Depression and anxiety in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome: a literature survey

Abstract Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is the most frequent endocrine disorder among women of reproductive age. Some of the indications and symptoms of PCOS include amenorrhoea, hirsutism, infertility, obesity, acne vulgaris and androgenic alopecia. PCOS is a crippling condition that affects a woman’s identity, mental health and overall quality of life (QOL). In persons with PCOS, anxiety and sadness are assumed to be multifactorial. According to some specialists, physical symptoms like acne, hirsutism and obesity have been linked to psychiatric morbidities. Many aspects of it remain unknown, including its cause, progression throughout life, symptom spectrum and level of morbidity. PCOS is a complex disease that has an impact on many aspects of a person’s health, including their mental health. Anxiety and depression are three times as common in PCOS patients as in non-PCOS people. Anxiety and depression symptoms are also more common and more intense in those with PCOS. There isn’t enough research on the prevalence of anxiety and depression in patients with PCOS. It’s unclear what causes persons with PCOS to be more anxious and depressed. It could be the result of PCOS symptoms, hormonal changes, or a combination of factors that are currently unclear. Our review article will help to highlight the most recent research on anxiety and depression in PCOS women.

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POLYCYSTIC OVARIAN SYNDROME;

The Professional Medical Journal ◽

10.29309/tpmj/2013.20.05.1208 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 20 (05) ◽

pp. 719-725

Author(s):

SHAZIA SHUKAR-UD-DIN ◽

SADAF AHMED ASIM ◽

SYEDA RABIA ◽

Rumina Tabassum ◽

Aisha Razzaque

Keyword(s):

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome ◽

Acne Vulgaris ◽

T Test ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Anthropometric Measurement ◽

Common Disease ◽

Polycystic Ovaries ◽

Serum Lh ◽

The Mean ◽

Ovarian Syndrome

Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome is a common disease among the women in reproductive age group and morecommon in South Asian women. Clinical presentations include menstrual disorders, subfertility, obesity,hirsutism, acne vulgaris andacanthosis. Objectives: The objective of study was to investigate co relation between acne and polycystic ovaries and its relation tomenstrual irregularity. Methodology: A total of 56women were enrolled in the study from Outpatient Department of Obs&Gynae andDermatology, Dow University Hosptial, Ojha campus by convenient sampling. It was cross sectional study, conducted from July 2012 toNovember 2012.Verbal consent was taken. Sociodemographic information,Anthropometric measurement (height, weight, BMI) andacne severity with affected area, menstrual irregularities were administered on pre designed questionnaire.Pelvic ultrasound forpolycystic ovaries and serum LH, FSH in follicular phase of menstrual cycle (2nd day) advised from Dow Radiology and Dow Labrespectively. Results: A total of56 patients of PCOS were enrolled during five month period. The mean age of patient was 21.1+_SD0.994. Frequency of acne was 32 (57.1%).The mean BMI was 19.66 +_SD 4.54. Face was the commonest area involved in 24 (42.9%).menstrual irregularity was found in 50 (89.4%) women. There was no statistically significant relation seen between acne andoligomenorrhea. (X2 = 0.55 , P = 0.45). It was also determined that there was no co relation seen between the acne and serumtestosterone level calculated by independent sample t test.(P = 0.17) but statistically significant association seen between severity ofacne and serum LH/FSH ratio. (t test =3.28, p= 0.004) Conclusion: Acne was found in 32 (57.1%) women with PCOS. The study resultsrevealed a significant association seen between severity of acne and serum LH/FSH ratio. Relation between acne and serum testosteronelevel was statistically insignificant.

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Polycystic ovarian syndrome in patients with schizophrenia treated with atypical anti-psychotics: A case control study

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.1397 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 41 (S1) ◽

pp. S751-S751

Author(s):

V. De Silva ◽

A. Senanayake ◽

S.S. Ratnatunga ◽

S. Dissanayake ◽

S. Gamage ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Ultra Sound ◽

Control Group ◽

Anti Psychotic ◽

Androgenic Alopecia ◽

Free T4 ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Ovarian Syndrome ◽

Normal Controls

ObjectiveObjective was to compare the prevalence of probable polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) in females treated with atypical anti-psychotics with normal controls.AimsTo compare the prevalence of PCOS in patients treated with atypical anti-psychotics and normal controls. To study the hormone profiles in these two groups.MethodsCases consisted of 102 reproductive age females with schizophrenia treated with atypical anti-psychotics for ≥6 months and had gained ≥10% body weight. Control group was 123 age and BMI matched females. Menstrual history, physical examination for hirsuitism, acne, androgenic alopecia, anthropometrics measures, Ultrasound abdomen and hormone analysis were done.ResultsMean age of cases = 33.17 years (SD 8.9) and controls = 33.08 years (SD 5.6). Mean BMI of cases = 25.92 (SD 5.2) and controls = 25.03 (SD 4.3). Polycystic ovarian morphology of ovaries on ultra sound scan was significantly more in cases 49 (48%) than controls 16 (13.%) (P < 0.001). Probable PCOS was significantly more in atypical anti-psychotic treated females (n = 22, 21.56%) than in normal controls (n = 10, 8.13%) (P = 0.04). Atypical anti-psychotic treated patients with PCOS had significantly lower mean LH levels 6.69 mIU/L than those without PCOS 10.30 (P = 0.35). There was no significant difference in testosterone, FSH, prolactin, TSH and free T4 levels.ConclusionTreatment with atypical anti-psychotics is associated with higher prevalence of PCOS. This has not been reported previously. The hormonal profile in these patients may be different with low testosterone and LH levels.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Anxiety and Depression Symptoms of Patients in Fangcang Shelter Hospital During the COVID-19 Outbreak in China: a Web-Based Cross-Sectional Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-30347/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Ling-Ling Dai ◽

Xi Wang ◽

Tian-Chi Jiang ◽

Peng-Fei Li ◽

Yu Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Physical Symptoms ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Depression Symptoms ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

Poor Sleep Quality ◽

Independent Risk Factors ◽

Anxiety Depression

Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic is a major health crisis has led to adverse mental health consequences in the general public, medical staff, and individual in self isolation. In order to stop transmission of the virus and save lives, Fangcang shelter hospitals were developed and used for the first time in China. However, there is no research on mental health problems in Fangcang shelter hospitals patients during the COVID-19 outbreak. The aim of this study was to survey the prevalence and major influencing factors of anxiety, depression among the hospitalized Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases in Fangcang shelter hospital. Methods From February 23rd, 2020, to February 26th, 2020, we obtained the information of demographic data, clinical symptoms, and assessed the mental health status, sleep quality by using an online questionnaire including self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), self-rating depressive scale (SDS) and pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) at Jianghan Fangcang shelter hospital. We assessed the prevalence of anxiety, depression symptoms and poor sleep quality via the scores of SAS, SDS and PSQI. We explored the influencing factors of anxiety and depression in COVID-19 patients using multivariable logistic regression models. Results We collected data from 307 COVID-19 patients in Jianghan Fangcang shelter hospital. The prevalence of anxiety, depression symptoms were 18.6% and 13.4%, respectively. Poor Sleep quality, number of current physical symptoms ≥ 2 were independent risk factors for anxiety symptoms (P < 0.05); female, family member confirmed COVID-19, number of current physical symptoms ≥ 2 were independent risk factors for depression symptoms (P < 0.05). PSQI scores were significant positively associate with SAS scores and SDS scores (P ༜ 0.05). Conclusions Anxiety and depression are common among the COVID-19 patients in Fangcang shelter hospital. Those with more current physical symptoms, poor sleep quality are more likely to have anxiety. Females, those with their family members diagnosed with COVID-19, more current physical symptoms are more vulnerable to depression symptom. Our findings can be used to formulate targeted psychological interventions to reduce adverse psychological impacts in Fangcang shelter hospital during the outbreak of epidemic disease in the future.

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The physical symptoms of polycystic ovarian syndrome exacerbate the mental health symptoms of borderline personality disorder

Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1177/00048674211062533 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 000486742110625

Author(s):

Tia Tsinanis ◽

Eveline Mu ◽

Jayashri Kulkarni

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Borderline Personality Disorder ◽

Personality Disorder ◽

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome ◽

Physical Symptoms ◽

Borderline Personality ◽

Mental Health Symptoms ◽

Health Symptoms ◽

Ovarian Syndrome

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The effect of polycystic ovarian syndrome on the mental health of women of reproductive age

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences ◽

10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20212245 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 1741

Author(s):

Oluwatoni D. Adebisi ◽

Blessing C. Denwigwe-aggrey ◽

Ashiat Bolanle Tairu ◽

Ngozichukwu Ozoemena ◽

Joy F. David ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Psychological Health ◽

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome ◽

The Body ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Health Improvement ◽

Early Assessment ◽

Women Of Reproductive Age ◽

The Individual ◽

Ovarian Syndrome

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is defined as a hormonal disorder that is prevalent among women of reproductive age. It affects the metabolic, endocrine, and reproductive systems of the body as well as mental health. We compared up to 20 peer-reviewed literature that displayed the relationship between PCOS and mental health. We searched the PMC/NCBI/NIH database and we used the following keywords while searching the database: "polycystic ovarian syndrome" or "PCOS" and "mental health" or "depression" or "anxiety" or "low self-esteem" were included in the search for articles. Women of reproductive age are seen to be affected by PCOS. The effect of polycystic ovarian syndrome on the mental health of women of reproductive age has serious complications. Complications include an increased rate of anxiety and depression in the individual. When there is an increase in depression and anxiety, it tends to affect the physical changes and the confidence of women with PCOS. PCOS has been proven to be incurable but its symptoms can be managed. PCOS is linked with mental health and it has serious implications on the psychological health of the individual. Management of PCOS should include an early assessment of the patients’ mental health. If required, medications for mental health improvement should be prescribed in addition to medication for treating the physical and biochemical symptoms of PCOS.

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Psychological complications of polycystic ovarian syndrome and women’s health

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences ◽

10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20195900 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 159

Author(s):

Umber Fatima ◽

Mubashra Naz ◽

Humaira Zafar ◽

Anees Fatima ◽

Attiya Yasmeen

Keyword(s):

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

P Value ◽

Comprehensive Treatment ◽

Chi Square ◽

Related Quality ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Ovarian Syndrome

Background: Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) affects approximately 5-10% females of reproductive age worldwide. Recent research shows that this syndrome is associated with psychological upset and devastating effects on women′s mental health and wellbeing. Lack of clinicians′ awareness of adverse psychological effects is a major concern in developing countries to provide standard care and to improve overall health outcomes.Purpose of study was to determine the frequency of anxiety and depression among women with PCOS in order to promote awareness among clinicians about psychological complications of disease.Methods: Present study was conducted in the department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology/ University Medical and Dental College, from October 2018 to March 2019. Sixty patients with diagnosis of PCOD and sixty participants without this disease were included in the study. Participants having other endocrine or metabolic disorders were excluded from study. Hospital anxiety and depression scale was used to detect anxiety and depression among both groups. SPSS version 16 was used for data analysis. Chi- square test was applied to compare prevalence of anxiety and depression in both groups, p-value ˂0.05 was taken as statistically significant.Results: Women having PCOD exhibited statistically significant prevalence of anxiety (78.3% vs 35%) and depression (60% vs 30%) with p value of 0.0001 and 0.001 respectively.Conclusions: It is highly recommended that initial evaluation of these patients should include assessment of psychological domain of disease to provide more comprehensive treatment to improve overall health related quality of life.

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Uterine Function: From Normal to Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Alterations

Current Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/0929867325666171205144119 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 25 (15) ◽

pp. 1792-1804 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Silvana R. Ferreira ◽

Alicia B. Motta

Keyword(s):

Endometrial Cancer ◽

Adhesion Molecules ◽

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome ◽

Cellular Proliferation ◽

Steroid Receptors ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Present Review ◽

Implantation Failure ◽

Uterine Function ◽

Ovarian Syndrome

Background: The endometrium is one of the most important female reproductive organs. Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a reproductive and endocrine pathology that affect women of reproductive age. PCOS negatively affects the endometrium, leading to implantation failure and proliferative aberrations. Methods: We conducted a search at the http://www.ncbi.nlm.nhi.gov/pubmed/electronic database using the following key words: endometrial steroid receptors, endometrium, uterine function, endometrium and PCOS, implantation window, implantation and PCOS, implantation markers, inflammation, oxidative stress. We selected the articles based on their titles and abstracts, then we analyzed the full text and classified the articles depending on the information provided according to the sections of the present review. Results: The endocrine and metabolic abnormalities displayed in women with PCOS promote complex effects on the endometrium, leading to a low rate of implantation and even infertility. Women with PCOS show alterations in the Hypothalamic-Pituitary- Ovarian axis, which results in constant circulating levels of estrogen, similar to those at the early follicular phase, and a deficiency in the withdrawal of estrogen and progesterone. Besides this deficiency in the withdrawal of estrogen and progesterone, the insulin/ glucose pathway, adhesion molecules, cytokines and the inflammatory cascade, together with the establishment of a pro-oxidative status, lead to an imbalance in the uterine function, which in turn leads to implantation failure or even endometrial cancer. Conclusion: Women with PCOS display a dysregulation of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary- Ovarian axis, which alters the steroid pathway. In addition, the deficiency in the withdrawal of estrogen and progesterone in the endometrium results in abnormal endometrial cellular proliferation. The imbalance in adipose tissue observed in PCOS patients reinforces the increase in circulating hormones. The present review describes the role of hormones, metabolites, cytokines, adhesion molecules and the insulin/glucose pathway related to the uterine endometrium in women with PCOS and their role in implantation failure and development of endometrial cancer.

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Childhood Material Hardship and Adolescent Mental Health

Youth & Society ◽

10.1177/0044118x211001896 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 0044118X2110018

Author(s):

Chrisse Edmunds ◽

Melissa Alcaraz

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Adolescent Depression ◽

Adolescent Mental Health ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Fragile Families ◽

Depression Symptoms ◽

Depression And Anxiety ◽

Material Hardship ◽

Critical Age ◽

The Relationship

Adolescent mental health has implications for current and future wellbeing. While a link exists between poverty and mental health, little is known about how experiencing material hardship, such as insecurity of food, housing, utilities, and medical care, throughout early childhood affects adolescent mental health. We examine the relationship between material hardship in childhood and adolescent mental health. We use Poisson regression to examine the effect of material hardship experienced at different stages of childhood on adolescent depression and anxiety outcomes at age 15. We use longitudinal data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study ( N = 3,222). We find that recently experiencing material hardship during childhood is positively and significantly associated with anxiety and depression symptoms at age 15, even when controlling for material hardship at age 15. Additionally, we find that insecurity during mid-childhood and the stress of lacking basic needs during a critical age may influence mental health in adolescence.

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