Dispersion compensation FBG with optical quadrature phase shift keying (OQPSK) modulation scheme for high system capacity

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud M. A. Eid ◽  
Vishal Sorathiya ◽  
Sunil Lavadiya ◽  
Md. Ahasan Habib ◽  
Ahmed Helmy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dispersion Compensation ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
System Capacity ◽  
Modulation Scheme ◽  
Noise Power ◽  
Signal Power ◽  
Eye Diagram ◽  
High Data ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Amplifier Gain

Abstract The study simulated OQPSK modulation scheme-based FBG compensation for high data rates. The signal power, noise power and output power variations with the FBG length variations are clarified with fiber length of 50 km and amplifier gain of 40 dB. The max Q Factor variations with amplifier gain variations in the presence and absence of FBG device. The eye diagram analyzer for the proposed model under the same operating conditions with the previous model with/without FBG device. Besides the signal power variations is demonstrated against spectral wavelength and time variations for the proposed model with/without FGB device. Max Q and min error rate are clarified for the proposed model with 150 km length, amplifier gain pf 40 dB with FBG device length of 6 m and without FBG device.

In line and post erbium-doped fiber amplifiers with ideal dispersion compensation fiber Bragg grating for upgrading optical access networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud M. A. Eid ◽  
Anas Ibrahim ◽  
Ahmed Nabih Zaki Rashed
Keyword(s):  
Dispersion Compensation ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Access Networks ◽  
Fiber Amplifiers ◽  
Optical Access Networks ◽  
Optical Access ◽  
Eye Diagram ◽  
Power Meter ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Erbium Doped

Abstract This model in line and post erbium-doped fiber amplifiers with ideal dispersion compensation FBG for upgrading optical access networks for an extended distance of 60 km inside the optical fiber cable with a bit rate 10 Gb/s and Erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) which applied at length 5 m. The electrical results are measured by electrical visualizer (eye diagram analyzer, electrical power meter visualizer). The eye diagram analyzer used to calculate the min bit error rate in addition to the maximum Q factor which has a result in the proposed model is 51.97. The electrical power meter visualizer used in the proposed model to calculate the total power which has a result of 23.70 dBm.

scholarly journals Performance investigation of long-haul high data rate optical OFDM IM/DD system with different QAM modulations

2021 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 192-197
Author(s):  
Necmi Taspınar ◽  
Mahmoud Alhalabi
Keyword(s):  
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Dispersion Compensation ◽  
Data Rate ◽  
High Data Rate ◽  
Ofdm System ◽  
Propagation Length ◽  
Eye Diagram ◽  
High Data ◽  
Transmission Distance

Abstract In this paper and as a first time, we have designed and simulated 100 Gbps long haul intensity modulation and direct detection (IM/DD) optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system with high order modulation techniques by using optisystem software QAM IM/DD OFDM system was analyzed and simulated to provide high data rate for downstream signal by using dispersion compensation fiber (DCF) inside fiber link. 4-QAM OFDM system demonstrated the best BER performance compared to other simulated systems for long haul transmission distance. For comparison and investigation, important results as eye diagram, Q factor, Eb/No and BER are explained against propagation length for every simulated system.

Free space and wired optics communication systems performance improvement for short-range applications with the signal power optimization

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud M. A. Eid ◽  
Vishal Sorathiya ◽  
Sunil Lavadiya ◽  
Eslam Shehata ◽  
Ahmed Nabih Zaki Rashed
Keyword(s):  
Free Space ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Short Range ◽  
Power Optimization ◽  
Signal Power ◽  
Signal Attenuation ◽  
Eye Diagram ◽  
Space Optics ◽  
Input Signal Power ◽  
Proposed Model

Abstract This article discusses the performance of the free space optics (FSO) systems for short-range applications with the input signal power optimization. The BER eye diagram analyzer used to compute the optimum bit error rate and also compute the maximum Q factor for the previous and proposed models. The previous model has outlined the maximum Q factor of 206.45, where the proposed model Q factor value is 569.867 under the same operating parameters such as the wavelength of the transmitter of 1550 nm, the power of the transmitter of 10 mW, and the range of FSO is 800 m and signal attenuation 0.4 dB/km. The proposed study has outlined better performance than the previous study by about 21.76% enhancement percentage ratio.

Ultimate resolution and information in electron microscopy

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 496-497
Author(s):  
D. Van Dyck
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Transfer Function ◽  
Information Transfer ◽  
Communication Channel ◽  
Structural Information ◽  
Information Rate ◽  
Noise Power ◽  
Signal Power ◽  
Imaging Device

An (electron) microscope can be considered as a communication channel that transfers structural information between an object and an observer. In electron microscopy this information is carried by electrons. According to the theory of Shannon the maximal information rate (or capacity) of a communication channel is given by C = B log2 (1 + S/N) bits/sec., where B is the band width, and S and N the average signal power, respectively noise power at the output. We will now apply to study the information transfer in an electron microscope. For simplicity we will assume the object and the image to be onedimensional (the results can straightforwardly be generalized). An imaging device can be characterized by its transfer function, which describes the magnitude with which a spatial frequency g is transferred through the device, n is the noise. Usually, the resolution of the instrument ᑭ is defined from the cut-off 1/ᑭ beyond which no spadal information is transferred.

Analysing integration issues of the microgrid system with utility grid network

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-127
Author(s):  
Mulualem Tesfaye ◽  
Baseem Khan ◽  
Om Prakash Mahela ◽  
Hassan Haes Alhelou ◽  
Neeraj Gupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Control Mode ◽  
Voltage Source ◽  
Modulation Scheme ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Utility Grid

Abstract Generation of renewable energy sources and their interfacing to the main system has turn out to be most fascinating challenge. Renewable energy generation requires stable and reliable incorporation of energy to the low or medium voltage networks. This paper presents the microgrid modeling as an alternative and feasible power supply for Institute of Technology, Hawassa University, Ethiopia. This microgrid consists of a 60 kW photo voltaic (PV) and a 20 kW wind turbine (WT) system; that is linked to the electrical distribution system of the campus by a 3-phase pulse width modulation scheme based voltage source inverters (VSI) and supplying power to the university buildings. The main challenge in this work is related to the interconnection of microgrid with utility grid, using 3-phase VSI controller. The PV and WT of the microgrid are controlled in active and reactive power (PQ) control mode during grid connected operation and in voltage/frequency (V/F) control mode, when the microgrid is switched to the stand-alone operation. To demonstrate the feasibility of proposed microgrid model, MATLAB/Simulink software has been employed. The performance of fully functioning microgrid is analyzed and simulated for a number of operating conditions. Simulation results supported the usefulness of developed microgrid in both mode of operation.

Performance of LED for line-of-sight (LoS) underwater wireless optical communication system

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alaa G. Nasser ◽  
Mazin Ali A. Ali
Keyword(s):  
Optical Communication ◽  
Link Quality ◽  
Line Of Sight ◽  
Modulation Scheme ◽  
Underwater Communication ◽  
Optical Communication System ◽  
High Data ◽  
Wireless Optical Communication ◽  
Noise Rate ◽  
Wireless Optical Communications

AbstractUnderwater wireless optical communications (UWOC) recently emerge as a solution to the problem of underwater communication for link with a high data rate, low delay, safety, and high immunity. In this study, the line of sight (LoS) method based on LED used for UWOC with different modulation schemes. The bit error rate (BER), signal-to-noise rate, and quality factor are used for assessing system performance and link quality. Besides the effect of transmitting angle, distance link (d), and transmitting power (PT) are analysed. Results show that 8-pulse position modulation (PPM) is the best modulation scheme for achieving a good link in the LoS method.

scholarly journals Impact of accelerometer based in physical layer wireless networks

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.5) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Zuhanis Mansor ◽  
Muhammad Khairulanwar bin Zulkafli
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Communication ◽  
Landscape Position ◽  
Line Of Sight ◽  
Noise Power ◽  
Signal Power ◽  
Propagation Channel ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Downlink Throughput ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Non Line Of Sight

The initial deployments of antenna in the handset consist of fixed non-rotated antenna for transmitting and receiving the signal in the wireless communication scenario. However, link correlation at the UE shows very bad performance when the handset rotates in landscape position. This paper evaluates the impact of accelerometer on the downlink propagation channel of 3G smartphone for non-line-of-sight links. The performance average received signal power is studied for user equipment. Results show that the exploitation of an accelerometer provide better performance in terms of received signal power when the handset rotated from portrait to landscape position. It can be concluded that the deployment of accelerometer can be used to improve existing 3G smartphone received signal. Results also indicate that accelerometer can be used to improve downlink throughput since the signal-to-noise-power is increased by approximately 16%.

scholarly journals Design and Analysis of High-Efficient Driver Model for LED Luminaires

2021 ◽  
pp. 96-106
Author(s):  
Onur Akalp ◽  
Harun Ozbay ◽  
Serhat Berat Efe
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Driver Model ◽  
Zero Voltage Switching ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
High Efficient ◽  
Driver Circuit ◽  
Low Volume ◽  
Zero Voltage

LED luminaires need a driver circuit for working properly. Most of the drivers have disadvantages such as losses during operation. This issue becomes more important while supplying with limited sources such as renewables. To overcome the problem, this study proposes a novel energy efficient driver for LED luminaires based on zero voltage switching (ZVS) single-ended primary inductance converter (SEPIC) technology. Driver and hence luminaires were designed to be fed from photovoltaic (PV) panels. In addition, an adaptive MPPT algorithm was developed to obtain optimum efficiency from supply system. SEPIC approach was preferred for MPPT application due to its advantages such as non-reversing polarity. This feature allows energy efficiency in corporation with ZVS. Proposed model was designed under PSIM platform with all components; PV panels, ZVS, SEPIC, and LED luminaires. A detailed analysis was performed by using system graphs under various operating conditions as different irradiance levels. Results show that proposed model is energy efficient and modular because of its low-volume structure. Therefore the model can lead smaller driver circuits with minimum losses.

scholarly journals Analytical Models for the Computation of Error Probability of Multi-Level Phase Shift Keying Modulation Scheme

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
Isaac A. E. ◽  
Dike H.U.
Keyword(s):  
Phase Shift ◽  
Error Probability ◽  
Error Function ◽  
Density Ratio ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Modulation Scheme ◽  
Noise Power ◽  
Phase Shift Keying ◽  
Shift Keying ◽  
Multi Level

In this paper, analytical models for the computation of error probability (BER) of the Multi-level Phase Shift Keying (MPSK) modulation scheme is presented. Analytical models for computing MPSK bit error probability based on Q function, error function (erf) and complementary error function (erfc) are presented. Also, an analytical model for computing the symbol error rate for MPSK is presented. Furthermore, a generalized analytical expression for BER as a function of modulation order (M) and energy per bit to noise power density ratio (Eb/No) is presented. The BER was computed for various values of M (2 ≤ M ≤ 256) and Eb/No (0 dB ≤ Eb/No ≤ 14 Db). The results showed that at Eb/No =12 dB, a BER of 9.006E-09 is realized for M =2 and M =4 whereas BER of 1.056E-01 is realized for M = 256. Also, for the same M = 2 , the value of BER decreased from 1.2501E-02 at Eb/No = 4 dB to 9.0060E-09at Eb/No =12 dB. Generally, the results showed that for the MPSK modulation scheme, for a given value of Eb/No, the lower modulation order (M) has a lower BER and for a given modulation order, (M) the BER decreases as Eb/No increases.

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