Biflavonoid fraction from Garcinia kola seed ameliorates hormonal imbalance and testicular oxidative damage by anti-tuberculosis drugs in Wistar rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aderemi Kehinde ◽  
Adedoyin Adefisan ◽  
Olayinka Adebayo ◽  
Oluwatosin Adaramoye
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Male Reproductive System ◽  
Oh Radicals ◽  
Sperm Characteristics

AbstractTuberculosis (TB) is a global health problem. The effects of anti-TB drugs on male reproductive system have not been properly evaluated. We investigated the effects of anti-TB drugs on testicular antioxidant indices, sperm characteristics and hormonal levels in rats, and the protective role of kolaviron (KV), a biflavonoid fromTwenty-eight male Wistar rats were assigned into four groups and orally treated with corn oil (control), anti-TB drugs [4-Tabs=isoniazid (5 mg/kg), rifampicin (10 mg/kg), pyrazinamide (15 mg/kg) and ethambutol (15 mg/kg) in combination], anti-TB drugs +KV and KV alone (200 mg/kg). Anti-TB drugs and KV were given three times per week for 8 weeks. In vitro, reducing power, inhibition of lipid peroxidation (LPO), diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and hydroxyl radical scavenging effects of KV were examined.KV at 10, 20, 50 and 100 μg/mL showed strong reducing potential and effectively scavenged DPPH and OH radicals in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, KV significantly inhibited LPO in rats’ liver homogenate. In vivo, administration of 4-Tabs caused a significant (p<0.05) decrease in body weight gain and weight of testis of rats. Body weight gain and weight of testis decreased by 45% and 36%, respectively, in the 4-Tabs-treated rats. Also, 4-Tabs increased testicular lipid peroxidation by 82%, with a concomitant decrease in antioxidant indices. Testicular reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase decreased by 2.2-, 1.9- and 1.6-folds, respectively. Likewise, 4-Tabs markedly decreased sperm count, motility, luteinizing hormone and testosterone. Co-administration of KV with 4-Tabs normalized body weight, enhanced antioxidant system and improved sperm characteristics.Kolaviron protects male reproductive system from oxidative damage by anti-tuberculosis drugs via the antioxidative mechanism.

scholarly journals Whey protein isolate and glycomacropeptide decrease weight gain and alter body composition in male Wistar rats

2008 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Royle ◽  
Graeme H. McIntosh ◽  
Peter M. Clifton
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Whey Protein ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Whey Protein Isolate ◽  
Protein Isolate ◽  
Whey Protein Concentrate ◽  
Protein Concentrate

The effect of feed protein type on body composition and growth has been examined. Evidence exists that whey protein concentrate is effective at limiting body fat expansion. The presence of caseinomacropeptide, a mixture of glycosylated and non-glycosylated carbohydrate residues, in particular glycomacropeptide (GMP) in whey protein concentrate may be important for this effect. The influence of whey protein isolate (WPI) and GMP on weight gain and body composition was examined by feeding Wistar rats ad libitum for 7 weeks with five semi-purified American Institute of Nutrition-based diets differing in protein type: (1) casein; (2) barbequed beef; (3) control WPI (no GMP); (4) WPI+GMP at 100 g/kg; (5) WPI+GMP at 200 g/kg. Body composition was assessed, and plasma samples were assayed for TAG, insulin and glucose. Body-weight gain was lower ( − 21 %) on the control WPI diet relative to casein, with a non-significant influence associated with GMP inclusion ( − 30 %), the effect being equivalent at both levels of GMP addition. Renal and carcass fat mass were reduced in the highest GMP diet when compared with WPI (P < 0·05). Plasma insulin was lowered by GMP at the highest addition compared with WPI alone ( − 53 %; P < 0·01). Plasma TAG in the WPI+GMP (200 g/kg) group were lower ( − 27 %; P < 0·05) than the casein and beef groups. In conclusion, GMP appears to have a significant additional influence when combined with WPI on fat accumulation. WPI alone appears to have the predominant influence accounting for 70 % of the overall effect on body-weight gain. Mechanisms for this effect have not been identified but food intake was not responsible.

Insecticide chlorpyrifos and fungicide carbendazim, common food contaminants mixture, induce hepatic, renal, and splenic oxidative damage in female rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 483-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
AO Abolaji ◽  
IO Awogbindin ◽  
IA Adedara ◽  
EO Farombi
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
The Body ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Exposure Group ◽  
Food Contaminants ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes Activities

The fungicide carbendazim (CBZ) and insecticide chlorpyrifos (CPF) are currently applied together by farmers for the control of pests. Here, we investigated the impacts of 7 days oral co-exposure to 10 mg/kg body weight of CPF and 50 mg/kg body weight of CBZ on selected oxidative stress and antioxidant biomarkers in the liver, kidney, and spleen of female rats. The results showed that while the body weight gain and relative organ weights were not significantly affected after separate exposure to CPF and CBZ, there was a significant decrease in the body weight gain with concomitant increases in the relative kidney and spleen weights of rats treated with the mixture. Also, CPF and CBZ co-exposure significantly increased the levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), urea, and creatinine ( p < 0.05) when compared with the groups treated with CBZ or CPF alone and the control. The significant decreases in both antioxidant enzymes activities and nonenzymatic antioxidant level following individual administration of CPF and CBZ to rats were intensified in the co-exposure group ( p < 0.05). Additionally, the marked increases in the levels of oxidative stress indices in liver, kidney, and spleen of rats treated with CPF or CBZ alone were intensified in the co-exposure group ( p < 0.05). Histopathologically, co-exposure to CPF and CBZ exacerbates their individual effects on the liver, kidney, and spleen. These findings showed that co-exposure to CPF and CBZ in rats elicited more severe oxidative damage on the liver, kidney, and spleen of the rats, indicative of an additive effect compared to CPF or CBZ alone and as such, may pose a greater environmental risk to humans.

scholarly journals Hypoglycaemic and anorexigenic activities of an α-amylase inhibitor from white kidney beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) in Wistar rats

2004 ◽  
Vol 92 (5) ◽  
pp. 785-790 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Tormo ◽  
I. Gil-Exojo ◽  
A. Romero de Tejada ◽  
J. E. Campillo
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Insulin Response ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Amylase Inhibitor ◽  
Kidney Beans

An inhibitor of α-amylase was isolated and purified from an extract of white kidney beans (Phaseolus vulgaris). The acute oral administration of the inhibitor (50 mg/kg body weight) to adult Wistar rats together with a starch load (2 g/kg body weight suspended in NaCl (9 g/l)) reduced the increase in glycaemia over the basal value (NaCl, 222 (SEM 49); inhibitor, 145 (SEM 16) mmol/l×180 min; P<0.05) without modifying the insulin response. On administering the inhibitor orally (50 mg/kg body weight dissolved in NaCl (9 g/l)) for 21 d to rats fed on a standard diet, a decline was observed in the glycaemia values on day 0 (NaCl, 5.53 (SEM 0.12); inhibitor, 5.25 (SEM 0.16) mmol/l) relative to those obtained on days 10 (NaCl, 5.00 (SEM 0.14); inhibitor, 4.60 (SEM 0.08) mmol/l; P<0.05) and 21 (NaCl, 5.22 (SEM 0.22); inhibitor, 4.50 (SEM 0.12) mmol/l; P<0.01) of treatment, without modifying the plasma concentration of insulin. There was found to be a significant anorexigenic action of the inhibitor; there was reduced food intake (NaCl, 23.07 (SEM 0.31); inhibitor, 19.50 (SEM 0.49) g/d; P<0.01), a reduced weight gain (NaCl, 52 (SEM 3); inhibitor, −1.33 (SEM 8.9) g/21 d; P<0.01), as well as changes in the activity of some intestinal enzymes such as maltase (NaCl, 87 (SEM 7); inhibitor, 127 (SEM 11) U/g proteins; P<0.05). The present study has shown, for the first time, that the prolonged administration of an α-amylase inhibitor reduces blood glucose levels and body-weight gain in Wistar rats.

Effect of serum estradiol and leptin levels on thyroid function, food intake and body weight gain in female Wistar rats

Steroids ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 75 (10) ◽  
pp. 638-642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiago U. Pantaleão ◽  
Felippe Mousovich ◽  
Doris Rosenthal ◽  
Álvaro S. Padrón ◽  
Denise P. Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Serum Estradiol ◽  
Female Wistar Rats

scholarly journals 3-O-β-D-Glucosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucosyl-kaempferol Isolated from Sauropus androgenus Reduces Body Weight Gain in Wistar Rats

2006 ◽  
Vol 29 (12) ◽  
pp. 2510-2513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shih-Fing Yu ◽  
Chia-Tung Shun ◽  
Tzer-Ming Chen ◽  
Yen-Hui Chen
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Body Weight Gain

scholarly journals Mitigating dietary aflatoxins in Wistar rat using selected phyto-antioxidant sources

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 38-52
Author(s):  
E. O. Ewuola ◽  
P. C. Emerue
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Garlic Extract ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Ginger Extract ◽  
Poids Corporel ◽  
Serum Biochemical ◽  
Carrot Extract

This study was conducted to investigate the mitigation of dietary aflatoxin in Wistar rats using extract from selected phyto-antioxidant sources. A total of one hundred and twenty Wistar rats weighing between 180-190g (80 females and 40 males) at six weeks old were allotted to eight treatments with 15 rats per treatment (10 females and 5 males), in a completely randomized design. The treatments were Treatment 1 (Normal diet + no extract and no aflatoxin), Treatment 2 (Aflatoxin contaminated diet + no extract), Treatment 3 (Aflatoxin contaminated diet + 100mg/kg BW Carrot extract), Treatment 4 (Aflatoxin contaminated diet + 200mg/kg BW Carrot extract), Treatment 5 (Aflatoxin contaminated diet + 100mg/kg BW Ginger extract), Treatment 6 (Aflatoxin contaminated diet + 200mg/kg BW Ginger extract), Treatment 7 (Aflatoxin contaminated diet +100mg/kg BW Garlic extract), Treatment 8 (Aflatoxin contaminated diet+ 200mg/kg BW Garlic extract). Body weight gain and feed conversion ratio of Wister rats (T8) administered 200 mg/kg BW was significant (p<0.05), with higher weight gain in male (206.00g) and female (199.70g). However, eviscerated and organs weights of both male and female Wistar rats was similar (p>0.05) across the treatments. Haematological and serum biochemical indices among the treatments was not significant (p>0.05), except for the globulin in male Wistar rats that differed significantly (p<0.05) with the value (5.00g/dL) being higher in T7. In conclusion, 200mg/kg body weight of garlic extract improved growth rate of Wistar rats, without any deleterious effect on haematological and serum biochemical parameters. Therefore, 200mg/kg body weight garlic extract mitigated the adverse effect of aflatoxin contaminated feed in Wistar rats.     Cette étude a été menée pour étudier l'atténuation de l'aflatoxine diététique chez les rats de 'Wistar' tout en employant l'extrait des sources phyto-antioxydantes choisies. Un total de cent vingt rats Wistar pesant entre 180 et 190 g (80 femelles et 40 mâles) à l'âge de six semaines ont été attribués à huit traitements avec 15 rats par traitement (10 femelles et 5 mâles), dans une conception complètement randomisée. Les traitements étaient le traitement 1 (régime normal + aucun extrait et aucune aflatoxine), traitement 2 (régime contaminé par l'aflatoxine + aucun extrait), traitement 3 (régime contaminé par l'aflatoxine + extrait de carotte BW de 100mg/kg), traitement 4 (régime contaminé par l'aflatoxine + extrait de carotte BW de 200mg/kg), traitement 5 (Aflatox alimentation contaminée par l'aflatoxine + extrait de gingembre BW 100mg/kg), Traitement 6 (régime contaminé à l'aflatoxine + extrait de gingembre BW 200mg/kg), Traitement 7 (régime contaminé par l'aflatoxine +100mg/kg extrait d'ail BW), Traitement 8 (régime contaminé à l'aflatoxine+ 200mg/kg extrait d'ail BW). Le gain de poids corporel et le rapport de conversion des aliments pour animaux des rats wisters (T8) administrés 200 mg/kg BW étaient significatifs (p<0.05), avec un gain de poids plus élevé chez les rats Wistar mâles (206.00 g) et femelles (199.70 g). Cependant, les poids éviscérés et organes des rats Wistar mâles et femelles étaient similaires (p>0.05) à travers les traitements. Les indices biochimiques hématologiques et sériques parmi les traitements n'étaient pas significatifs (p>0.05), à l'exception de la globuline chez les rats wistar mâles qui différait considérablement (p<0.05) avec la valeur (5.00 g/dL) étant plus élevée dans T7. En conclusion, le poids corporel de 200mg/kg de l'extrait d'ail a amélioré le taux de croissance des rats de Wistar, sans n'importe quel effet délétère sur les paramètres biochimiques hématologiques et sériques. Par conséquent, l'extrait d'ail de poids corporel de 200mg/kg a atténué l'effet défavorable de l'alimentation contaminée d'aflatoxin chez les rats de Wistar.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Toxicity ofPradosia huberiExtract during the Preimplantation in Wistar Rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aldeíde de Oliveira Batista Rocha ◽  
Liliane de Queirós Sousa ◽  
Clélia de Alencar Xavier Mota ◽  
Elane Cristina S. Santos ◽  
Margareth de Fátima Formiga Melo Diniz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
Reproductive Ability ◽  
Different Doses

The treatment during the embryonic preimplantation phase of Wistar rats with thePradosia huberiextract did not interfere with the water and feed consumption, as well as upon the body-weight gain. However, it has expressed a decrease of the uterine implant number, followed by the preimplantation losses at all applied doses (1.22, 6.1, and 30.5 mg/kg), and the number of embryonic resorptions in the two highest doses (6.1 and 30.5 mg/kg). After the organ weighing (hypophysis, ovaries, and uterus), only the relative weight of the hypophysis was raised at the different doses (1.22, 6.1, and 30.5 mg/kg). It was concluded that the hydroalcoholic extract ofPradosia hubericompromises the reproductive ability during the embryonic preimplantation phase, suggesting a possible toxic effect upon the reproductive system of Wistar rats.

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