Pubertal gynecomastia: years of progress – the Hacettepe experience

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sinem Akgül ◽  
Orhan Derman ◽  
Nuray Kanbur
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Tamoxifen Treatment ◽  
Adolescent Male ◽  
Adolescent Medicine ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Conducting Research ◽  
Pubertal Gynecomastia

Abstract Gynecomastia is defined as an enlargement of the male breast. Although it is commonly seen during puberty, it is often overlooked by many physicians. As adolescent medicine specialists, we believe there is a gap in the literature concerning both the etiology and maybe more importantly the care of these adolescents. Thus, we have been dedicated to conducting research on this topic. The aim of this review article was to evaluate the studies concerning pubertal gynecomastia that took place at the Division of Adolescent Medicine, Hacettepe University, published between the years 2003 and 2016. The review covers in detail both the short- and long-term effectivity and safety of tamoxifen used for the treatment of pubertal gynecomastia. As the exact basis for the pathogenesis of gynecomastia remains unknown, we also evaluate three studies that aimed to answer this question. We additionally review a study that aimed to assess the psychological distress and effect on body image that gynecomastia may have on the adolescent male. An important contribution this review article adds to the literature is as a conclusion to all the studies performed, we present the ‘Hacettepe indications for tamoxifen treatment for pubertal gynecomastia’. These indications will aid physicians when considering treating these patients.

Corporate hypocrisy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Alfonso Garzón Castrillón
Keyword(s):  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Moral Hypocrisy ◽  
Brand Reputation ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
Temporal Direction ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Made In

This review article aimed to contribute to the understanding of the importance of coherence between saying and acting to prevent companies from being perceived from the perspective of business hypocrisy and affecting the brand, reputation, trust and credibility in the company. It was carried out based on the Methodi Ordinatio, addressing its theoretical origins and then approaching the concept, later venturing into the different studies that have approached it from corporate social responsibility (CSR), ethics; reputation, interest groups (stakeholders), and communication, subsequently in relation to the consequences that it generates in world-known organizations, their statements and the criticism made, subsequently an analysis of three aspects or facets is made in which it is presented namely: moral hypocrisy; behavioral hypocrisy and how to attribute business hypocrisy, the next point presents a typology that involves two dimensions: an orientation that refers to the attention span, in the short and long term of participants when making or responding to accusations of hypocrisy and a temporal direction, which refers to the point of comparison, past or future, finally reaches some conclusions, and some practical implications.

Body image and psychological distress after prophylactic mastectomy and breast reconstruction in genetically predisposed women: A prospective long-term follow-up study

2012 ◽  
Vol 48 (9) ◽  
pp. 1263-1268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariska den Heijer ◽  
Caroline Seynaeve ◽  
Reinier Timman ◽  
Hugo J. Duivenvoorden ◽  
Kathleen Vanheusden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Breast Reconstruction ◽  
Prophylactic Mastectomy ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Long Term Follow Up

scholarly journals Long-term Complications of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amar D. Desai ◽  
Michael Lavelle ◽  
Brian C. Boursiquot ◽  
Elaine Wan
Keyword(s):  
Current Literature ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Organ System ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Management Algorithms

SARS-CoV-2 has rapidly spread across the globe and infected hundreds of millions of people worldwide. As our experience with this virus continues to grow, our understanding of the both short and long-term complications of infection with SARS-CoV-2 continues to grow as well. Just as there is heterogeneity in the acute infectious phase, there is heterogeneity in the long-term complications seen following COVID-19 illness. The purpose of this review article is to present the current literature with regards to the epidemiology, pathophysiology and proposed management algorithms for the various long term sequalae that have been observed in each organ system following infection with SARS-CoV-2. We will also consider future directions, with regards to newer variants of the virus and their potential impact on the long-term complications observed.

scholarly journals Chronic Social Defeat During Adolescence Induces Short- and Long-Term Behavioral and Neuroendocrine Effects in Male Swiss-Webster Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Héctor Miguel Mancha-Gutiérrez ◽  
Erika Estrada-Camarena ◽  
Lilian Mayagoitia-Novales ◽  
Elena López-Pacheco ◽  
Carolina López-Rubalcava
Keyword(s):  
Early Adolescence ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Social Defeat ◽  
Adolescent Male ◽  
Normal Brain ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Barnes Maze ◽  
Short And Long Term

Chronic stress exposure during adolescence is a significant risk factor for the development of depression. Chronic social defeat (CSD) in rodents is an animal model of depression with excellent ethological, predictive, discriminative, and face validity. Because the CSD model has not been thoroughly examined as a model of stress-induced depression within the adolescence stage, the present study analyzed the short- and long-term behavioral and neuroendocrine effects of CSD during early adolescence. Therefore, adolescent male Swiss-Webster (SW) mice were exposed to the CSD model from postnatal day (PND) 28 to PND37. Twenty-four hours (mid-adolescence) or 4 weeks (early adulthood) later, mice were tested in two models of depression; the social interaction test (SIT) and forced swimming test (FST); cognitive deficits were evaluated in the Barnes maze (BM). Finally, corticosterone and testosterone content was measured before, during, and after CSD exposure, and serotonin transporter (SERT) autoradiography was studied after CSD in adolescent and adult mice. CSD during early adolescence induced enduring depression-like behaviors as inferred from increased social avoidance and immobility behavior in the SIT and FST, respectively, which correlated in an age-dependent manner with SERT binding in the hippocampus; CSD during early adolescence also induced long-lasting learning and memory impairments in the Barnes maze (BM). Finally, CSD during early adolescence increased serum corticosterone levels in mid-adolescence and early adulthood and delayed the expected increase in serum testosterone levels observed at this age. In conclusion: (1) CSD during early adolescence induced long-lasting depression-like behaviors, (2) sensitivity of SERT density during normal brain development was revealed, (3) CSD during early adolescence induced enduring cognitive deficits, and (4) results highlight the vulnerability of the adolescent brain to social stressors on the adrenal and gonadal axes, which emphasizes the importance of an adequate interaction between both axes during adolescence for normal development of brain and behavior.

scholarly journals Short- and long-term use of medication for psychological distress after the diagnosis of cancer

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 757-768 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng-Hsu Wang ◽  
Lynn Chu Huang ◽  
Chen-Chang Yang ◽  
Chi-Liang Chen ◽  
Yiing-Jenq Chou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Diagnosis Of Cancer ◽  
Short And Long Term

Reduction mammaplasty improves levels of anxiety, depression and body image satisfaction in patients with symptomatic macromastia in the short and long term

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 268-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther Pérez-Panzano ◽  
Ana Gascón-Catalán ◽  
Ramón Sousa-Domínguez ◽  
Patricia Carrera-Lasfuentes ◽  
Javier García-Campayo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Reduction Mammaplasty ◽  
Body Image Satisfaction ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Anxiety Depression

scholarly journals Youth, Caregiver, and Prescriber Experiences of Antipsychotic-Related Weight Gain

ISRN Obesity ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Lynn Murphy ◽  
David Martin Gardner ◽  
Steve Kisely ◽  
Charmaine Cooke ◽  
Stanley Paul Kutcher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Metabolic Changes ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Recent Experience ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Long Term Consequences

Objectives. To explore the lived experience of youth, caregivers, and prescribers with antipsychotic medications. Design. We conducted a qualitative interpretive phenomenology study. Youth aged 11 to 25 with recent experience taking antipsychotics, the caregivers of youth taking antipsychotics, and the prescribers of antipsychotics were recruited. Subjects. Eighteen youth, 10 caregivers (parents), and 11 prescribers participated. Results. Eleven of 18 youth, six of ten parents, and all prescribers discussed antipsychotic-related weight gain. Participants were attuned to the numeric weight changes usually measured in pounds. Significant discussions occurred around weight changes in the context of body image, adherence and persistence, managing weight increases, and metabolic effects. These concepts were often inextricably linked but maintained the significance as separate issues. Participants discussed tradeoffs regarding the perceived benefits and risks of weight gain, often with uncertainty and inadequate information regarding the short- and long-term consequences. Conclusion. Antipsychotic-related weight gain in youth influences body image and weight management strategies and impacts treatment courses with respect to adherence and persistence. In our study, the experience of monitoring for weight and metabolic changes was primarily reactive in nature. Participants expressed ambiguity regarding the short- and long-term consequences of weight and metabolic changes.

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