scholarly journals Belarusian Mentality in the Context of Intercultural Communication: Grounds or Pessimism and Optimism

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-53
Author(s):  
Iryna Piniuta
Keyword(s):  
Intercultural Communication ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cultural Barriers ◽  
Intercultural Training ◽  
Postgraduate Students ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
The Usa ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
The Uk

Summary The article is devoted to the consideration of the factors which influence intercultural communication of Belarusians with people who live in the countries bordering Belarus (Russia, Ukraine, Poland, Lithuania and Latvia) and some countries where English is used as the first official language (the UK, the USA, Canada, Australia and Ireland). The objectives of the research were: to compare cultures of people living in Belarus, in the bordering countries and in the English-speaking countries; to describe the characteristics of Belarusian mentality which presumably create cultural barriers; and to determine the factors that facilitate intercultural communication of Belarusians with people under consideration. The research was based on the dimensions of power distance, individualism, masculinity, uncertainty avoidance, long term orientation and indulgence (G. Hofstede). Using these criteria, the characteristics of Belarusian mentality were systematically presented; they include tolerance, collectivism, cautiousness, modesty, restraint, respect for traditions and pragmatism. The reflection of the distinctive features of the Belarusians’ outlook in proverbs and behaviour illustrates the differences which can presumably cause cross-cultural misunderstanding. Also, the factors which promote intercultural communication are highlighted. The results of the research may be used in intercultural training of postgraduate students and in-service specialists in education and business.

scholarly journals Different cultures, similar daydream addiction? An examination of the cross-cultural measurement equivalence of the Maladaptive Daydreaming Scale

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nirit Soffer-Dudek ◽  
Eli Somer ◽  
Hisham M. Abu-Rayya ◽  
Barış Metin ◽  
Adriano Schimmenti
Keyword(s):  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Configural Invariance ◽  
Clinical Community ◽  
The Usa ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
The Cross ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
Maladaptive Daydreaming

AbstractBackground and aimsMaladaptive Daydreaming (MD) is a proposed mental disorder, in which absorption in rich, narrative fantasy becomes addictive and compulsive, resulting in emotional, social, vocational, or academic dysfunction. Most studies on MD were carried out on aggregated international samples, using translated versions of the Maladaptive Daydreaming Scale (MDS-16). However, it is unknown whether the properties of MD are affected by culture. Thus, we investigated the cross-cultural measurement invariance of the MDS-16.MethodsWe recruited both individuals self-identified as suffering from MD and non-clinical community participants from four countries: the USA, Italy, Turkey, and the UK (N = 1,081).ResultsConfigural invariance was shown, suggesting that the hypothesized four-factor structure of the MDS-16 (including Yearning, Impairment, Kinesthesia, and Music) holds across cultures. Metric invariance was shown for Impairment, Kinesthesia, and Music, but not for Yearning, suggesting that the psychological meaning of the latter factor may be understood differently across cultures. Scalar invariance was not found, as MD levels were higher in the USA and UK, probably due to the over-representation of English-speaking members of MD communities, who volunteered for the study.Discussion and conclusionsWe conclude that the urge to be absorbed in daydreaming and the fantasies’ comforting and addictive properties may have different meanings across countries, but the interference of MD to one’s daily life and its obstruction of long-term goals may be the central defining factor of MD.

scholarly journals New trends in cross-cultural research and publication activity of scientists: International scientific interdisciplinary conference “Functional aspects of intercultural communication. Translation and interpreting issues”, November 2020

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 109-112
Author(s):  
V. L. Malakhova
Keyword(s):  
Intercultural Communication ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Publication Activity ◽  
Cultural Discourse ◽  
Cultural Research ◽  
Functional Aspects ◽  
Cross Cultural Research ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Uk

This paper gives a brief summary of the work of the 7 th International Scientific Interdisciplinary Conference on Research and Methodology “Functional Aspects of Intercultural Communication. Translation and Interpreting Issues” held by RUDN University on November 20, 2020. Representatives of different countries took part in the conference: Russia, the UK, the USA, Germany, Belgium, Sweden, Spain, Paraguay, and Tunisia. The conference aims to reveal the diversity of functional aspects of intercultural communication within the process of world education integration, focusing on translation and interpreting issues in today’s society. The theoretical and applied problems raised at the conference are pressing and relevant to the study of modern professional cross-cultural discourse.

scholarly journals Digital curation: the development of a discipline within information science

2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (6) ◽  
pp. 1318-1338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Higgins
Keyword(s):  
Information Science ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Digital Information ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Digital Curation ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Financial Ecology

Purpose Digital curation addresses the technical, administrative and financial ecology required to ensure that digital information remains accessible and usable over the long term. The purpose of this paper is to trace digital curation’s disciplinary emergence and examine its position within the information sciences domain in terms of theoretical principles, using a case study of developments in the UK and the USA. Design/methodology/approach Theoretical principles regarding disciplinary development and the identity of information science as a discipline are applied to a case study of the development of digital curation in the UK and the USA to identify the maturity of digital curation and its position in the information science gamut. Findings Digital curation is identified as a mature discipline which is a sub-meta-discipline of information science. As such digital curation has reach across all disciplines and sub-disciplines of information science and has the potential to become the overarching paradigm. Practical implications These findings could influence digital curation’s development from applied discipline to profession within both its educational and professional domains. Originality/value The disciplinary development of digital curation within dominant theoretical models has not hitherto been articulated.

scholarly journals Forecasting of COVID-19 Reproduction Number by ARIMA Methodology and Quantile Estimation based on Best Fit Distribution by L- moments for Top-10 Affected Countries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Waqas ◽  
Songhua Xu ◽  
Linyun Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Reproduction Number ◽  
Quantile Estimation ◽  
The Usa ◽  
L Moments ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Long Term Forecasting ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Health Experts

Abstract We utilized the average weekly estimated reproduction number data of COVID-19 from March (2020–2021). By applying ARIMA and L-moments methodology, short-and-long-term forecasting of R0 is made for Govt. officials and public health experts to take before-time policy measures to control the spread of novel coronavirus. This study helps medical staff to measure the expected demand of COVID-19 vaccine doses. We applied various ARIMA models on each country’s data and the best selected based on RMSE, AIC, and BIC for point and interval forecasting. Application L-Moments techniques selected GLO, GEV, and GNO distributions and quantile estimation with return period calculations. The forecasting shows that maximum countries mean R0 > 1, which is still a serious threat and can lead to heath disaster. The forecasting provided an alarming situation in the coming months for India, France, Turkey, and Spain; health experts should take strict measures because the cases rise due to the high R0 forecast. The USA, Russia, and the UK mean R0 will not suddenly increase; these countries consistent in COVID-19 R0 control. We find that even the significant population differences prevail among selected countries, the R0 is still high in maximum countries, so its a dire need to take strict control actions to minimize the R0 for public safety.

Rhabdomyosarcoma of the trachea: first reported case treated with proton beam therapy

2012 ◽  
Vol 126 (9) ◽  
pp. 966-969 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Exley ◽  
J M Bernstein ◽  
B Brennan ◽  
M P Rothera
Keyword(s):  
Proton Beam ◽  
World Literature ◽  
Proton Beam Therapy ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Conventional Radiotherapy ◽  
The Usa ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Uk

AbstractObjective:We report a case of rhabdomyosarcoma of the trachea in a 14-month-old child, and we present the first reported use of proton beam therapy for this tumour.Case report:A 14-month-old girl presented acutely with a seven-day history of biphasic stridor. Emergency endoscopic debulking of a posterior tracheal mass was undertaken. Histological examination revealed an embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma with anaplasia. Multimodality therapy with surgery and chemotherapy was administered in the UK, and proton beam therapy in the USA.Conclusion:Only three cases of rhabdomyosarcoma of the trachea have previously been reported in the world literature. This is the first reported case of treatment of this tumour with proton beam therapy. Compared with conventional radiotherapy, proton beam therapy may confer improved long-term outcome in children, with benefits including reduced irradiation of the spinal cord.

scholarly journals How to Cope with Working in an Open-space Lab?

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 679-687
Author(s):  
Marco Pautasso ◽  
Wopke Van Der Werf
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Cultural Relevance ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Limited Attention ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Research Environments ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Uk

Open-space labs and research environments are increasingly common worldwide. They are supposed to facilitate interactions among researchers, but can be disruptive to those who need to be in a quiet environment in order to concentrate. This problem is increasingly felt across the natural, medical and social sciences, has a clear interdisciplinary and cross-cultural relevance, but has been the focus of limited attention. We propose some simple suggestions for researchers struggling in an open-space lab, based on a literature review and our experience in open spaces in various labs and countries (Australia, China, France, Italy, the Netherlands, Switzerland, the UK and the USA) as undergrads, PhD students, postdocs, researchers and (W. van der Werf) professors. Our aim is to help researchers working in open-space offices and labs with some straightforward solutions that will make their lives and work easier.

scholarly journals Glimpses of semantic restructuring of English emotion-laden words of American English L1 users residing outside the USA

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 320-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Marc Dewaele
Keyword(s):  
Exploratory Study ◽  
American English ◽  
Statistical Analyses ◽  
The Self ◽  
Semantic Representations ◽  
Frequency Of Use ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
The Usa ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
The Uk

Abstract The present exploratory study focuses on the effect of living outside the USA on the understanding of the meaning, the perceived offensiveness and the self-reported frequency of use of four English emotion-laden words of British origin and four English emotion-laden words of American origin among 556 first (L1) users of American English. Statistical analyses revealed that the scores of the Americans living in the UK or in non-English-speaking countries differed significantly from those of compatriots living in the USA. Positive relationships emerged between multilingualism and scores on the dependent variables for the four British words, but no link emerged between languages known and the dependent variables for the American words. This is interpreted as an indication that semantic representations of emotion-laden words originating from another variety of the L1 are relatively weaker and are more likely to shift as a result of exposure to their use in other varieties, and the knowledge of other languages.

Comparative Attributes of Effective Health Services Managers and Definitions of Organizational Effectiveness in Australia, the UK and the USA

1996 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Boldy ◽  
S. Jain ◽  
G. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Organizational Effectiveness ◽  
Management Skills ◽  
Political Skills ◽  
The Usa ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Country Differences ◽  
Perceived Relevance ◽  
The Uk

This paper explores and contrasts the perceptions of 855, mainly health services managers and 1452 students from three major English-speaking countries regarding the attributes needed for becoming effective managers in their country. Also addressed are country differences and similarities in the perceived relevance of particular indicators of organizational effectiveness. Despite Australia's British heritage, respondents from this country were found to be more similar to those from the USA, than those from the UK, in their views regarding the attributes of effective managers. Australian and American respondents rated ‘nurturing’ personality skills relatively highly, as they did ‘classical’ management skills. UK respondents rated ‘classical’ management skills as more important than ‘political’ skills.

The New Cambridge Economic Policy: A Critique of its Prescriptions

1982 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Minford
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
International Trade ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Recent Occurrence ◽  
The Uk

THE NEW CAMBRIDGE OR CAMBRIDGE ECONOMIC POLICY GROUP, (CEPG) School led by Professor Wynne Godley has received considerable attention in this country. Its policy prescriptions however are international as well as national. It is well known that it calls at regular intervals for comprehensive long-term import controls and reflation in the UK. It is less well known, and indeed a more recent occurrence, that it calls for ‘co-ordinated’ international trade - i.e. import controls for each country administered centrally by some body such as the OECD - and reflation. As protectionist pressures continue to grow throughout Europe and in the USA, the appeal of New Cambridge analysis may grow with it. We should therefore be aware of the nature of the arguments which it deploys in the attempt to make protection respectable.

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