Growth patterns in free-ranging bank voles, Myodes glareolus (Schreber 1780) from a mountainous area in central Italy

Mammalia ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Amori ◽  
Luca Luiselli
Keyword(s):  
Central Italy ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Myodes Glareolus ◽  
Mountainous Area ◽  
Bank Voles ◽  
Free Ranging

scholarly journals Experimental Mycobacterium microti Infection in Bank Voles (Myodes glareolus)

2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
Enric Vidal ◽  
Judit Burgaya ◽  
Lorraine Michelet ◽  
Claudia Arrieta-Villegas ◽  
Guillermo Cantero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Horizontal Transmission ◽  
Myodes Glareolus ◽  
Infection Model ◽  
Disease Phenotype ◽  
Bank Voles ◽  
Granulomatous Lesions ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Free Ranging ◽  
Mycobacterium Microti

Voles are maintenance hosts of Mycobacterium microti. In line with the goal to eradicate tuberculosis (TB) in livestock, the role of this mycobacteria needs to be assessed since it might interfere with current M. bovis/M. caprae surveillance strategies. To better understand the pathogenesis of TB in voles, an experimental infection model was set up to reproduce M. microti infection in laboratory Bank voles (Myodes glareolus). Two infection routes (intragastric and intraperitoneal) and doses (105 and 106 CFU/0.1 mL) were assessed. Voles were culled at different post-infection time points. Serology, histopathology, acid-fast bacilli staining, qPCR, and mycobacterial culture from tissues were performed. In addition, qPCR from feces and oral swabs were conducted to assess bacterial shedding. The model allowed us to faithfully reproduce the disease phenotype described in free-ranging voles and characterize the pathogenesis of the infection. Most animals showed multifocal and diffuse granulomatous lesions in the liver and spleen, respectively. Less frequently, granulomas were observed in lungs, lymph nodes, muscles, and salivary gland. Mycobacterial DNA was detected in feces from a few animals but not in oral swabs. However, one contact uninfected vole seroconverted and showed incipient TB compatible lesions, suggesting horizontal transmission between voles.

scholarly journals DISTRIBUTION AND GENETIC ANALYSIS OF WILD-LIVING EURASIAN BEAVERS IN CENTRAL ITALY

Redia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 104 ◽  
pp. 209-215
Author(s):  
EMILIANO MORI ◽  
ANDREA VIVIANO ◽  
LEONARDO BRUSTENGA ◽  
FRANCESCO OLIVETTI ◽  
LUCA PEPPUCCI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Perception ◽  
Hair Sample ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Protected Species ◽  
Conservation Action ◽  
Eurasian Beaver ◽  
Marche Region ◽  
Free Ranging ◽  
Management And Conservation ◽  
Potential Origin

The presence of the Eurasian beaver Castor fiber L. has been recently confirmed with two separated populations in Tuscany (Central Italy) and probably represents the result of an unofficial release. In late spring and summer 2021, seven reliable records of Eurasian beaver have been collected in Umbria and other neighbouring regions, implying that the distribution of this large rodent is even wider than previously reported. In this short work, we updated the distribution of this protected species in Central Italy, by collecting and mapping all the confirmed occurrences. Beavers were proved to be present throughout the Tiber (Tevere) river basin in both provinces of Umbria, and another individual has been road-killed in the Marche region, near the border with Tuscany. Other single signs of presence occurred in Emilia Romagna and Latium. The only hair sample we were able to collect confirmed it as the Eurasian beaver species. No reliable evidence is available on the number of free-ranging beavers in Central Italy, and systematic monitoring is needed. Before any management and conservation action, further data are required concerning distribution range, potential origin, social perception, and the effects on the ecosystems.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii among sylvatic rodents in Poland

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maciej Grzybek ◽  
Daniela Antolová ◽  
Katarzyna Tołkacz ◽  
Mohammed Alsarraf ◽  
Jolanta Behnke-Borowczyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Rodent Species ◽  
Myodes Glareolus ◽  
Host Age ◽  
Bank Voles ◽  
Vole Species ◽  
Age And Sex

ABSTRACTToxoplasma gondii is a significant pathogen affecting humans and animals. We conducted seromonitoring for T. gondii in four sylvatic rodent species in Poland. We report an overall seroprevalence of 5.5% (3.6% for Myodes glareolus and 20% for other vole species). Seroprevalence in bank voles varied significantly between host age and sex.

scholarly journals Temporal and between-site variation in helminth communities of bank voles (Myodes glareolus) from N.E. Poland. 1. Regional fauna and component community levels

Parasitology ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 135 (8) ◽  
pp. 985-997 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. BEHNKE ◽  
A. BAJER ◽  
P. D. HARRIS ◽  
L. NEWINGTON ◽  
E. PIDGEON ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Temporal Stability ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Helminth Fauna ◽  
Myodes Glareolus ◽  
Component Community ◽  
Bank Voles ◽  
Helminth Infections ◽  
Site Variation ◽  
Jaccard's Similarity Index

SUMMARYHelminth infections were studied in bank voles (Myodes glareolus) from 3 woodland sites in N.E. Poland in the late summers of 1999 and 2002, to assess the temporal stability of derived statistics describing the regional helminth fauna and component community structure, and spatial influence on the latter. Regional helminth fauna changed dramatically between the two years, primarily due to a fall in the abundance ofSyphacia petrusewiczibut was partially compensated for by an increase inMesocestoides lineatusandCladotaenia globifera. It was dominated by nematodes overall, but more so in 1999 than in 2002 when larval cestodes were more frequent. Most derived parameters for component community structure varied considerably between sites and the two surveys, the hierarchical order for sites not being maintained between surveys. They were susceptible to the disproportionate influence of three relatively rare, unpredictable species with the greatest overall aggregated distribution among hosts. Jaccard's similarity index was less influenced by the rare species, showing greater stability between sites and across years. In conclusion, temporal variation confounded any site-specific characteristics of the summary measures quantified in this study and their usefulness is therefore restricted to the years in which the surveys were conducted.

scholarly journals Polyandry enhances offspring survival in an infanticidal species

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ines Klemme ◽  
Hannu Ylönen
Keyword(s):  
Mating Systems ◽  
Multiple Mating ◽  
Empirical Test ◽  
Myodes Glareolus ◽  
Offspring Survival ◽  
Bank Voles ◽  
Female Counterstrategy ◽  
Fitness Benefits ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Genetic Fitness

The adaptive significance of polyandry is an intensely debated subject in sexual selection. For species with male infanticidal behaviour, it has been hypothesized that polyandry evolved as female counterstrategy to offspring loss: by mating with multiple males, females may conceal paternity and so prevent males from killing putative offspring. Here we present, to our knowledge, the first empirical test of this hypothesis in a combined laboratory and field study, and show that multiple mating seems to reduce the risk of infanticide in female bank voles Myodes glareolus . Our findings thus indicate that females of species with non-resource based mating systems, in which males provide nothing but sperm, but commit infanticide, can gain non-genetic fitness benefits from polyandry.

scholarly journals Studies in bank voles reveal strain differences between chronic wasting disease prions from Norway and North America

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (49) ◽  
pp. 31417-31426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romolo Nonno ◽  
Michele A. Di Bari ◽  
Laura Pirisinu ◽  
Claudia D’Agostino ◽  
Ilaria Vanni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
North American ◽  
Rangifer Tarandus ◽  
Chronic Wasting Disease ◽  
Strain Differences ◽  
Myodes Glareolus ◽  
Wasting Disease ◽  
Proximate Cause ◽  
Bank Voles ◽  
Regional Deposition

Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is a relentless epidemic disorder caused by infectious prions that threatens the survival of cervid populations and raises increasing public health concerns in North America. In Europe, CWD was detected for the first time in wild Norwegian reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) and moose (Alces alces) in 2016. In this study, we aimed at comparing the strain properties of CWD prions derived from different cervid species in Norway and North America. Using a classical strain typing approach involving transmission and adaptation to bank voles (Myodes glareolus), we found that prions causing CWD in Norway induced incubation times, neuropathology, regional deposition of misfolded prion protein aggregates in the brain, and size of their protease-resistant core, different from those that characterize North American CWD. These findings show that CWD prion strains affecting Norwegian cervids are distinct from those found in North America, implying that the highly contagious North American CWD prions are not the proximate cause of the newly discovered Norwegian CWD cases. In addition, Norwegian CWD isolates showed an unexpected strain variability, with reindeer and moose being caused by different CWD strains. Our findings shed light on the origin of emergent European CWD, have significant implications for understanding the nature and the ecology of CWD in Europe, and highlight the need to assess the zoonotic potential of the new CWD strains detected in Europe.

scholarly journals Bank vole immunoheterogeneity may limit Nephropatia Epidemica emergence in a French non-endemic region

Parasitology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 145 (3) ◽  
pp. 393-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. DUBOIS ◽  
G. CASTEL ◽  
S. MURRI ◽  
C. PULIDO ◽  
J.-B. PONS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bank Vole ◽  
Myodes Glareolus ◽  
Disease Emergence ◽  
Endemic Region ◽  
Natural Reservoir ◽  
Bank Voles ◽  
Free Region ◽  
Limited Dispersal ◽  
Antiviral Gene ◽  
French Region

SUMMARYEcoevolutionary processes affecting hosts, vectors and pathogens are important drivers of zoonotic disease emergence. In this study, we focused on nephropathia epidemica (NE), which is caused by Puumala hantavirus (PUUV) whose natural reservoir is the bank vole,Myodes glareolus. We questioned the possibility of NE emergence in a French region that is considered to be NE-free but that is adjacent to a NE-endemic region. We first confirmed the epidemiology of these two regions and we demonstrated the absence of spatial barriers that could have limited dispersal, and consequently, the spread of PUUV into the NE-free region. We next tested whether regional immunoheterogeneity could impact PUUV chances to circulate and persist in the NE-free region. We showed that bank voles from the NE-free region were sensitive to experimental PUUV infection. We observed high levels of immunoheterogeneity between individuals and also between regions. Antiviral gene expression (TnfandMx2) reached higher levels in bank voles from the NE-free region. During experimental infections, anti-PUUV antibody production was higher in bank voles from the NE-endemic region. These results indicated a lower susceptibility to PUUV for bank voles from this NE-free region, which might limit PUUV persistence and therefore, the risk of NE.

scholarly journals Infection Load and Prevalence of Novel Viruses Identified from the Bank Vole Do Not Associate with Exposure to Environmental Radioactivity

Viruses ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenni Kesäniemi ◽  
Anton Lavrinienko ◽  
Eugene Tukalenko ◽  
Tapio Mappes ◽  
Phillip C. Watts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bank Vole ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Systemic Infection ◽  
Environmental Radioactivity ◽  
Myodes Glareolus ◽  
Environmental Radiation ◽  
Bank Voles ◽  
Zoonotic Viruses ◽  
Repair Activity ◽  
Radiation Contamination

Bank voles (Myodes glareolus) are host to many zoonotic viruses. As bank voles inhabiting areas contaminated by radionuclides show signs of immunosuppression, resistance to apoptosis, and elevated DNA repair activity, we predicted an association between virome composition and exposure to radionuclides. To test this hypothesis, we studied the bank vole virome in samples of plasma derived from animals inhabiting areas of Ukraine (contaminated areas surrounding the former nuclear power plant at Chernobyl, and uncontaminated areas close to Kyiv) that differed in level of environmental radiation contamination. We discovered four strains of hepacivirus and four new virus sequences: two adeno-associated viruses, an arterivirus, and a mosavirus. However, viral prevalence and viral load, and the ability to cause a systemic infection, was not dependent on the level of environmental radiation.

scholarly journals In Vivo Characterization of a Bank Vole-Derived Cowpox Virus Isolate in Natural Hosts and the Rat Model

Viruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 237
Author(s):  
Saskia Weber ◽  
Kathrin Jeske ◽  
Rainer G. Ulrich ◽  
Christian Imholt ◽  
Jens Jacob ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bank Vole ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Reservoir Host ◽  
Myodes Glareolus ◽  
Replication Capacity ◽  
Cowpox Virus ◽  
Saguinus Oedipus ◽  
Bank Voles ◽  
Common Voles

Cowpox virus (CPXV) belongs to the genus Orthopoxvirus in the Poxviridae family and is endemic in western Eurasia. Based on seroprevalence studies in different voles from continental Europe and UK, voles are suspected to be the major reservoir host. Recently, a CPXV was isolated from a bank vole (Myodes glareolus) in Germany that showed a high genetic similarity to another isolate originating from a Cotton-top tamarin (Saguinus oedipus). Here we characterize this first bank vole-derived CPXV isolate in comparison to the related tamarin-derived isolate. Both isolates grouped genetically within the provisionally called CPXV-like 3 clade. Previous phylogenetic analysis indicated that CPXV is polyphyletic and CPXV-like 3 clade represents probably a different species if categorized by the rules used for other orthopoxviruses. Experimental infection studies with bank voles, common voles (Microtus arvalis) and Wistar rats showed very clear differences. The bank vole isolate was avirulent in both common voles and Wistar rats with seroconversion seen only in the rats. In contrast, inoculated bank voles exhibited viral shedding and seroconversion for both tested CPXV isolates. In addition, bank voles infected with the tamarin-derived isolate experienced a marked weight loss. Our findings allow for the conclusion that CPXV isolates might differ in their replication capacity in different vole species and rats depending on their original host. Moreover, the results indicate host-specific differences concerning CPXV-specific virulence. Further experiments are needed to identify individual virulence and host factors involved in the susceptibility and outcome of CPXV-infections in the different reservoir hosts.

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