scholarly journals Long-term Complications of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amar D. Desai ◽  
Michael Lavelle ◽  
Brian C. Boursiquot ◽  
Elaine Wan
Keyword(s):  
Current Literature ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Organ System ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Management Algorithms

SARS-CoV-2 has rapidly spread across the globe and infected hundreds of millions of people worldwide. As our experience with this virus continues to grow, our understanding of the both short and long-term complications of infection with SARS-CoV-2 continues to grow as well. Just as there is heterogeneity in the acute infectious phase, there is heterogeneity in the long-term complications seen following COVID-19 illness. The purpose of this review article is to present the current literature with regards to the epidemiology, pathophysiology and proposed management algorithms for the various long term sequalae that have been observed in each organ system following infection with SARS-CoV-2. We will also consider future directions, with regards to newer variants of the virus and their potential impact on the long-term complications observed.

Corporate hypocrisy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Alfonso Garzón Castrillón
Keyword(s):  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Moral Hypocrisy ◽  
Brand Reputation ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
Temporal Direction ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Made In

This review article aimed to contribute to the understanding of the importance of coherence between saying and acting to prevent companies from being perceived from the perspective of business hypocrisy and affecting the brand, reputation, trust and credibility in the company. It was carried out based on the Methodi Ordinatio, addressing its theoretical origins and then approaching the concept, later venturing into the different studies that have approached it from corporate social responsibility (CSR), ethics; reputation, interest groups (stakeholders), and communication, subsequently in relation to the consequences that it generates in world-known organizations, their statements and the criticism made, subsequently an analysis of three aspects or facets is made in which it is presented namely: moral hypocrisy; behavioral hypocrisy and how to attribute business hypocrisy, the next point presents a typology that involves two dimensions: an orientation that refers to the attention span, in the short and long term of participants when making or responding to accusations of hypocrisy and a temporal direction, which refers to the point of comparison, past or future, finally reaches some conclusions, and some practical implications.

scholarly journals The potential impact of dietary supplement adulteration on patient assessment and treatment from a healthcare provider’s perspective

2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary Gabriels ◽  
Mohamed Irhuma
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
Health Benefit ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Nutritional Content ◽  
Exponential Increase ◽  
Assessment And Treatment ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Perceived Intention

Dietary supplements have been manufactured and supplied to the market with the objective of enhancing the overall health of the general population and optimising the performance of athletes. The perceived intention of dietary supplementation is to increase the nutritional content of a normal diet, and to fill a dietary need and/or presumed deficiency. The usage and popularity of dietary supplements, however, raises concerns from a health benefit and risk perspective. Moreover, safety and efficacy of these supplements have generally not been established by the Medicines Regulatory Authorities, both nationally and internationally. The exponential increase in supplement sales can, however, be attributed to aggressive marketing by manufacturers, rather than the development of more effective nutritional supplements. These supplements may contain adulterated substances that may potentially have harmful short- and long-term health consequences for the patient. In addition, a large spectrum of drug interactions may render the use of such supplements risky, without proper medical and scientific assessment.

scholarly journals Managing for the Long-term – Strategies for Initiating and Maintaining Successful Continuous Dopaminergic Stimulation Treatment

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 ((Suppl.1)) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Tove Henriksen ◽  
Per Odin ◽  
Jens Volkmann ◽  
Angelo Antonini ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Continuous Dopaminergic Stimulation ◽  
Choice Of Treatment ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Selection Algorithms ◽  
More Trial ◽  
Dopaminergic Stimulation ◽  
Management Algorithms

There are many factors that may influence treatment choice in patients with Parkinson’s disease. While ‘inclusion’ criteria include the clinical need for short- and long-term improvement, there are some well defined contraindications to continuous dopaminergic stimulation (CDS) therapies, such as age, cognitive impairment, psychosis or severe orthostatic hypotension. These contraindications vary between CDS therapies and can help guide the choice of treatment. Patient preferences and the practicalities of the treatment modality also play an important part in the decision-making process. Treatment selection algorithms have been developed and presented, but they require refining and need to be expanded to include guidance on management decisions – for example, when initial CDS therapy fails. While more trial data are gathered and as management algorithms evolve, case studies continue to provide important information on practical aspects of CDS therapies.

scholarly journals Gallbladder mucocoele: A review

2015 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tesh M. Smalle ◽  
Alane K. Cahalane ◽  
Liza S. Köster
Keyword(s):  
Current Literature ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Serum Biochemistry ◽  
Biliary Disease ◽  
Biliary Surgery ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Short And Long Term

Gallbladder mucocoele (GBM) is an abnormal, intraluminal accumulation of inspissated bile and/or mucous within the gallbladder. Older, small- to medium-breed dogs seem to be predisposed, but no sex predilection has been identified. Clinical signs are often non-specific and include vomiting, lethargy, anorexia, abdominal pain, icterus and polyuria–polydipsia. Results of a complete blood count may be unremarkable, but serum biochemistry usually reveals increased liver enzymes. The ultrasonographic appearance is diagnostic and well described in the literature. Surgical intervention for the treatment of GBM remains the therapeutic gold standard, with short- and long-term survival for biliary surgery being 66%. The worst outcome is seen in those dogs requiring cholecystoenterostomy. With GBM becoming an apparently increasingly common cause of extrahepatic biliary disease in canines, it is essential that clinicians become familiar with the current literature pertaining to this condition. Numerous predisposing factors are highlighted in this review article and the role of certain endocrinopathies (e.g. hyperadrenocorticism and hypothyroidism) in the development of GBM is touched upon. Furthermore, the aetiopathogenesis of this disease is discussed with reference to the latest literature. Cholecystectomy remains the treatment of choice, but other options are considered based on a current literature review.

Focal Psychotherapy: Its Potential Impact on Psychotherapeutic Practice in Medicine

1972 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 311-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul H. Ornstein ◽  
Anna Ornstein
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Process ◽  
Practitioner Training ◽  
Therapeutic Results ◽  
Complete Treatment ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

A condensed illustration of a complete treatment process of “focal psychotherapy” is presented to contrast the specificity of this form of psychotherapy with nonspecific approaches. A two-year follow-up illustrates the meaning of specificity. The relationship of therapeutic results to the focal interventions is reflected in the patient's own views of his accomplishments in therapy. The theory and techniques of focal psychotherapy were originally worked out by Balint and his co-workers. The case example presented here is the basis of discussion showing how focal psychotherapy can help re-conceptualize and add precision to the theory, techniques and processes of both short- and long-term psychoanalytic psychotherapy. Such increased precision in interventions and focal aims could help leaders and general practitioner training groups to better achieve their collaborative tasks.

scholarly journals Future Directions in the Management of Twin-to-Twin Transfusion Syndrome

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Cincotta ◽  
Sailesh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Laser Ablation ◽  
Loss Rate ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Fetal Loss ◽  
Major Complication ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
Optimum Frequency ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Short And Long Term

Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) is the major complication of monochorionic (MC) pregnancy. The outcomes of this condition have been significantly improved after the introduction and widespread uptake of fetoscopic laser ablation over the last decade. However, there is still a significant fetal loss rate and morbidity associated with this condition. Improvements in the management of TTTS will require improvements in many areas. They are likely to involve refinements in the prediction of the disease and clarification of the optimum frequency of surveillance and monitoring. Improvements in training for fetoscopic surgery as well as in the technique of fetoscopic laser ablation may lead to better outcomes. New technologies as well as a better understanding of the pathophysiology of TTTS may lead to adjuvant medical therapies that may also improve short- and long-term results.

Pubertal gynecomastia: years of progress – the Hacettepe experience

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sinem Akgül ◽  
Orhan Derman ◽  
Nuray Kanbur
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Tamoxifen Treatment ◽  
Adolescent Male ◽  
Adolescent Medicine ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Conducting Research ◽  
Pubertal Gynecomastia

Abstract Gynecomastia is defined as an enlargement of the male breast. Although it is commonly seen during puberty, it is often overlooked by many physicians. As adolescent medicine specialists, we believe there is a gap in the literature concerning both the etiology and maybe more importantly the care of these adolescents. Thus, we have been dedicated to conducting research on this topic. The aim of this review article was to evaluate the studies concerning pubertal gynecomastia that took place at the Division of Adolescent Medicine, Hacettepe University, published between the years 2003 and 2016. The review covers in detail both the short- and long-term effectivity and safety of tamoxifen used for the treatment of pubertal gynecomastia. As the exact basis for the pathogenesis of gynecomastia remains unknown, we also evaluate three studies that aimed to answer this question. We additionally review a study that aimed to assess the psychological distress and effect on body image that gynecomastia may have on the adolescent male. An important contribution this review article adds to the literature is as a conclusion to all the studies performed, we present the ‘Hacettepe indications for tamoxifen treatment for pubertal gynecomastia’. These indications will aid physicians when considering treating these patients.

scholarly journals Best practice recommendations for the use of external telemetry devices on pinnipeds

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Horning ◽  
Russel D. Andrews ◽  
Amanda M. Bishop ◽  
Peter L. Boveng ◽  
Daniel P. Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Best Practice ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Marine Animals ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Practice Recommendations ◽  
Experimental Justification ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Current Guidance ◽  
The Three Rs

Abstract Pinnipeds spend large portions of their lives at sea, submerged, or hauled-out on land, often on remote off-shore islands. This fundamentally limits access by researchers to critical parts of pinniped life history and has spurred the development and implementation of a variety of externally attached telemetry devices (ETDs) to collect information about movement patterns, physiology and ecology of marine animals when they cannot be directly observed. ETDs are less invasive and easier to apply than implanted internal devices, making them more widely used. However, ETDs have limited retention times and their use may result in negative short- and long-term consequences including capture myopathy, impacts to energetics, behavior, and entanglement risk. We identify 15 best practice recommendations for the use of ETDs with pinnipeds that address experimental justification, animal capture, tag design, tag attachment, effects assessments, preparation, and reporting. Continued improvement of best practices is critical within the framework of the Three Rs (Reduction, Refinement, Replacement); these best practice recommendations provide current guidance to mitigate known potential negative outcomes for individuals and local populations. These recommendations were developed specifically for pinnipeds; however, they may also be applicable to studies of other marine taxa. We conclude with four desired future directions for the use of ETDs in technology development, validation studies, experimental designs and data sharing.

scholarly journals Reviewing perspectives on third-party impacts of mega-regional trade agreements: implications for Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-70
Author(s):  
NIELS SONDERGAARD
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Trade Agreement ◽  
Trade Agreements ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Regional Trade Agreements ◽  
Regional Trade ◽  
Trading System ◽  
Potential Impact

ABSTRACT The present review article examines the potential impact of mega-regional trade agreements on Brazil as a third-party. The literature initially reviewed identifies the “deep regulation” proposed in mega-regional agreements as an expression of structural changes within the global trading system, which in spite of the current stagnation of these negotiations highlights the relevance of scrutinizing their potential implications for outsiders. The article subsequently examines projections made of the short- and intermediate term economic impacts of this type of trade agreement on Brazil as a third-party, and here upon engages with perspectives treating their long-term structural implications.

scholarly journals Parents under Lockdown: the Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Families

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-111
Author(s):  
Elisabetta Biffi ◽  
Maria Benedetta Gambacorti-Passerini ◽  
Daniela Bianchi
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Family ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Potential Impact

This paper explores aspects of parenting during COVID-19 lockdown, analyzing the international literature and presenting a study conducted in Italy during the initial period of social isolation (March-May 2020). The pandemic has made childcare challenging for parents globally, compromising the well-being and mental health of caregivers themselves (Brooks et al., 2020), and creating a potentially highly vulnerable situation for children (Gromada, Richardson, Rees, 2020). The COVID-19 emergency and the restrictions it has entailed bear short- and long-term implications for families, including the potential impact of delaying implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals (United Nations, 2015) and increased risk of children witnessing or experiencing violence and abuse (End Violence Against Children, 2020). Given this background, we investigated the family ecosystem, exploring both individual and parental factors in parents’ relationships with their children, during lockdown.

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