Levels of lead, aluminum, and zinc in occupationally exposed workers of North-Western India

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Preeti Singh ◽  
Prasenjit Mitra ◽  
Taru Goyal ◽  
Shailja Sharma ◽  
Purvi Purohit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Western India ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Metal Levels ◽  
Exposed Workers ◽  
Occupationally Exposed ◽  
North Western

Abstract Objectives Metals including lead (Pb), aluminum (Al), and zinc (Zn) are widely used in factories such as welding, handicrafts, and paint. Occupational exposure to such metals causes a wide range of biological effects, depending upon the metal levels and duration of exposure. Accumulation of these metals may lead to several adverse health effects such as neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. The study aimed to evaluate Pb, Al, and Zn levels in occupationally exposed workers of North-Western India and create awareness about its toxicity and adverse outcomes. Methods The study included 120 factory workers (exposed) and 100 healthy controls (nonexposed); age ranged 18–78 years. Blood Pb and serum Al was estimated by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry and serum Zn was estimated by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry (ICE 3000, Thermo Fisher Scientific). Results Results indicated significantly higher levels of Pb, Al, and Zn in the exposed than the nonexposed. No significant difference was observed in metal levels, based on age and duration of exposure. Painters showed higher blood Pb, whereas welders were found to have higher serum Al and Zn levels. Conclusions To conclude, workers showed higher levels of metals and it may cause deleterious effects on the health of workers occupationally exposed to these metals. Appropriate maintenance regarding worker’s safety and hygiene is required to protect them from the harmful effects of these toxic metals.

scholarly journals Potential of Hyacinth Activated in Lowering Levels of Lead Heavy Metals by Method of Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-61
Author(s):  
Dita Kusuma Wardani ◽  
Tuti Alawiyah ◽  
Madschen Sia Mei Ol Siska Selvija Tambun
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Metal Levels ◽  
Lead Metal ◽  
Maximum Contact ◽  
Test Result ◽  
Made In

The Barito River as the largest and longest river in South Kalimantan has been convicted as the most polluted river on an international level. Where one of the most commonly found compounds is the heavy metal lead (Pb) with a high enough levels that alternatives are needed to reduce the levels of the metal. One way to reduce the levels of such heavy metals is to use activated carbon hyacinth. So the activated carbon from hyacinth is made in accordance with SII No.0258-79 and knows the effect of variations in the administration of activated carbon hyacinth at a time of 15 minutes, 30 minutes and 45 minutes in lowering the levels of lead heavy metals (Pb). The research method used to determine the effect of variations in the administration of activated carbon hyacinth is by quantitative testing using the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry tool. The results showed that activated carbon hyacinth has met SII No.0258-79 with a randemen test result of 15%, water content of 3%, and absorption of iodine of 241.16 mg / gram. Significant value produced 0.742 with regression value (r) 0.999 and resulted in decreased lead metal levels in the variation of 15 minutes activated carbon administration of -0.030 mg / l with an absorption of 120%, 30 minutes of 0.073 mg / l with an absorption of 48% and 45 minutes of -0.097 mg / l with an absorption of 167%. Hyacinth activated carbon can be used to lower the levels of lead heavy metals (Pb) with a maximum contact time of 45 minutes by 167%.

Reliable determination of copper complex ions in synthetic wastewater using flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (5) ◽  
pp. 833-841 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanokporn Supong ◽  
Parnuwat Usapein
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Copper Complexes ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Working Standard ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Delay Times

Abstract Forms of copper that are highly soluble in aquatic environments are used as chemical reagents in a variety of industries, especially copper complexes. Wastewater containing copper complexes can be difficult to treat and analyse. Normally, flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry (FAAS) is a favourable technique for analysing metal ions in wastewater, but is less reliable for copper analysis owing to the influence of copper oxides. To solve this problem, it is necessary to adjust the atomization and delay times. The objective of this study was to use FAAS to accurately determine the quantity of complexed copper in synthetic wastewater, using increased atomization and delay times. The method showed excellent linearity in the copper standard concentration range of 1–5 mg L−1. The sensitivity of the analysis was 0.023 mg L−1. The percentage of recovery and the relative standard deviation were 85.02% and 0.75%, respectively. The experimental results demonstrated that the estimation of uncertainty from preparation of working standard, repeatability uncertainty, instrument deviation, calibration curve and recovery uncertainty were 8.2 × 10−4, 4.49 × 10−4, 7.21 × 10−4, 21.25 × 10−4, and 98.19 × 10−4, respectively. Overall, the results showed the suitability of the FAAS method for determining copper in synthetic wastewater.

Influence of Phosphorus and Calcium on Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometric Determination of Lead in Canned Fish Products

1984 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 186-187
Author(s):  
Teresa M Serra ◽  
J F Vale Serrano
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Fish Products ◽  
Real Samples ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Canned Fish

Abstract Lead was determined in the presence of whole multiples of the P/Ca ratio found in Portuguese canned fish by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry with and without using an ashing aid. Under our experimental conditions, use of the ashing aid eliminates P and Ca interference. Results with real samples, spiked with 1, 2,3, and 4 ppm lead, are presented and statistically treated.

Optimized atomic absorption spectrophotometry of calcium in erythrocytes.

1987 ◽  
Vol 33 (11) ◽  
pp. 2004-2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Nomoto ◽  
S Shoji
Keyword(s):  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Graphite Tube ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Concentration

Abstract We sought to establish optimum conditions for measuring calcium in erythrocytes by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The conditions we selected are as follows. Wash one volume of fresh heparin-treated packed cells once with 30 volumes of isotonic buffered saline (pH 7.4) at a temperature somewhat exceeding 25 degrees C. Dilute the washed packed cells 10-fold with 12 mmol/L hydrochloric acid, and analyze the supernate for calcium. Measure the hematocrit of the washed packed cells, then analyze an aliquot of them for calcium, using a computer-readout type of flame or a non-flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer equipped with a pyrocoated graphite tube. The temperature program is 1000 degrees C for ashing [corrected] and 1800 degrees C for the atomizing cycle. Intraday and day-to-day reproducibility of the assay was 6.55% and 8.19%, respectively, at the mean concentration of calcium in the erythrocytes of healthy adults, which is 4.30 mumol/L.

Analysis of Animal Feed Ingredients and Soil Amendment Products Produced from Beef Cattle Manure for Selected Trace Metals Using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry

1980 ◽  
Vol 43 (11) ◽  
pp. 834-836 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. VAN WILLIS ◽  
AMER EL-AHRAF ◽  
DUTT V. VINJAMOORI ◽  
KHAIREY AREF
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Soil Amendment ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Feed Ingredients ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Metal Levels ◽  
Replacement Product

Beef cattle manures have been converted to a water slurry and subjected to centrifugation, flocculution and drying to produce a silage replacement product (CI), a 20% protein powder from the centrifuge supernatant fluid (CII) and a soil amendment product (CIII). These products and the manure slurry were analyzed for their As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn content by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Different sample mineralization techniques, metal recovery efficiencies and matrix effects were investigated. Metal concentrations increased in the products in the order of silage replacement, protein and soil amendment. Except for a high iron concentration, the silage replacement product (CI) had concentrations of these metals comparable to those for typical feedlot rations, and metal concentration in the protein fraction (CII) was three to six times higher as compared to the range of metal levels in CI; the soil amendment product (CIII) showed metal concentrations comparable to reported manure values. The effects of these metal concentrations on utility of the silage replacement and protein products as feed ingredients for animal feed rations is discussed.

Microwave Acid Digestion of Various Food Matrixes for Nutrient Determination by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry

1991 ◽  
Vol 74 (5) ◽  
pp. 812-814 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip J Oles ◽  
Wanda M Graham
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Microwave Digestion ◽  
Manganese Content ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Breakfast Cereal ◽  
Hot Plate ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Microwave Apparatus

Abstract Food matrixes were digested by treatment with nitric acidsulfuric acid-hydrogen peroxide mixtures and heating with a commercially available microwave apparatus. The digests were analyzed for sodium, potassium, magnesium, iron, calcium, zinc, copper, and manganese content by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. A total of 3 digestion programs were adopted for a variety of food matrixes. Microwave digestion times of 30-45 mln were normally sufficient for obtaining clear digests compared to hot plate digestion times of 8-12 h. Precision for microwave digestion of most nutrients was equal to or better than that of hot plate digestion. Microwave digestion gave comparable results for the nutrient elements. National Institute of Standards and Technology reference materials were analyzed for nutrient content after microwave digestion and the results compared favorably with the certified values. A laboratory breakfast cereal control sample with a history of over 20 separate hot plate digestions was prepared using the microwave technique. Results for the 8 elements were within ±7% of the hot plate digestion values. Predlgestlon spikes were recovered from several food matrixes with no effects resulting from Incomplete digestion of samples.

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