Agricultural land cover changes in metropolitan areas of Poland for the period 1990–2012

Abstract Agricultural land covers more than half the area of metropolitan areas in Poland, and is therefore particularly prone to the influences of the processes associated with their development. The aim of the study was to analyse changes in agricultural land cover within the metropolitan areas of Poland for the years 1990–2012; and to capture their dynamics, types and directions. The percentage share of the total study area, for each of the forms of agricultural land cover and their changes were traced, with the spatial distribution of the changes also being determined. The results of the study show that in metropolitan areas, agricultural land cover is undergoing transformations that do not result in the loss of agricultural lands, or that involve a decrease in surface area due to their change into anthropogenic forms of land cover. The greatest transitions occurred between 2000 and 2006 and were observed in the outer zones of metropolitan areas.

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Spatial Distribution and Evaluation of Arsenic and Zinc Content in the Soil of a Karst Landscape

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13126976 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (12) ◽

pp. 6976

Author(s):

Dimitrios E. Alexakis ◽

George D. Bathrellos ◽

Hariklia D. Skilodimou ◽

Dimitra E. Gamvroula

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Spatial Distribution ◽

Land Use Planning ◽

Urban Soil ◽

Agricultural Soil ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Land Evaluation ◽

Agricultural Activity ◽

North West ◽

Total Study Area

Karst features such as polje are highly vulnerable to natural and anthropogenic pollution. The main objectives of this study were to investigate the soil quality in the Ioannina polje (north-west Greece) concerning arsenic (As) and zinc (Zn), and delineate their origin as well as compare the As and Zn content in soil with criteria recorded in the literature. For this purpose, the geomorphological settings, the land use, and the soil physicochemical properties were mapped and evaluated, including soil texture and concentrations of aqua-regia extractable As and Zn. The concentration of elements was spatially correlated with the land use and the geology of the study area, while screening values were applied to assess land suitability. The results reveal that 72% of the total study area has a very gentle slope. This relief favors urban and agricultural activity. Thus, the urban and agricultural land used cover 92% of the total area. The spatial distribution for As and Zn in the soil of the study area is located on very gentle slopes and is strongly correlated with the geological parent materials and human-induced contamination sources. Arsenic and Zn can be considered enriched in the soil of the area studied. The median topsoil contents (in mg kg−1) for As (agricultural soil 16.0; urban soil 17.8) and Zn (agricultural soil 92.0; urban soil 95.0) are higher compared to the corresponding median values of European topsoils. Land evaluation suitability concerning criteria given from the literature is discussed. The proposed work may be helpful in the project of land use planning and the protection of the natural environment.

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Unmixing the regional climate response to recent historical land cover changes in Europe

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-4866 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Bo Huang ◽

Xiangping Hu ◽

Geir-Arne Fuglstad ◽

Xu Zhou ◽

Wenwu Zhao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Land Cover ◽

Large Scale ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Climate Model ◽

Regional Climate ◽

Surface Energy Budget ◽

Land Cover Changes ◽

Climate Response ◽

Statistical Regression ◽

Cooling Effects

Land cover changes (LCCs) influence the regional climate because they alter biophysical mechanisms like evapotranspiration, albedo, and surface roughness. Previous research mainly assessed the regional climate implications of individual land cover transitions, such as the effects of historical forest clearance or idealized large-scale scenarios of deforestation/afforestation, but the combined effects from the mix of recent historical land cover changes in Europe have not been explored. In this study, we use a combination of high resolution land cover data with a regional climate model (the Weather Research and Forecasting model, WRF, v3.9.1) to quantify the effects on surface temperature of land cover changes between 1992 and 2015. Unlike many previous studies that had to use one unrealistic large-scale simulation for each LCC to single out its climate effects, our analysis simultaneously considers the effects of the mix of historical land cover changes in Europe and introduces a new method to disentangle the individual contributions. This approach, based on a ridge statistical regression, does not require an explicit consideration of the different components of the surface energy budget, and directly shows the temperature changes from each land transition.&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; From 1992 to 2015, around 70 Mha of land transitions occurred in Europe. Approximately 25 Mha of agricultural land was left abandoned, which was only partially compensated by cropland expansion (about 20 Mha). Declines in agricultural land mostly occurred in favor of forests (15 Mha) and urban settlements (8 Mha). Relative to 1992, we find that the land covers of 2015 are associated with an average temperature cooling of -0.12&#177;0.20 &#176;C, with seasonal and spatial variations. At a continental level, the mean cooling is mainly driven by agriculture abandonment (cropland-to-forest transitions). Idealized simulations where cropland transitions to other land classes are excluded result in a mean warming of +0.10&#177;0.19 &#176;C, especially during summer. Conversions to urban land always resulted in warming effects, whereas the local temperature response to forest gains and losses shows opposite signs from the western and central part of the domain (where forests have cooling effects) to the eastern part (where forests are associated to warming). Gradients in soil moisture and local climate conditions are the main drivers of these differences. Our findings are a first attempt to quantify the regional climate response to historical LCC in Europe, and our method allows to unmix the temperature signal of a grid cell to the underlying LCCs (i.e., temperature impact per land transition). Further developing biophysical implications from LCCs for their ultimate consideration in land use planning can improve synergies for climate change adaptation and mitigation.&#160;

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Land use and land cover changes in the Lower Neretva Region from 1990 to 2020

Hrvatski geografski glasnik/Croatian Geographical Bulletin ◽

10.21861/hgg.2021.83.02.01 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 83 (2) ◽

pp. 7-31

Author(s):

Josip Šetka ◽

◽

Petra Radeljak Kaufmann ◽

Luka Valožić ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Land Cover ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Confusion Matrix ◽

Hybrid Approach ◽

Land Cover Changes ◽

Landsat 8 ◽

Economic Changes ◽

Sparse Vegetation ◽

Landsat 7

Changes in land use and land cover are the result of complex interactions between humans and their environment. This study examines land use and land cover changes in the Lower Neretva Region between 1990 and 2020. Political and economic changes in the early 1990s resulted in changes in the landscape, both directly and indirectly. Multispectral image processing was used to create thematic maps of land use and land cover for 1990, 2005, and 2020. Satellite images from Landsat 5, Landsat 7 and Landsat 8 were the main source of data. Land use and land cover structure was assessed using a hybrid approach, combining unsupervised and manual (visual) classification methods. An assessment of classification accuracy was carried out using a confusion matrix and kappa coefficient. According to the results of the study, the percentage of built-up areas increased by almost 33%. Agricultural land and forests and grasslands also increased, while the proportion of swamps and sparse vegetation areas decreased.

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Monitoring Land Cover Changes in the Tropics using Satellite Remote Sensing Data

International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering - Special Issue ◽

10.35940/ijitee.l3809.1081219 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (12) ◽

pp. 3631-3636

Keyword(s):

Remote Sensing ◽

Land Cover ◽

Change Detection ◽

Land Cover Change ◽

Satellite Data ◽

Land Cover Changes ◽

Classification Methods ◽

Land Covers ◽

The Tropics ◽

Land Cover Change Detection

Changes in land cover are inevitable phenomena that occur in all parts of the world. Land cover changes can occur due to natural phenomena that include runoff, soil erosion and sedimentation besides man-made phenomena that include deforestation, urbanization and conversion of land covers to suit human needs. Several works on change detection have been carried out elsewhere, however there were lack of effort in analyzing the issues that affect the performance of existing change detection techniques. The study presented in this paper aims to detect changes of land covers by using remote sensing satellite data. The study involves detection of land cover changes using remote sensing techniques. This makes use satellite data taken at different times over a particular area of interest. The data has resolution of 30 m and records surface reflectance at approximately 0.4 to 0.7 micrometers wavelengths. The study area is located in Selangor, Malaysia and occupied with tropical land covers including coastal swamp water, sediment plumes, urban, industry, water, bare land, cleared land, oil palm, rubber and coconut. Initially, region of interests (ROI) were drawn on each of the land covers in order to extract the training pixels. Landsat satellite bands 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 7 were then used as the input for the three supervised classification methods namely Support Vector Machine (SVM), Maximum Likelihood (ML) and Neural Network (NN). Different sizes of training pixels were used as the input for the classification methods so that the performance can be better understood. The accuracy of the classifications was then assessed by analyzing the classifications with a set of reference pixels using a confusion matrix. The classification methods were then used to identify the conversion of land cover from year 2000 to 2005 within the study area. The outcomes of the land cover change detection were reported in terms quantitative and qualitative analyses. The study shows that SVM gives a more accurate and realistic land cover change detection compared to ML and NN mainly due to not being much influenced by the size of the training pixels. The findings of the study serve as important input for decision makers in managing natural resources and environment in the tropics systematically and efficiently.

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Land Use and Land Cover Change Detection and Prediction in the Kathmandu District of Nepal Using Remote Sensing and GIS

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12093925 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (9) ◽

pp. 3925 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Sonam Wangyel Wang ◽

Belay Manjur Gebru ◽

Munkhnasan Lamchin ◽

Rijan Bhakta Kayastha ◽

Woo-Kyun Lee

Keyword(s):

Remote Sensing ◽

Land Use ◽

Land Cover ◽

Land Cover Change ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Water Bodies ◽

Geographical Information ◽

Land Cover Changes ◽

Rapid Urbanization ◽

Urbanized Areas

Understanding land use and land cover changes has become a necessity in managing and monitoring natural resources and development especially urban planning. Remote sensing and geographical information systems are proven tools for assessing land use and land cover changes that help planners to advance sustainability. Our study used remote sensing and geographical information system to detect and predict land use and land cover changes in one of the world’s most vulnerable and rapidly growing city of Kathmandu in Nepal. We found that over a period of 20 years (from 1990 to 2010), the Kathmandu district has lost 9.28% of its forests, 9.80% of its agricultural land and 77% of its water bodies. Significant amounts of these losses have been absorbed by the expanding urbanized areas, which has gained 52.47% of land. Predictions of land use and land cover change trends for 2030 show worsening trends with forest, agriculture and water bodies to decrease by an additional 14.43%, 16.67% and 25.83%, respectively. The highest gain in 2030 is predicted for urbanized areas at 18.55%. Rapid urbanization—coupled with lack of proper planning and high rural-urban migration—is the key driver of these changes. These changes are associated with loss of ecosystem services which will negatively impact human wellbeing in the city. We recommend city planners to mainstream ecosystem-based adaptation and mitigation into urban plans supported by strong policy and funds.

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Land Cover Changes and Flows in the Polish Baltic Coastal Zone: A Qualitative and Quantitative Approach

Remote Sensing ◽

10.3390/rs12132088 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (13) ◽

pp. 2088 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Elzbieta Bielecka ◽

Agnieszka Jenerowicz ◽

Krzysztof Pokonieczny ◽

Sylwia Borkowska

Keyword(s):

Land Cover ◽

Coastal Zone ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Accurate Information ◽

Land Cover Changes ◽

Remotely Sensed Data ◽

Baltic Coast ◽

Spatiotemporal Trends ◽

Artificial Surface ◽

The Baltic

Detecting land cover changes requires timely and accurate information, which can be assured by using remotely sensed data and Geographic Information System(GIS). This paper examines spatiotemporal trends in land cover changes in the Polish Baltic coastal zone, especially the urbanisation, loss of agricultural land, afforestation, and deforestation. The dynamics of land cover change and its impact were discussed as the major findings. The analysis revealed that land cover changes on the Polish Baltic coast have been consistent throughout the 1990–2018 period, and in the consecutive inventories of land cover, they have changed faster. As shown in the research, the area of agricultural land was subject to significant change, i.e., about 40% of the initial 8% of the land area in heterogeneous agriculture was either developed or abandoned at about equal rates. Next, the steady growth of the forest and semi-natural area also changed the land cover. The enlargement of the artificial surface was the third observed trend of land cover changes. However, the pace of land cover changes on the Baltic coast is slightly slower than in the rest of Poland and the European average. The region is very diverse both in terms of land cover, types of land transformation, and the pace of change. Hence, the Polish national authorities classified the Baltic coast as an area of strategic intervention requiring additional action to achieve territorial cohesion and the goals of sustainable development.

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Monitoring NDVI Inter-Annual Behavior in Mountain Areas of Mainland Spain (2001–2016)

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su10124363 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 4363 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Patricia Arrogante-Funes ◽

Carlos Novillo ◽

Raúl Romero-Calcerrada

Keyword(s):

Land Cover ◽

Vegetation Index ◽

Normalized Difference Vegetation Index ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Land Cover Changes ◽

Mountainous Area ◽

Statistical Association ◽

Mountain Areas ◽

Mountain Ranges ◽

Statistical Trends

Currently, there exists growing evidence that warming is amplified with elevation resulting in rapid changes in temperature, humidity and water in mountainous areas. The latter might result in considerable damage to forest and agricultural land cover, affecting all the ecosystem services and the socio-economic development that these mountain areas provide. The Mediterranean mountains, moreover, which host a high diversity of natural species, are more vulnerable to global change than other European ecosystems. The protected areas of the mountain ranges of peninsular Spain could help preserve natural resources and landscapes, as well as promote scientific research and the sustainable development of local populations. The temporal statistical trends (2001–2016) of the MODIS13Q1 Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) interannual dynamics are analyzed to explore whether the NDVI trends are found uniformly within the mountain ranges of mainland Spain (altitude > 1000 m), as well as in the protected or non-protected mountain areas. Second, to determine if there exists a statistical association between finding an NDVI trend and the specific mountain ranges, protected or unprotected areas are studied. Third, a possible association between cover types in pure pixels using CORINE (Co-ordination of Information on the Environment) land cover cartography is studied and land cover changes between 2000 and 2006 and between 2006 and 2012 are calculated for each mountainous area. Higher areas are observed to have more positive NDVI trends than negative in mountain areas located in mainland Spain during the 2001–2016 period. The growing of vegetation, therefore, was greater than its decrease in the study area. Moreover, differences in the size of the area between growth and depletion of vegetation patterns along the different mountains are found. Notably, more negatives than expected are found, and fewer positives are found than anticipated in the mountains, such as the Cordillera Cantábrica (C.Cant.) or Montes de Murcia y Alicante (M.M.A). Quite the reverse happened in Pirineos (Pir.) and Montes de Cádiz y Málaga (M.C.M.), among others. The statistical association between the trends found and the land cover types is also observed. The differences observed can be explained since the mountain ranges in this study are defined by climate, land cover, human usage and, to a small degree, by land cover changes, but further detailed research is needed to get in-depth detailed conclusions. Conversely, it is found that, in protected mountain areas, a lower NDVI pixels trend than expected (>20%) occurs, whereas it is less than anticipated in unprotected mountain areas. This could be caused by management and the land cover type.

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Measuring and Predicting Long-Term Land Cover Changes in the Functional Urban Area of Budapest

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12083331 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (8) ◽

pp. 3331

Author(s):

József Lennert ◽

Jenő Zsolt Farkas ◽

András Donát Kovács ◽

András Molnár ◽

Rita Módos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Land Cover ◽

Urban Area ◽

Urban Sprawl ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Arable Land ◽

Land Cover Changes ◽

Research Findings ◽

Nature And Society

The loss of farmland to urban use in peri-urban areas is a global phenomenon. Urban sprawl generates a decline in the availability of productive agricultural land around cities, causing versatile conflicts between nature and society and threatening the sustainability of urban agglomerations. This study aimed to uncover the spatial pattern of long-term (80 years) land cover changes in the functional urban area of Budapest, with special attention to the conversion of agricultural land. The paper is based on a unique methodology utilizing various data sources such as military-surveyed topographic maps from the 1950s, the CLC 90 from 1990, and the Urban Atlas from 2012. In addition, the multilayer perceptron (MLP) method was used to model land cover changes through 2040. The research findings showed that land conversion and the shrinkage of productive agricultural land around Budapest significantly intensified after the collapse of communism. The conversion of arable land to artificial surfaces increased, and by now, the traditional metropolitan food supply area around Budapest has nearly disappeared. The extent of forests and grasslands increased in the postsocialist period due to national afforestation programs and the demand of new suburbanites for recreational space. Urban sprawl and the conversion of agricultural land should be an essential issue during the upcoming E.U. Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) reforms.

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Modelled land use and land cover change emissions – A spatio-temporal comparison of different approaches

10.5194/esd-2020-93 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Wolfgang A. Obermeier ◽

Julia E. M. S. Nabel ◽

Tammas Loughran ◽

Kerstin Hartung ◽

Ana Bastos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Land Cover ◽

Environmental Conditions ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Environmental Changes ◽

Land Cover Changes ◽

Legacy Effects ◽

Spatio Temporal ◽

The Impact ◽

Global Carbon

Abstract. Quantifying the net carbon flux from land use and land cover changes (fLULCC) is critical for understanding the global carbon cycle, and hence, to support climate change mitigation. However, large-scale fLULCC is not directly measurable, but has to be inferred from models instead, such as semi-empirical bookkeeping models, and process-based dynamic global vegetation models (DGVMs). By definition, fLULCC estimates are not directly comparable between these two different model types. As an example, DGVM-based fLULCC in the annual global carbon budgets is estimated under transient environmental forcing and includes the so-called Loss of Additional Sink Capacity (LASC). The LASC accounts for the impact of environmental changes on land carbon storage potential of managed land compared to potential vegetation which is not represented in bookkeeping models. In addition, fLULCC from transient DGVM simulations differs depending on the arbitrary chosen simulation time period and the historical timing of land use and land cover changes (including different accumulation periods for legacy effects). An approximation of fLULCC by DGVMs that is independent of the timing of land use and land cover changes and their legacy effects requires simulations assuming constant pre-industrial or present-day environmental forcings. Here, we analyze three DGVM-derived fLULCC estimations for twelve models within 18 regions and quantify their differences as well as climate- and CO2-induced components. The three estimations stem from the commonly performed simulation with transiently changing environmental conditions and two simulations that keep environmental conditions fixed, at pre-industrial and present-day conditions. Averaged across the models, we find a global fLULCC (under transient conditions) of 2.0 ± 0.6 PgC yr-1 for 2009–2018, of which ∼40 % are attributable to the LASC (0.8 ± 0.3 PgC yr-1). From 1850 onward, fLULCC accumulated to 189 ± 56 PgC with 40 ± 15 PgC from the LASC. Regional hotspots of high cumulative and annual LASC values are found in the USA, China, Brazil, Equatorial Africa and Southeast Asia, mainly due to deforestation for cropland. Distinct negative LASC estimates, in Europe (early reforestation) and from 2000 onward in the Ukraine (recultivation of post-Soviet abandoned agricultural land), indicate that fLULCC estimates in these regions are lower in transient DGVM- compared to bookkeeping-approaches. By unraveling spatio-temporal variability in three alternative DGVM-derived fLULCC estimates, our results call for a harmonized attribution of model-derived fLULCC. We propose an approach that bridges bookkeeping and DGVM approaches for fLULCC estimation by adopting a mean DGVM-ensemble LASC for a defined reference period.

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Perubahan Tutupan Lahan Setelah 14 Tahun Bencana Tsunami (Studi Kasus di Kecamatan Baitussalam)

Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pertanian ◽

10.17969/jimfp.v4i1.10440 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 699-707

Author(s):

Nadya Faizah ◽

Muhammad Rusdi ◽

Sugianto Sugianto

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Land Cover ◽

Land Cover Change ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Land Cover Changes

Abstrak. Perubahan tutupan lahan mengakibatkan beberapa penggunaan lahan menjadi berubah, terutama pada lahan pertanian yang berubah menjadi non-pertanian. Perubahan penggunaan lahan saat ini sudah sering terjadi di beberapa daerah terutama pada lahan pertanian yang berubah menjadi lahan non-pertanian. Pasca Tsunami daerah yang terkena bencana dilakukan rehabilitasi dan rekontruksi, semua aktivitas tersebut berdampak kepada perubahan tutupan lahan. Perubahan tutupan lahan diperoleh dari overlay dengan kaedah union mulai dari tahun 2004 hingga tahun 2018. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa perubahan tutupan lahan selama kurun waktu 14 tahun pasca Tsunami terbesar terjadi pada pemukiman, yaitu mengalami peningkatan sebesar 550,14 ha (76,96%). sedangkan Perubahan tutupan lahan terkecil yaitu semak belukar sebesar 66,41 ha (5,06%).Land Cover Changes after 14 years of the Tsunami Case Study at Kecamatan BaitussalamAbstract. Changes in land cover have caused some land use to change, especially on agricultural land that has turned into non-agricultural land. Post-tsunami areas affected by rehabilitation and reconstruction, all of these activities have an impact on land cover change. Changes in land cover were obtained from overlays with the unification method from 2004 to 2018. The results of the analysis showed that changes in land cover for 14 years after the Tsunami occurred mostly in settlements, which increased by 550.14 ha (76.96%). while the smallest land cover change is shrubs covering an area of 66.41 ha (5.06%).

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