scholarly journals Power-efficient generation of two-octave mid-IR frequency combs in a germanium microresonator

Nanophotonics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 1461-1467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuhao Guo ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Zhaohong Han ◽  
Kazumi Wada ◽  
Lionel C. Kimerling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pump Power ◽  
Frequency Comb ◽  
Wide Band ◽  
Power Efficient ◽  
Frequency Combs ◽  
Dispersion Engineering ◽  
High Pump Power ◽  
High Pump ◽  
Limited Power ◽  
Comb Generation

AbstractOctave-spanning frequency comb generation in the deep mid-infrared (>5.5 μm) typically requires a high pump power, which is challenging because of the limited power of narrow linewidth lasers at long wavelengths. We propose twofold dispersion engineering for a Ge-on-Si microcavity to enable both dispersion flattening and dispersion hybridization over a wide band from 3.5 to 10 μm. A two-octave mode-locked Kerr frequency comb can be generated from 2.3 to 10.2 μm, with a pump power as low as 180 mW. It has been shown that dispersion flattening greatly enhances the spectral broadening of the generated comb, whereas dispersion hybridization improves its spectral flatness.

scholarly journals Dispersion engineering and measurement of whispering gallery mode microresonator for Kerr frequency comb generation

Nanophotonics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1087-1104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shun Fujii ◽  
Takasumi Tanabe
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Wave ◽  
Frequency Tuning ◽  
Frequency Comb ◽  
Whispering Gallery Mode ◽  
High Repetition Rate ◽  
Power Efficient ◽  
Frequency Combs ◽  
Dispersion Engineering ◽  
Whispering Gallery ◽  
Wide Range

AbstractDesigning and engineering microresonator dispersion are essential for generating microresonator frequency comb. Microresonator frequency combs (microcombs, Kerr frequency combs) offer the potential for various attractive applications as a new type of coherent light source that is power efficient and compact and has a high repetition rate and a broad bandwidth. They are easily driven with a continuous-wave pump laser with adequate frequency tuning; however, the resonators must have a high quality (Q) factor and suitable dispersion. The emergence of cavity enhanced four-wave mixing, which is based on third-order susceptibility in the host material, results in the generation of broadband and coherent optical frequency combs in the frequency domain equivalent to an optical pulse in the time domain. The platforms on which Kerr frequency combs can be observed have been developed, thanks to intensive efforts by many researchers over a few decades. Ultrahigh-Q whispering gallery mode (WGM) microresonators are one of the major platforms since they can be made of a wide range of material including silica glass, fluoride crystals and semiconductors. In this review, we focus on the dispersion engineering of WGM microresonators by designing the geometry of the resonators based on numerical simulation. In addition, we discuss experimental methods for measuring resonator dispersion. Finally, we describe experimental results for Kerr frequency combs where second- and higher-order dispersions influence their optical spectra.

NON-DEMOLITIVE PHOTON NUMBER MEASUREMENT VIA χ(2) NONLINEARITY

1999 ◽  
Vol 13 (28) ◽  
pp. 3383-3392 ◽  
Author(s):  
STEFANIA CASTELLETTO ◽  
IVO PIETRO DEGIOVANNI ◽  
MARIA LUISA RASTELLO
Keyword(s):  
Pump Power ◽  
Beam Splitter ◽  
Nonlinear Crystal ◽  
Photon Number ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Relative Uncertainty ◽  
Theoretical Evaluation ◽  
High Pump Power ◽  
Coherent Field ◽  
High Pump

The aim of this paper is to present a possible experiment for measuring photon number by a non-demolitive scheme. We show that, in principle, it is possible to deduce the number of photons of an intense pump coherent field by measuring the phase-shift on two frequency conjugated beams due to the interaction with the pump in a nonlinear crystal, which exhibits χ(2) nonlinearity. We perform a theoretical evaluation of the relative uncertainty associated to the photon number measurement, obtaining high accuracy results when high pump power levels, low coupling between pump and crystal and squeezing generators are used. The accuracy obtained are compared with results obtainable with a beam splitter setup.

scholarly journals Dynamics of microresonator frequency comb generation: models and stability

Nanophotonics ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Hansson ◽  
Stefan Wabnitz
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Wave ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Frequency Comb ◽  
Modulational Instability ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Generation Process ◽  
Modal Expansion ◽  
Frequency Combs ◽  
Comb Generation

AbstractMicroresonator frequency combs hold promise for enabling a new class of light sources that are simultaneously both broadband and coherent, and that could allow for a profusion of potential applications. In this article, we review various theoretical models for describing the temporal dynamics and formation of optical frequency combs. These models form the basis for performing numerical simulations that can be used in order to better understand the comb generation process, for example helping to identify the universal combcharacteristics and their different associated physical phenomena. Moreover, models allow for the study, design and optimization of comb properties prior to the fabrication of actual devices. We consider and derive theoretical formalisms based on the Ikeda map, the modal expansion approach, and the Lugiato-Lefever equation. We further discuss the generation of frequency combs in silicon resonators featuring multiphoton absorption and free-carrier effects. Additionally, we review comb stability properties and consider the role of modulational instability as well as of parametric instabilities due to the boundary conditions of the cavity. These instability mechanisms are the basis for comprehending the process of frequency comb formation, for identifying the different dynamical regimes and the associated dependence on the comb parameters. Finally, we also discuss the phenomena of continuous wave bi- and multistability and its relation to the observation of mode-locked cavity solitons.

Design of EDFA based 16 channel WDM system using counter directional high pump power

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Asraful Sekh ◽  
Mijanur Rahim ◽  
Anjumanara Begam
Keyword(s):  
Pump Power ◽  
Wavelength Division Multiplexing ◽  
Input Power ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
Fiber Amplifiers ◽  
Wavelength Division ◽  
High Pump Power ◽  
Erbium Doped ◽  
High Pump ◽  
Channel Wavelength

Abstract In this paper, design of erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFA) based 16 channel wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) system for different pump powers and input signal levels using counter propagating pumping scheme is reported. Wavelength range between 1548 and 1560 nm in C-band with channel spacing of 0.75 nm at a bit rate of 10 Gbps are used. Input power given to all the channels is taken between −20 and −35 dBm with 3 dBm variation. Pump power levels between 100 and 500 mW at 980 nm wavelength are used. Low gain flatness with high gains and low noise figures are achieved with the proposed scheme.

scholarly journals pyLLE: A Fast and User Friendly Lugiato-Lefever Equation Solver

2019 ◽  
Vol 124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory Moille ◽  
Qing Li ◽  
Lu Xiyuan ◽  
Kartik Srinivasan
Keyword(s):  
Programming Language ◽  
Frequency Comb ◽  
Mean Field ◽  
Dissipative Structures ◽  
Optical Systems ◽  
User Friendliness ◽  
Frequency Combs ◽  
Nonlinear Resonator ◽  
Comb Generation ◽  
Python Programming

The Lugiato-Lefever Equation (LLE), first developed to provide a description of spatial dissipative structures in optical systems, has recently made a significant impact in the integrated photonics community, where it has been adopted to help understand and predict Kerr-mediated nonlinear optical phenomena such as parametric frequency comb generation inside microresonators. The LLE is essentially an application of the nonlinear Schrodinger equation (NLSE) to a damped, driven Kerr nonlinear resonator, so that a periodic boundary condition is applied. Importantly, a slow-varying time envelope is stipulated, resulting in a mean-field solution in which the field does not vary within a round trip. This constraint, which differentiates the LLE from the more general Ikeda map, significantly simplifies calculations while still providing excellent physical representation for a wide variety of systems. In particular, simulations based on the LLE formalism have enabled modeling that quantitatively agrees with reported experimental results on microcomb generation (e.g., in terms of spectral bandwidth), and have also been central to theoretical studies that have provided better insight into novel nonlinear dynamics that can be supported by Kerr nonlinear microresonators. The great potential of microresonator frequency combs (microcombs) in a wide variety of applications suggests the need for efficient and widely accessible computational tools to more rapidly further their development. Although LLE simulations are commonly performed by research groups working in the field, to our knowledge no free software package for solving this equation in an easy and fast way is currently available. Here, we introduce pyLLE, an open-source LLE solver for microcomb modeling. It combines the user-friendliness of the Python programming language and the computational power of the Julia programming language.

scholarly journals Normal-dispersion microresonator Kerr frequency combs

Nanophotonics ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 244-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoxiao Xue ◽  
Minghao Qi ◽  
Andrew M. Weiner
Keyword(s):  
Velocity Dispersion ◽  
Frequency Comb ◽  
Group Velocity Dispersion ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Normal Dispersion ◽  
Frequency Combs ◽  
The Past ◽  
Dispersion Regime ◽  
Comb Generation

AbstractOptical microresonator-based Kerr frequency comb generation has developed into a hot research area in the past decade. Microresonator combs are promising for portable applications due to their potential for chip-level integration and low power consumption. According to the group velocity dispersion of the microresonator employed, research in this field may be classified into two categories: the anomalous dispersion regime and the normal dispersion regime. In this paper, we discuss the physics of Kerr comb generation in the normal dispersion regime and review recent experimental advances. The potential advantages and future directions of normal dispersion combs are also discussed.

Strain and Temperature Discrimination Using High-Birefringence Erbium-Doped Fiber Loop Mirror With High Pump Power Laser

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 1033-1035 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orlando Frazao ◽  
Diogo Egypto ◽  
Lucas Aragao-Bittencourt ◽  
Maria T. M. R. Giraldi ◽  
Manuel B. Marques
Keyword(s):  
Pump Power ◽  
Power Laser ◽  
High Birefringence ◽  
High Pump Power ◽  
Erbium Doped ◽  
High Pump ◽  
Fiber Loop Mirror ◽  
Loop Mirror ◽  
Fiber Loop

scholarly journals Low-threshold and narrow-linewidth perovskite microlasers pumped by a localized waveguide source

Nanophotonics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Liu ◽  
Haoran Yu ◽  
Lun Dai ◽  
Zhi Li ◽  
Jianjun Chen
Keyword(s):  
Pump Power ◽  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Free Space ◽  
Plane Waveguide ◽  
Spatial Mismatch ◽  
High Pump Power ◽  
Pump Power Threshold ◽  
Power Threshold ◽  
High Pump ◽  
Laser Modes

Abstract For the widely used vertically pumped (VP) method with a free-space beam, very little pump power is absorbed by the gain materials in microlasers because of the large spatial mismatch of areas between laser modes and free-space pump beams together with small thicknesses of gain materials, resulting in a high pump power threshold. Here, an in-plane-waveguide-pump (IPWP) method with a localized waveguide source is proposed to reduce pump power threshold of perovskite microlasers. Owing to reduced spatial mismatch of areas between laser modes and localized waveguide sources as well as increased absorption distances, the pump power threshold of the IPWP method is decreased to approximately 6% that of the VP method. Moreover, under the same multiple of the pump power threshold, the laser linewidth in the IPWP method is narrowed to approximately 70% that in the VP method. By using the IPWP method, selective pumping two adjacent (separation 2 or 3 μm) parallel-located perovskite microlasers is experimentally demonstrated, and no crosstalk is observed. This IPWP method may have applications in low-energy and high-density microlasers and photonic integrated circuits.

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