scholarly journals A Novel Gel-based Method for Isolation of Stigmas During Controlled Pollination Experiments

2009 ◽  
Vol 58 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 226-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tasmien N. Horsley ◽  
Nicoletta B. Jones ◽  
Steven D. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Current Method ◽  
The Other ◽  
Isolation Method ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Pollination Experiments ◽  
Controlled Pollination ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Elite Trees

Abstract In forestry, controlled pollination (CP) allows the combining of genetic material of selected elite trees to produce high quality, and consequently high value, seed. The aim of the present study was to develop a novel isolation method that would allow the technique to be conducted without expensive and time-consuming bagging, making CPs on small-flowered eucalypts commercially viable. We compared the current method of isolating inflorescences using exclusion bags to a novel method which uses sodium alginate gel. Sodium alginate was effective in keeping external pollen away from the stigma, since no seed was produced in those treatments that were not manually pollinated but isolated in this way. In addition, flowers hand-pollinated and isolated with sodium alginate produced progeny that were 100% outcrossed with the applied pollen. The exclusion bags, on the other hand, were not as effective in protecting the stigma as seed was produced in those treatments that were isolated with an exclusion bag without being handpollinated. Sodium alginate isolation also increased the efficiency of control-pollinations as the gel was naturally shed, removing the need for operators to return to the tree to remove the isolation material.

A Novel Measurement and Qualification Method of GMAW Welding Fault Based on Digital Signals

2012 ◽  
Vol 472-475 ◽  
pp. 1201-1205
Author(s):  
Sheng Qiang Feng ◽  
Guo Ping Ling ◽  
Bing Ma ◽  
Sheng Sun Hu
Keyword(s):  
Mahalanobis Distance ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Welding Current ◽  
The Other ◽  
Digital Signals ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Gmaw Welding

Online fault non-destructive detection is crucial to the fabrication of high quality products of welds. In this study, a novel method in the field of weld whose name is Mahalanobis Distance Measurement (MDM) is illustrated and employed to determine whether welding faults have occurred or not. This method is based on an arc method which is employed to get the information of welding voltage and welding current. Through analyzing the calculation results of Mahalanobis Distance of the welding voltage and current signals, the important information of welding process has been obtained. At the meanwhile, whether a fault has occurred or not is decided. In order to verify the effect of the performance of the different width of the gap on the results of Mahalanobis Distance, two widths of the gap generated artificially were chosen: one is 2 mm and the other is 3 mm. The results of the experiment have demonstrated that using the thinking of Mahalanobis Distance to measure the weld faults is feasible.

scholarly journals A novel method for the analytical solution of fractional Zakharov–Kuznetsov equations

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasool Shah ◽  
Hassan Khan ◽  
Dumitru Baleanu ◽  
Poom Kumam ◽  
Muhammad Arif
Keyword(s):  
Present Method ◽  
Decomposition Method ◽  
Fractional Derivatives ◽  
Adomian Decomposition Method ◽  
Current Method ◽  
Analytical Technique ◽  
Suggested Technique ◽  
Adomian Decomposition ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
The Given

AbstractIn this article, an efficient analytical technique, called Laplace–Adomian decomposition method, is used to obtain the solution of fractional Zakharov– Kuznetsov equations. The fractional derivatives are described in terms of Caputo sense. The solution of the suggested technique is represented in a series form of Adomian components, which is convergent to the exact solution of the given problems. Furthermore, the results of the present method have shown close relations with the exact approaches of the investigated problems. Illustrative examples are discussed, showing the validity of the current method. The attractive and straightforward procedure of the present method suggests that this method can easily be extended for the solutions of other nonlinear fractional-order partial differential equations.

scholarly journals Development of new total RNA isolation method for tissues with rich phenolic compounds

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 343-350
Author(s):  
Zafer Seçgin ◽  
Gökhan Gökdemir ◽  
Elif Seda Atabay ◽  
Aslıhan Kurt Kızıldoğan ◽  
Musa Kavas
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Rna Sequencing ◽  
Rna Isolation ◽  
Wall Structure ◽  
Isolation Method ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Ctab Method ◽  
Total Rna Isolation

AbstractBackgroundRNAs to be used in transcriptome analysis must be of high quality and pure in order to ensure maximum representation of the expressed genes. RNA isolation is difficult in hazelnut tissues containing large amounts of secondary metabolite, phenolic compounds and the cell wall structure. Commonly used protocols for RNA isolation are those that require a lot of labor and time and also do not allow sufficient RNA isolation when applied to tissues rich in phenolic compounds. This study was aimed to develop an efficient method for isolation of total RNAs from bud of hazelnut to be used in RNA sequencing.Materials and methodsAn optimized new method was successfully applied on three different hazelnuts genotypes (Çakıldak, Palaz, Tombul) and about 25 times higher amount of total RNAs per mg fresh tissues were obtained compared to classical CTAB method. Different methods have been tried for the isolation of RNA from hazelnut tissues and the determination of the quality of the obtained RNAs.ResultsThe quality and quantity of isolalated total RNAs were determined by spectrophotometer, electrophoresis and PCR. This success has been caught without any compromise of purity since A260/A280 ratios ranged from 1.90 to 2.04 and A260/A230 ratios were >2.0 in all purified RNAs.ConclusionThe total RNAs isolated with new protocol was found to be suitable for RNA sequencing and other molecular applications.

scholarly journals Transduction mechanisms of bacteriophage ε15I. General properties of the system

1971 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. W. Hedges
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Recipient Strain ◽  
The Other ◽  
Donor Strain ◽  
General Properties ◽  
Show Evidence ◽  
Transduction Mechanisms ◽  
Defective Prophage

SUMMARYBacteriophageεγis capable of transduction both by replacement of a genetic segment of the recipient by the homologous genetic material from the donor strain and by the formation of defective transducing particles capable of lysogenizing the recipient strain ofS. anatum.The isolation of strains carrying such prophages, which have incorporated the lactose or arabinose operons, is reported. Lysogenic strains, carrying both normal and defective transducing prophage, form high-frequency transducing lysates. Other strains, carrying only defective prophage, show evidence that the association of prophage genes and transduced materials is stable since the loss of one frequently entails loss of the other.

scholarly journals Influence of cutting type and size on rooting of Lavandula dentata L

2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.M. Bona ◽  
I.R. Biasetto ◽  
M. Masetto ◽  
C. Deschamps ◽  
L.A. Biasi
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Vegetative Propagation ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
The Other ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Root Number ◽  
Polystyrene Foam ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Cutting Propagation ◽  
Superior Clones

Even though the Lavandula species may be propagated by seeds, it should not be the preferred propagation method because it causes a great lack of uniformity. On the other hand, asexually propagated lavender crops would provide more homogeneous crops, and clones from high quality plant material would increase the odds for obtaining a higher quality essential oil. However, problems such as poor rooting and restrict market availability for superior clones have been a problem in vegetative propagation of the Lavandula species. The objective of this work was to define which type and size of cutting is more adequate for cutting propagation of L. dentata, a very productive Lavandula species. Cuttings with 5, 8, 10 or 13 cm and from the apical or basal parts of stems cut from L. dentata stock plants were placed in Plantmax HT® filled polystyrene foam trays and kept under intermittent mist system for two months. Averages of root number, length of the longest root, fresh and dry root weight, and percentage of rooting were evaluated. Apical cuttings combined 97.9% rooting with an average of 13.2 roots per cutting and basal cuttings 93.7% rooting with 2.98 roots per cutting. Apical cuttings with at least 10 cm in length were considered the most adequate for cutting propagation of L. dentata.

scholarly journals Strategic Team AI Path Plans: Probabilistic Pathfinding

2008 ◽  
Vol 2008 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tng C. H. John ◽  
Edmond C. Prakash ◽  
Narendra S. Chaudhari
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Genetic Algorithms ◽  
Computer Games ◽  
Fitness Function ◽  
New Method ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Plan Generation ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Games And Simulations

This paper proposes a novel method to generate strategic team AI pathfinding plans for computer games and simulations using probabilistic pathfinding. This method is inspired by genetic algorithms (Russell and Norvig, 2002), in that, a fitness function is used to test the quality of the path plans. The method generates high-quality path plans by eliminating the low-quality ones. The path plans are generated by probabilistic pathfinding, and the elimination is done by a fitness test of the path plans. This path plan generation method has the ability to generate variation or different high-quality paths, which is desired for games to increase replay values. This work is an extension of our earlier work on team AI: probabilistic pathfinding (John et al., 2006). We explore ways to combine probabilistic pathfinding and genetic algorithm to create a new method to generate strategic team AI pathfinding plans.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the performance of three advisory methods for nitrogen fertilization of sugar beet and potatoes.

1989 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.J. Neeteson
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yields ◽  
Current Method ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fertilizer N ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Current Recommendation ◽  
Mineral N ◽  
Fertilizer Recommendation ◽  
The Difference

The performances of 3 different N fertilizer recommendation methods were retrospectively tested with data obtained from 150 trials with sugarbeet and 98 trials with potatoes in the Netherlands in 1973-82. The recommendations consisted of applying a fixed N rate in all situations (126 kg N/ha for sugarbeet and 286 kg N/ha for potatoes), the current Dutch method, which takes only the amount of mineral N present in the soil in early spring into account, and a refinement of the current method, which also takes soil type and recent applications of organic manures into account. On av., significantly lower amounts of fertilizer N were recommended with the current method. The difference from the other methods was on av. 25 kg N/ha for sugarbeet and 30 kg N/ha for potatoes. With the refined current method the highest crop yields were obtained but the difference from the other methods was not significant and averaged only 0.3-0.4 t/ha for sugarbeet and 0.1-0.2 t/ha for potatoes. The recovery of fertilizer N by the potato tubers was 2% higher with the current method than with the other methods. Based on these findings it is concluded that the current recommendation method is preferable to the other methods. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

scholarly journals A novel method of sintering hybrid steels in an improved semiclosed container system

2013 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 379-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Cias
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Structural Steels ◽  
Laboratory Scale ◽  
The Other ◽  
Reduction Reactions ◽  
High Affinity ◽  
Conventional Sintering ◽  
Superior Mechanical Properties ◽  
Novel Method

Conventional sintering techniques for structural steels have been developed principally for Cu and Ni containing alloys. Applying these to Cr and Mn steels (successful products of traditional metallurgy) encounter the problem of the high affinity for oxygen of these elements. A solution is employing a microatmosphere in a semiclosed container which favours reduction reactions. This has already proved successful on a laboratory scale, especially with nitrogen as the furnace gas. Further modifications to the system, now described, include the use of two sintering boxes, one inside the other. Superior mechanical properties, even using air as the furnace gas, are attainable.

scholarly journals RISKS OF THE EDUCATION

THE BULLETIN ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (390) ◽  
pp. 44-49
Author(s):  
R. Aetdinova ◽  
I. Maslova ◽  
Sh. Niyazbekova ◽  
O. Balabanova ◽  
Zh. Zhakiyanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Educational Institution ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Quality Education ◽  
The Other ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Modern World ◽  
High Quality ◽  
High Quality Education ◽  
The One ◽  
The University

The article justifies for the need to identify and to keep track, in practice, of different groups of risks inherent in educational institutions under current conditions of pandemic and post-pandemic transformation of education under the influence of modern world uncertainty. Transformation of education functions in the epoch of digital economy changes the content and types of risks concomitant to the activities carried out by schools. Schools belong to the most conservative types of organizations. However, the environment in which schools operate is constantly changing. An educational institution, as any enterprise, has to engage in the activity aimed at risk management. Manifestation of the risk is, on the one hand, fraught with threats and damage, on the other hand, with opportunities. Assessment of possible threats and risks allows timely projection of undesirable results, creation of a system for situational response to unforeseen circumstances and, in the final analysis, formulation of a strategy for development of the university which would allow achievement of modern high quality education, its fundamentality and conformity to important topical requirements of the personality, society and state. Causes of developing risks characteristic of educational institutions are disclosed. External and internal risks characteristic of educational institutions, sources generating them and the importance of managing them are analyzed. The analysis of risks made reveals multi-varied threats and opportunities in the external and internal envi-ronment of the institution and their ability to have a significant effect on educational, organizational and financial activities of the schools.

scholarly journals Empowering conservation practice with efficient and economical genotyping from poor quality samples

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meghana Natesh ◽  
Ryan W. Taylor ◽  
Nathan Truelove ◽  
Elizabeth A. Hadly ◽  
Stephen Palumbi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Wildlife Trade ◽  
List Type ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Conservation Practice ◽  
Queen Conch ◽  
Close Relatives

AbstractModerate to high density genotyping (100+ SNPs) is widely used to determine and measure individual identity, relatedness, fitness, population structure and migration in wild populations.However, these important tools are difficult to apply when high-quality genetic material is unavailable. Most genomic tools are developed for high quality DNA sources from labor medical settings. As a result, most genetic data from market or field settings is limited to easily amplified mitochondrial DNA or a few microsatellites.To enable genotyping in conservation contexts, we used next-generation sequencing of multiplex PCR products from very low-quality DNA extracted from feces, hair, and cooked samples. We demonstrated utility and wide-ranging potential application in endangered wild tigers and tracking commercial trade in Caribbean queen conch.We genotyped 100 SNPs from degraded tiger samples to identify individuals, discern close relatives, and detect population differentiation. Co-occurring carnivores do not amplify (e.g. Indian wild dog/Dhole) or are monomorphic (e.g. leopard). 62 SNPs from conch fritters and field-collected samples were used to test relatedness and detect population structure.We provide proof-of-concept for a rapid, simple, cost-effective, and scalable method (for both samples and number of loci), a framework that can be applied to other conservation scenarios previously limited by low quality DNA samples. These approaches provide a critical advance for wildlife monitoring and forensics, open the door to field-ready testing, and will strengthen the use of science in policy decisions and wildlife trade.

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