
Generative Grammar ◽  
Logical Structure ◽  
Linguistic Theory ◽  
Syntactic Structures ◽  
Syntactic Theory ◽  
The World ◽  
Technical Details

Chomsky (1955), The Logical Structure of Linguistic Theory (henceforth LSLT), laid out in great detail the formal foundations for a rigorous new way of looking at language scientifcally, transformational generative grammar. This awesome accomplishment was announced to the world in Chomsky (1957), Syntactic Structures (henceforth SS), a publication that revolutionized the feld, or really, created a new feld. Needless to say, syntactic theory has undergone vast changes since then, but certain fundamental ideas, and even a few technical details, persist. In this article, I will briefly discuss some instances of each sort.

scholarly journals Role of Logic and Mentality as the Basics of Wittgenstein’s Picture Theory of Language and Extracting Educational Principles and Methods according to this Theory

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Kamal Nosrati Heshi ◽  
Hassanali Bakhtiyar Nasrabadi
Keyword(s):  
Group Discussion ◽  
Heuristic Method ◽  
Logical Structure ◽  
Interactive Methods ◽  
The Real ◽  
Picture Theory ◽  
The World ◽  
Full Picture ◽  
Theory Of Language

<p class="apa">The present paper attempts to recognize principles and methods of education based on Wittgenstein’s picture theory of language. This qualitative research utilized inferential analytical approach to review the related literature and extracted a set of principles and methods from his theory on picture language. Findings revealed that Wittgenstein believed in language as a picture of the real and assumed that the real is reflected in language. He believed that language and mentality are the same and language demonstrates a full picture of mentality. Besides, the world and the language possess a logical structure and this logic rules the world and the language. Later on, his picture theory of language, logic and mentality were used to extract and introduce principles for education as listed here: the reasonability principle, mind involvement principle, matching principle, reasoning principle, creativity principle and formation of mind, comprehensibility principle, liberal thinking principle, and the principle of considering individual differences. Thus, applying the method of concept comprehension, problem oriented method, heuristic method, brainstorming method and finally interactive methods like Socratic question and answer and group discussion method.</p>

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document