Urban planning as a tool to enhance the health of city inhabitants

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 307-309
Author(s):  
Karolina Mackiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Healthy Cities ◽  
Who Healthy Cities

Abstract Urban planning significantly impacts the health of inhabitants of the cities. Living environment affects if people exercise or not, if they decide to commute to work by bike or on foot, if they feel safe and finally if they enjoy the wellbeing. The responsibility for urban planning is in the hands of the local governments. This paper presents examples from the European WHO Healthy Cities, particularly from Turku, Finland about innovative and healthy solutions in urban planning.

scholarly journals THE DETERMINATION OF TASKS OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION BODIES IN PUBLIC SERVICE ACTIVITIES IN THE FIELD OF URBAN PLANNING

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (9) ◽  
pp. 138-141
Author(s):  
Olena Omelyan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Public Service ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Electronic System ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Service Activities ◽  
Legal Entities

The article is devoted to topical issues of public administration tasks in the implementation of public service activities in the field of urban planning. The author notes that the analysis of the types of administrative services provided to entities (individuals and legal entities) determines the low level of development and some uncertainty in the regulations for the provision of such services. It is noted that the service state is formed from a number of important and interconnected elements, one of which is its social purpose, which is manifested in the activities of public authorities in the process of providing public services. The article defines urban planning activity as a system with polysubjective composition, as it is a purposeful activity of state bodies, local governments, enterprises, institutions, organizations, citizens, associations of citizens to create and maintain a full living environment, which includes forecasting development settlements and territories, planning, construction and other use of territories, design, construction of urban planning facilities, construction of other facilities, reconstruction of historic settlements while preserving the traditional nature of the environment, restoration and rehabilitation of cultural heritage sites, creation of engineering and transport infrastructure. It is emphasized that when studying the public service activities of public administration bodies, it is necessary to take into account the fact that the improvement of the procedure of its implementation and legislative regulation and regulation has not only service but also law enforcement content. Based on the identified aspects of public service activities of public authorities in the field of urban planning, it is possible to formulate such tasks that should help create appropriate conditions for individuals and legal entities, under which the latter are able to effectively implement and protect their rights guaranteed by law. , freedoms and legitimate interests: development and implementation of effective tools, methods and techniques of service policy in the field of urban planning; introduction of clear mechanisms for the provision of services by public authorities and further implementation of the Unified State Electronic System in the field of construction, etc.

scholarly journals Theme cities for health: are they the superior Healthy Cities?

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
E De Leeuw ◽  
J Forbat ◽  
J Simos
Keyword(s):  
Health Equity ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Early Adopter ◽  
Sustainable Cities ◽  
Healthy Cities ◽  
International Networks ◽  
Political Analysis ◽  
Child Friendly ◽  
Transition Towns ◽  
Who Healthy Cities

Abstract Since the early 1980s we have witnessed a proliferation of 'Theme Cities' with the WHO 'Healthy Cities' networks a very early adopter, together with local government initiatives that focused on environmental health and sustainability. These days such networks range very broadly, from Citta Slow and Child-Friendly Cities to sustainable, resilient, festival, happy, garden, winter, safe, inclusive and many more theme-centered international networks of local governments and communities. We undertook a political analysis of the extent to which these networks formally recognise and address the drivers of inequity in societies around the world, and to which extent they are ready to act truly glocally. We found that 'Sustainable Cities' rank highly, with WHO/EURO and PAHO style 'Healthy Cities' a close second. 'Transition Towns and Communities' are in a category of their own and can be considered a potentially important political voice for glocal health equity. Key messages Healthy Cities are Theme Cities - but not all do well to promote health equity. Sustainability and health (as per the SDGs) have enormous glocal health potential.

Group Communication in City Planning Decisions (on the example urban projects of Moscow region)

Communicology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.A. Samoylova ◽  
O.A. Zhirkov ◽  
S.V. Belkin
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
City Planning ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Communicative Interaction ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Planning Decisions ◽  
Spatial Environment ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Planning Development ◽  
Political Economic

The authors set out the basics of urban planning policy and represent the capabilities of modern information and communication tools for an integrated way of fixing the material and intangible world for urban planning purposes in the living environment (material and spatial environment). Namely, the possibilities of communication in the field of urban planning development carried out in the context of many circumstances cover federal, regional, municipal and corporate levels of management, while taking into account political, economic, social and technological relevant factors, as well as historical and national special aspects and urban planning typology of territories. The authors describe the operation of the developed computer program Decision Support Solutions (DSS) for evaluating decision options by interested participants in urban planning activities for various urban planning types of territories. The relevance of the article is driven by the need for practical use and legalization of the presented communicative interaction. This will facilitate the identification and solution of conflicts at the pre-project stage of urban planning, as should help to consider the requirements of consumers and their support for ongoing decisions and actions of public authorities at all levels.

SOCIOCULTURAL BASIS OF URBAN PLANNING REGULATION FOR PUBLIC OPEN SPACES

2021 ◽  
pp. 18-40
Author(s):  
Olga N. Bliankinshyein ◽  
◽  
Natalia A. Popkova ◽  
Matvey V. Savelyev ◽  
Natalia A. Unagaeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Landscape Planning ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Modern Approach ◽  
Public Open Spaces

The authors consider the problem of urban planning regulation of public open spaces from the perspective of their dominant role in the formation of a holistic socio-cultural structure of a city. Relevance of the study is determined by the modern demand for comfortable urban environment of the public open spaces, which has become the global urban planning trend in recent decades. The modern approach, promoted in the UN Charter and in federal and regional strategic development programs is aimed at increasing the emotional attachment of people to a place of living and fostering a sense of community. The improvement of public spaces should be based on the historical and cultural context, natural features, and the identity of a place. The implementation of numerous projects all over the country has revealed the flaws of urban planning regulations. This fact stimulated the emergence of targeted contests of applied research aimed at the development of new national and local regulations, standard architectural solutions which would provide high-quality development of the urban environment. Analysis of the approaches to public open space development reveals current trends in their planning regulation, which are considered in separate sections of the article. The first section explores the mechanisms which regulate the improvement of urban historical and cultural sites. It touches upon the problems of preservation of cultural heritage and the identification of landmark places. It also considers examples of the urban planning regulations for the areas of “historical urban regeneration” (Dresden, Ivanovo, Arkhangelsk, Voronezh, Belgorod) and the examples of completed projects in Siberian cities (Yeniseisk, Krasnoyarsk, Tomsk, Irkutsk). The second section is devoted to the identification and preservation of unique natural elements and images of a place through the urban landscape zoning. Different approaches to solving issues of improvement and humanization of the living environment are considered using examples of Berlin, Paris, London, Moscow, Krasnoyarsk. The third section presents a comparative analysis of existing Russian and foreign regulatory documents aimed at creating an environment of public open spaces in urbanized areas of a city. Of particular interest here are the methods of regulation that take into account functional content, development morphology, remoteness from city center, natural and socio-cultural characteristics, as well as those aimed at protecting the wildlife (Seattle, New York, Toronto, London, Victoria Australia). The socio-cultural phenomenon of public open spaces highlights the fundamental relationship between the quality of spatial environment and human consciousness, behavior, way of life. Therefore, a tailored approach to the creation of architectural and landscape planning regulations will allow to treat each public space substantively, preserving and maintaining the identity of the historical and cultural environment of a place.

Evolution of cities in Borneo: a kaleidoscope of urban landscapes for planning future resilient cities

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Kozlowski ◽  
Rahinah Ibrahim ◽  
Khairul Hazmi Zaini
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Cultural Tradition ◽  
Urban Landscapes ◽  
Central State ◽  
Unique Region ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
State And Local

PurposeThis study aims to examine the trajectory of the urban growth of Borneo by portraying its resilient settlements in the pre-colonial times, tropical sensitive colonial architecture, the built environment of the post–independence period and finally the contemporary city image. This is followed by a comparative study of its major urban centres and determining how globalisation and neoliberalism impact the traditional urban settlements of this island and poses a threat to its rich biodiversity.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses case study research methodology involving selected cities on the Island of Borneo including Kota Kinabalu, Sandakan, Miri and Kuching (Sabah and Sarawak, Malaysia), Bandar Seri Begawan (Brunei), and major cities of the state of Kalimantan, Indonesia. Data collection includes a literature review, content analysis, field assessment and observations. The major research objectives would address past and current issues in the selected urban environment of Borneo. They address the historical evolution of major cities of Borneo, current urban development trends, the deterioration of the traditional urban fabric as a result of post–independence development and later globalisation.FindingsThis study found that the rich cultural tradition and climate-responsive architecture from the past have been discontinued to pave way for fast track and often speculative development. The results contribute in the convergence of existing shortcomings of cities from three nations on Borneo Island in guiding future sustainable urban planning agenda for achieving a resilient city status while reinstating the character and the sense of place. The study expects the recommendations to become prerequisites for future urban planning in sensitive tropical regions.Originality/valueThis research identified a new “Borneo approach” to urban development. The study strongly recommends top priorities for the central, state and local governments of Malaysia, Brunei and Indonesia allowing the planners and decision-makers to establish a new tropical urban planning initiative with the ample design practice for this unique region in Southeast Asia. The results of this study can serve as the guiding principles for other urban environments in fragile and sensitive tropical regions.

Planners Support of E-Participation in the Field of Urban Planning

2010 ◽  
pp. 237-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikael Granberg ◽  
Joachim Åström
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Participatory Democracy ◽  
Communicative Planning ◽  
Positive Attitudes

The chapter questions what planners really mean when they display positive attitudes toward increased citizen participation via ICTs? Are they aiming for change or the reinforcement of existing values and practices? What are the assumptions that underlie and condition the explicit support for e-participation? In addressing these questions, this chapter draws upon a survey mapping the support for e-participation in the field of urban planning, targeting the heads of the planning departments in all Swedish local governments in 2006. The results show confusing or conflicting attitudes among planners towards participation, supporting as well as challenging the classic normative theories of participatory democracy and communicative planning.

The Implications of the New Geography Framework of Urban Agro Ecology on Urban Planning

2022 ◽  
pp. 141-170
Author(s):  
José G. Vargas-Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Technological Research ◽  
Disadvantaged Communities ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Constructive Analysis ◽  
New Geography

This chapter has the objective to analyze the implications that the new geography framework of urban agro ecology has on urban planning. It departs from the assumption that the new geography is a theoretical framework for the for the analysis of the economic, social, political, ecological, technological, research, and science based on the interrelationships between urban agro ecology and urban planning. The methodology is based in a constructive analysis of the reviewed theoretical and empirical literature to infer a model based on the construct of the new geography. Finally, it is concluded that urban planning of local governments can formulate and implement strategies based on the new geography framework in urban agro ecology to proving incentives in new urban developments and to benefit disadvantaged communities.

Urban Health and Healthy Cities Today

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evelyne de Leeuw ◽  
Jean Simos ◽  
Julien Forbat
Keyword(s):  
Urban Health ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Determinants ◽  
Healthy Cities ◽  
Urban Context ◽  
Global Networks ◽  
The City

The authors of this article purport that for current understanding of Healthy Cities it is useful to appreciate other global networks of local governments and communities. In a context where the local level is increasingly acknowledged as decisive in designing and implementing policies capable of tackling global threats such as climate change and their health-related aspects, understanding how thousands of cities across the world have decided to respond to those challenges appears essential. Starting with the concept of “healthy cities” in the 1980s, the trend toward promoting better living conditions in urban settings has rapidly grown to encompass today countless “theme cities” networks. Each network tends to focus on more or less specific issues related to well-being and quality of life. These various networks are thus not limited to more or less competing labels (Healthy Cities, Smart Cities, or Inclusive Cities, for instance), but entail significant differences in their approaches to the promotion of health in the urban context. The aim of this article is to systematically typify these “theme cities.” A typology of “theme cities” networks has several objectives. First, it describes the health aspects that are considered by the networks. Are they adopting a systemic perspective on all health determinants, such as Healthy Cities, or are they focusing on “hardware” determinants like Smart Cities? Second, it highlights the key characteristics of the networks. For instance, are they pushing for technological solutions to health problems, like Smart Cities, or are they aiming at strengthening communities in order to mitigate their detrimental effects, like Creative Cities? Third, the typology has the potential to be used as an analytical tool, for example, in the comparison of the results obtained by different types of networks in urban health issues. Finally, the typology offers a tool to enhance both transparency and participation in the policymaking process taking place when selecting and engaging in a network. Indeed, by clarifying the terms of the debate, decisions can be made more explicit and achieve a greater level of congruence with the overall objectives of the city. Indeed, Healthy Cities today need to make alliances with other theme networks, and this typology gives the keys to find which networks are the “natural best allies,” avoiding mutually harmful antagonisms. In that sense, the typology developed should be of interest to any actor involved in health promotion at the city level, whether in an existing “theme cities” policy process or as willing to participate in such a program, and to scholars interested in better understanding the main drivers of “theme cities” networks, a rapidly growing field of study.

scholarly journals KEWENANGAN BADAN LINGKUNGAN HIDUP DALAM PEMBERIAN SANKSI ADMINISTRATIF TERHADAP PELANGGARAN PENCEMARAN LINGKUNGAN

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 650
Author(s):  
I Made ari Permadi
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Deterrent Effect ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Environment And Health ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Administrative Sanctions ◽  
Relationship Of

National economic development as mandated by the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia Year 1945 organized by the principles of sustainable development and environmentally friendly. Development activities by various human activities have a direct impact on the capacity of the environment, resulting in a shift in the balance of the environment and use of natural resources that is disproportionate and inefficient, lack of awareness of the company as the private sector in environmental management program, causing environmental problems. The environment is a very important part in the human life cycle. Good environment and health is a human right process outlined in the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia Year 1945 (1945), in Article 28H paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution to formulate any person entitled prosperous life physically and mentally, residing, and earn a good living environment and healthy and receive medical care. Spirit of regional autonomy in the governance of the Republic of Indonesia has brought changes and the relationship of authority between the central and local governments, including in the field of environmental protection and management. That environmental quality is declining has threatened the survival of life of humans and other living creatures so that should be the protection and management of the environment seriously and consistently by all stakeholders. Pollution is one of the problems that arose from the development of these technologies. To maintain the preservation of the environment, criminal and administrative sanctions is one deterrent effect in order to preserve the environment.Pembangunan ekonomi nasional sebagaimana diamanatkan oleh Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945 diselenggarakan berdasarkan prinsip pembangunan berkelanjutan dan berwawasan lingkungan. Kegiatan pembangunan dengan berbagai aktivitas manusia mempunyai pengaruh langsung terhadap daya dukung lingkungan, sehingga terjadi pergeseran keseimbangan lingkungan dan pemanfaatan sumber daya alam yang tidak proporsional dan tidak efisien, kurangnya kesadaran perusahaan sebagai sektor swasta dalam program pengelolaan lingkungan hidup, menimbulkan permasalahan lingkungan hidup. Lingkungan merupakan bagian yang sangat penting dalam siklus kehidupan manusia. Lingkungan hidup yang baik dan sehat merupakan hak asasi manusia sesuai yang diatur dalam Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945 (UUD 1945), dalam Pasal 28H ayat (1) UUD 1945 merumuskan setiap orang berhak hidup sejahtera lahir dan batin, bertempat tinggal, dan mendapatkan lingkungan hidup yang baik dan sehat serta berhak memperoleh pelayanan kesehatan. Semangat otonomi daerah dalam penyelenggaraan pemerintahan Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia telah membawa perubahan hubungan dan kewenangan antara Pemerintah dan pemerintah daerah, termasuk di bidang perlindungan dan pengelolaan lingkungan hidup. Bahwa kualitas lingkungan hidup yang semakin menurun telah mengancam kelangsungan perikehidupan manusia dan makhluk hidup lainnya sehingga perlu dilakukan perlindungan dan pengelolaan lingkungan hidup yang sungguh-sungguh dan konsisten oleh semua pemangku kepentingan. Pencemaran merupakan salah satu permasalahan yang timbul akibat perkembangan teknologi tersebut. Untuk menjaga kelestarian fungsi lingkungan hidup, sanksi administrasi dan sanksi pidana merupakan salah satu efek jera guna menjaga kelestarian fungsi lingkungan hidup.

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