Situating embodied action plans: pre-enacting and planning actions within knowledge communication in sports training

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (s4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajit Singh
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
Video Data ◽  
Action Plans ◽  
Prosodic Features ◽  
Sports Training ◽  
Communicative Actions ◽  
Embodied Action ◽  
Micro Analysis ◽  
Knowledge Communication

Abstract This article investigates action plans not as mental but as situated and observable activities in social interactions. I argue that projections and action plans can be understood as complex embodied practices through which actors prepare and coordinate further actions as part of a trajectory of a “communicative project”. “Projections” within ‘talk-in-interaction’ are a central topic of conversation analysis (CA), e.g. for the micro analysis of the organization of turn-taking or for the identification of turn-constructional units. Aside from former CA-studies on syntactic and prosodic features, current research using CA from a multimodal perspective shows how embodied resources, such as gestures, serve as “premonitory components” of communicative actions. Using video data of communications in sports training in trampolining, I will show how communicatively situated “embodied action plans” are applied within pre-enactments and instructions for the production of embodied knowledge. Pre-enactments not only serve the production of an ideal imagination to corporally produce intersubjectivity. Pre-enactments are also used temporally for the multimodal and visibly situating of embodied action plans, to which actors can coordinate and orientate their current and prospective communicative actions.

Sequence organization and timing of bonobo mother-infant interactions

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Rossano
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
Pan Paniscus ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
Analytic Framework ◽  
Communicative Behavior ◽  
Sequence Organization ◽  
Sequential Organization ◽  
Communicative Actions ◽  
Participation Frameworks

In recent years, some scholars have claimed that humans are unique in their capacity and motivation to engage in cooperative communication and extensive, fast-paced social interactions. While research on gestural communication in great apes has offered important findings concerning the gestural repertoires of different species, very little is known about the sequential organization of primates’ communicative behavior during interactions. Drawing on a conversation analytic framework, this paper addresses this gap by investigating the sequential organization of bonobo mother-infant interactions, and more specifically, how individuals solicit carries from one another. It shows how bonobos establish participation frameworks before producing a carry request gesture and how the ensuing communicative actions can be organized in adjacency-pair sequences. Moreover, the timing between the initiation of an action and its response is similar to what has been documented in adult human interaction. Finally, it outlines some of the orderly practices bonobos use to deal with the absence of response from the addressed participants in carry sequences. Keywords: adjacency pair; pan paniscus; conversation analysis; gestures; interactional time; sequence organization

Wissenskommunikation multimodal: Wie Museumsbesucher sich über eine Museumsvitrine verständigen

Fachsprache ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 122-144
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Kesselheim
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
Knowledge Construction ◽  
Specific Form ◽  
Knowledge Communication

In the present paper I will study conversations in front of museum showcases as a specific form of knowledge communication. After presenting my understanding of the concepts“knowledge communication” and “knowledge”, which are informed by conversation analysis, I will explore two characteristic aspects of the ‘showcase conversations’ by means of a number of detailed analyses of short extracts of these conversations. First, I will show how knowledge is interactively produced and made publicly visible, and second, how people use the complex multimodal environment of the showcase as a basis for their knowledge construction, and how they manage to ‘tie together’ different semiotic “modes” which are visible and readable in display cases. The analyses of this paper are based on a corpus collected in a paleontological museum. The conversations have been recorded in a kind of ‘field experiment’: Probands have been asked to watch a showcase together and to summarize its content. While doing so they were filmed.

Same Context, Different Strategies

2007 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Chan
Keyword(s):  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
Community Of Practice ◽  
Social Constructionism ◽  
Close Relationships ◽  
Video Data ◽  
Politeness Theory ◽  
Dynamic Nature ◽  
Discursive Strategies ◽  
Business Meetings ◽  
Practice Framework

This paper uses audio and video data to examine the discourse of a New Zealand IT company director in business meetings. Three examples of the director dealing with behaviour by his subordinates that he wants to influence are analysed by drawing on a collection of discourse analytic frameworks including conversation analysis, social constructionism, politeness theory, and a community of practice framework. The examples reveal that the director employs a range of discursive strategies to express his disapproval and to rationalise his feedback. At times he adopts indirect and mitigated strategies, while at other times he uses explicit and authoritative strategies. Moreover, the examples also demonstrate the dynamic nature and the complexity of interaction. The analysis shows that the director’s choice of strategies in these examples is a response to the specific discourse context and represents the result of negotiation between interlocutors, and that the giving of negative feedback occurs as a sequence of utterances instead of one single utterance. Finally it is suggested that the strategies used by the director are relevant resources because of the close relationships between the director and his subordinates and the shared repertoire of the focus workplace.

scholarly journals Recording and Transcribing Interactions of Individuals Using Augmentative Communication Technologies

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 601-618
Author(s):  
Джефф Хиггинботам ◽  
Кайла Конуэй ◽  
Антара Сатчидананд
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Augmentative Communication ◽  
Video Data ◽  
Recording Equipment ◽  
Hard Drives ◽  
The Social ◽  
Video And Audio

The purpose of this article is to provide the reader with tools and recommendations for collecting data and making microanalytic transcriptions of interaction involving people using Augmentative Communication Technologies (ACTs). This is of interest for clinicians, as well as anyone else engaged in video-based microanalysis of technology mediated interaction in other contexts. The information presented here has particular relevance to young researchers developing their own methodologies, and experienced scientists interested in social interaction research in ACTs or as well as other digital communication technologies. Tools and methods for recording social interactions to support microanalysis by making unobtrusive recordings of naturally occurring or task-driven social interactions while minimizing recording-related distractions which could alter the authenticity of the social interaction are discussed. Recommendations for the needed functionality of video and audio recording equipment are made with tips for how to capture actions that are important to the research question as opposed to capturing 'generally usable' video. In addition, tips for processing video and managing video data are outlined, including how to develop optimally functional naming conventions for stored videos, how and where to store video data (i. e. use of external hard drives, compressing videos for storage) and syncing multiple videos, offering different views of a single interaction (i. e. syncing footage of the overall interaction with footage of the device display). Finally, tools and strategies for transcription are discussed including a brief description of the role transcription plays in analysis, a suggested framework for how transcription might proceed through multiple passes, each focused on a different aspect of communication, transcription software options along with discussion of specific features that aide transcription. In addition, special issues that arise in transcribing interactions involving ACTs are addressed.

scholarly journals Question-declaration coupling in a university meeting talk: Discourse of social inequality and collegiality

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 400-417
Author(s):  
Leonardo O. Munalim ◽  
Cecilia F. Genuino ◽  
Betty E. Tuttle
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
Social Inequality ◽  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Private University ◽  
Sequential Pattern ◽  
Microscopic Features ◽  
Positive Perspective ◽  
New Feature ◽  
Micro Analysis

Conversation Analysis (CA) deals with the description of the microscopic and corpus-driven data in an ‘unmotivating looking’ analytical fashion. As long as there are new, interesting, or deviant features from the data, they are always worthy of a micro analysis. For this paper, we report the ‘question-declaration coupling’ in meeting talks as a new feature and explicate it through the discourse of social inequality and collegiality in the academe. The data came from a total of five recorded meetings from three departments, such as Education, Arts Science, and Social Work, in a private university in Manila, Philippines. The meetings lasted for five hours and 50 minutes. From adjacency pairs of question-answer, the sequential pattern shows that the questions deserve conspicuous answers from the subordinates, but the Chair automatically couples them with declarative sentences and other utterances that serve as continuers. The pattern is categorised as a strategic turn-suppressing mechanism to hold back the members from possibly challenging the existing policies of the institution. It is also seen as a strategic mechanism to deprive the members of extending the litanies of possible counter-arguments. From a positive perspective, we argue that it is through the air of social inequality and collegiality that people are able to know their boundaries in an ongoing interaction. Toward the end, we state the implications of the results for teaching and learning socio-pragmalinguistics. We also recommend future cross-linguistic comparisons for these microscopic features under study, considering the small corpus of this study.

scholarly journals How are translations created? Using multimodal conversation analysis to study a team translation process

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maija Hirvonen ◽  
Liisa Tiittula
Keyword(s):  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
Human Action ◽  
Video Data ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Natural Setting ◽  
Translation Process ◽  
Methodological Choices ◽  
Human Conduct ◽  
Audio Description

This article demonstrates a methodology for studying the translation process from the perspective of multimodal social interaction and applies this methodology to a case analysis of collaborative audio description. The methodology is multimodal conversation analysis, which aims to uncover the way in which multimodal communication resources (e.g., talk, gaze, gestures) are used holistically and situatedly in building human action. Being empirical and data-driven, multimodal conversation analysis observes human conduct in its natural setting. This article analyses video data from an authentic audio-description process and presents the multimodal constitution of problem-solving sequences during translating. In addition, the article discusses issues regarding the methodological choices facing researchers who are interested in human interaction in translation. The article shows that applying multimodal conversation analysis opens new avenues for research into the translation process and collaborative translation.

scholarly journals Designing interaction tasks in Second Life for Chinese as a foreign language learners: A preliminary exploration

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Ju Lan ◽  
Yu-Hsuan Kan ◽  
Indy Y.T. Hsiao ◽  
Stephen J.H. Yang ◽  
Kuo-En Chang
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Second Life ◽  
Oral Communication ◽  
Video Data ◽  
Learning Activities ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Foreign Language Learners ◽  
Teaching Learning

<p>The aims of this research were to develop guidelines for designing interaction tasks for learners of Chinese as a foreign language (CFL) and to investigate the attitudes of CFL learners toward a full CFL class in Second Life (SL). Three research questions were addressed in this research: (1) what are the attitudes of CFL learners toward the language learning tasks in SL? (2) what kinds of social interactions emerge from learning activities in a CFL class in SL? (3) how do those activities benefit CFL learners in the learning of Chinese in SL? Two studies were conducted to tackle these questions. The cognition, usage, and expansion (CUE) model was proposed based on the findings obtained from study 1 and then implemented and evaluated in study 2. The findings of study 2 indicated that the activities run in the CUE model were effective at motivating CFL beginners and improving their oral communication and social interactions. Based on the video data analysis, three criteria were proposed for designing learning activities. Suggestions are also made for future research on CFL teaching/learning in SL.</p>

scholarly journals Interactional Adjustment: Three Approaches in Language and Social Psychology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Gasiorek ◽  
Ann Weatherall ◽  
B Watson
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
Fundamental Aspect ◽  
Human Communication ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Communication Accommodation ◽  
Communication Accommodation Theory ◽  
Accommodation Theory ◽  
Language Style Matching

© The Author(s) 2020. Interactional adjustment refers to people’s tendency to adjust, or adapt, their communication behavior in social interactions. In recent years, three distinctive approaches to this topic that have featured prominently in the Journal of Language and Social Psychology are communication accommodation theory (CAT), language style matching (LSM), and discursive psychology using conversation analysis (DPCA). In this article, we provide a review of these three approaches, highlighting what defines and distinguishes them, as well as what insights into interactional adjustment each offers. We draw out the connections and points of tensions between these approaches; in so doing, we identify future directions for research on interactional adjustment as a fundamental aspect of human communication, and in the study of language and social psychology.

Multimodal positioning of artifacts in interaction in a collaborative elementary engineering club

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarina Silvestri ◽  
Mary McVee ◽  
Christopher Jarmark ◽  
Lynn Shanahan ◽  
Kenneth English
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Multimodal Interaction ◽  
Positioning Theory ◽  
Video Data ◽  
Multimodal Discourse ◽  
Elementary Engineering ◽  
Role Based ◽  
Positioning Analysis ◽  
Communicative Actions

Abstract This exploratory case study uses multimodal positioning analysis to determine and describe how a purposefully crafted emergent artifact comes to influence and/or manipulate social dynamics, structure, and positionings of one design team comprised of five third-graders in an afterschool elementary engineering and literacy club. In addition to social semiotic theories of multimodality (e.g., Kress, G. (2010). Multimodality: a social semiotic approach to contemporary communication. New York, NY: Routledge) and multimodal interactional analysis (Norris, S. (2004). Analyzing multimodal interaction: a methodological framework. New York, NY: Routledge, Norris, S. (2019). Systematically working with multimodal data: research methods in multimodal discourse analysis. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Blackwell), Positioning Theory (Harré, R. and Van Langenhove, L. (1991). Varieties of positioning. J. Theor. Soc. Behav. 21: 393–407) is used to examine group interactions with the artifact, with observational data collected from audio, video, researcher field notes, analytic memos, photographs, student artifacts (e.g., drawn designs, built designs), and transcriptions of audio and video data. Analysis of interactions of the artifact as it unfolds demonstrates multiple types of role-based positioning with students (e.g., builder, helper, idea-sharer). Foregrounding analysis of the artifact, rather than the student participants, exposed students’ alignment or opposition with their groupmates during the project. This study contributes to multimodal and artifactual scholarship through a close examination of positions emergent across time through multimodal communicative actions and illustrates how perspectives on multimodality may be analytically combined with Positioning Theory.

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