scholarly journals Profiling Suspensions in Natural Water by a Simplified Dynamic Light Scattering Procedure and Sedimentation

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Dan Chicea ◽  
Liana-Maria Chicea
Keyword(s):  
Light Scattering ◽  
Dynamic Light Scattering ◽  
Natural Water ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Coherent Light ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Dominant Type ◽  
Scattering Experiment ◽  
Water Suspensions

Abstract A coherent light scattering experiment was carried out. The samples were aqueous natural water suspensions picked from the same river. While sedimentation occurred in the samples, they were subjected to a dynamic light scattering (DLS) experiment and the time series was recorded at certain time intervals. For each recording, a program written for this purpose, performing at least square minimisation, computed the average diameter of the particles in suspension. The variation of the average diameter in time indicates the dominant type of suspensions in water.

scholarly journals Using Dynamic Light Scattering for Monitoring the Size of the Suspended Particles in Wastewater

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Chicea ◽  
Silviu Mihai Rei
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Light Scattering ◽  
Dynamic Light Scattering ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Processing Plant ◽  
Coherent Light ◽  
Dominant Type ◽  
Scattering Experiment ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Wastewater Samples

Abstract A coherent light scattering experiment on wastewater samples extracted from several stages of water processing within a wastewater processing plant was carried out. The samples were allowed to sediment while they were the subject of a Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) measurement. The recorded time series were processed using an Artificial Neural Network based DLS procedure to produce the average diameter of the particles in suspension. The method, using a single physical procedure for monitoring the variation of the average diameter in time, indicates the dominant type of suspensions in water.

Sequential Extraction of Late Exponentials (SELE): A technique for deconvolving multimodal correlation curves in Dynamic Light Scattering

MRS Advances ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (17) ◽  
pp. 865-880 ◽  
Author(s):  
Preethi L Chandran
Keyword(s):  
Light Scattering ◽  
Dynamic Light Scattering ◽  
Sequential Extraction ◽  
Time Scales ◽  
Scattered Light ◽  
Correlation Spectroscopy ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Multiple Time Scales ◽  
Multiple Time ◽  
Correlation Curve

Abstract:In techniques such as Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy, and image mining, motion is tracked by the autocorrelation of a signal over logarithmic time scales. For instance the tracking signal in DLS is the scattered light intensity; it remains correlated at time scales where scant changes in the arrangement of the scattering particles occur, but decays exponentially at the time scales of their diffusion. When there are multiple time scales of motion (for instance due to scatterers of different sizes), the correlation curve has more than one exponential fall. Extracting the decay constants or hydrodynamic sizes due to each exponential fall in a multi-species field correlation curve becomes an ill-conditioned mathematical problem. We describe a new algorithm to invert a multi-modal correlation curve by Sequential Extraction of the Late Exponentials (SELE). The idea is that while the inversion of a multi-exponential equation may be ill posed, that of a single exponential is not. So we fit data windows towards to base of the correlation curve to extract the largest contribution species, remove the species contribution from the correlation curve, and repeat the process with the remnant curve. The single exponent can be robustly fitted by least-square minimization with initial guesses generated by an adapted cumutant technique (power-series) that includes stretch coefficients (measure of sample dispersity). The proposed algorithm resolves particle sizes separated by 3X, and is reliable against fluctuations in the correlation curve and to localized regions of suboptimal data. The algorithm can be used to track particle dynamics in solution in multi-species problems such as self-assembly.

scholarly journals An Advanced Sensor for Particles in Gases Using Dynamic Light Scattering in Air as Solvent

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (15) ◽  
pp. 5115
Author(s):  
Dan Chicea ◽  
Cristian Leca ◽  
Sorin Olaru ◽  
Liana Maria Chicea
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Light Scattering ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Dynamic Light Scattering ◽  
Scattered Light ◽  
Experimental Setup ◽  
Scattering Experiment ◽  
Processing Procedure ◽  
Average Size ◽  
Data Processing Procedure

Dynamic Light Scattering is a technique currently used to assess the particle size and size distribution by processing the scattered light intensity. Typically, the particles to be investigated are suspended in a liquid solvent. An analysis of the particular conditions required to perform a light scattering experiment on particles in air is presented in detail, together with a simple experimental setup and the data processing procedure. The results reveal that such an experiment is possible and using the setup and the procedure, both simplified to extreme, enables the design of an advanced sensor for particles and fumes that can output the average size of the particles in air.

Amphiphilicity of a lignin-carbohydrate complex

Holzforschung ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 659-664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasumitsu Uraki ◽  
Yuriko Usukura ◽  
Takao Kishimoto ◽  
Makoto Ubukata
Keyword(s):  
Light Scattering ◽  
Dynamic Light Scattering ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Surface Pressure ◽  
Water Surface ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Small Particles ◽  
Milled Wood Lignin ◽  
Lignin Extraction ◽  
Carbohydrate Complex

Abstract A lignin-carbohydrate complex (LCC) fraction isolated from the residue of milled wood lignin extraction of birch was found to form self-aggregates in water. The aggregates had relatively strong hydrophobic domains, comparable to the hydrophobicity of 80% ethanol. Dynamic light scattering analysis showed that the aggregates were transformed into small particles by sonication with a number-average diameter of 43.7±9.6 nm, and were stable in water. The surface pressure (π)-surface area (A) profile showed that the LCC also formed a monolayer on the water surface. Based on these results, we suggest that the LCC is amphiphilic in nature, despite its insolubility in low-polarity organic solvents.

scholarly journals Dynamic Light Scattering Signal Conditioning for Data Processing

2017 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-135
Author(s):  
Silviu Rei ◽  
Dan Chicea ◽  
Beriliu Ilie ◽  
Sorin Olaru
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Light Scattering ◽  
Dynamic Light Scattering ◽  
Data Processing ◽  
Electrical Signal ◽  
Signal Conditioning ◽  
Scattering Experiment ◽  
Logical Unit ◽  
Scattering Signal ◽  
Digital Time

Abstract When performing data acquisition for a Dynamic Light Scattering experiment, one of the most important aspect is the filtering and conditioning of the electrical signal. The signal is amplified first and then fed as input for the analog digital convertor. As a result a digital time series is obtained. The frequency spectrum is computed by the logical unit offering the basis for further Dynamic Light Scattering analysis methods. This paper presents a simple setup that can accomplish the signal conditioning and conversion to a digital time series.

scholarly journals Coprecipitation Method of Synthesis, Characterization, and Cytotoxicity of Pr3+:LaF3 (CPr = 3, 7, 12, 20, 30%) Nanoparticles

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maksim S. Pudovkin ◽  
Pavel V. Zelenikhin ◽  
Victoria Shtyreva ◽  
Oleg A. Morozov ◽  
Darya A. Koryakovtseva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Light Scattering ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Dynamic Light Scattering ◽  
Hydrodynamic Radius ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron

The Pr3+:LaF3 (CPr = 3, 7, 12, 20, 30%) nanoparticles were characterized by means of high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, optical spectroscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, and MTT assay. It was revealed that the average diameter of all the NPs is around 14–18 nm. The hydrodynamic radius of the Pr3+:LaF3 (CPr = 7%) nanoparticles strongly depends on the medium. It was revealed that hydrodynamic radii of the Pr3+:LaF3 (CPr = 7%) nanoparticles in water, DMEM, and RPMI-1640 biological mediums were 18 ± 5, 41 ± 6, and 186 ± 8 nm, respectively. The Pr3+:LaF3 (CPr = 7%) nanoparticles were nontoxic at micromolar concentrations toward COLO-320 cell line. The lifetime curves were fitted biexponentially, and for the Pr3+:LaF3 (CPr = 7%) NPs, the luminescence lifetimes of Pr3+ ions were 480 ± 2 and 53 ± 5 nanosec.

The Influence of Heating and Photosensitization on the Stability of Lutein- Loaded Lipid-Core Nanocapsules

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 1340-1345
Author(s):  
Aelson A.S. Brum ◽  
Médelin M. da Silva ◽  
Priscilla P. dos Santos ◽  
Allana V.S. Brasil ◽  
Karina Paese ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Light Scattering ◽  
Dynamic Light Scattering ◽  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Singlet Oxygen ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Entrapment Efficiency ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Lipid Core ◽  
The Stability

Background: Despite lutein is unstable in light, heat, and oxygen, it is a good quencher of singlet oxygen. The present study evaluated the stability of lutein (92% of purity) in Lipid-core Nanocapsules (Lutein-LNC) prepared through interfacial deposition of preformed polymer, during photosensitization (5-25°C) and heating (70-90°C). Methods: The Lutein-LNC was characterized and presented a polydispersity index of 0.11, an average diameter of 191 nm (dynamic light scattering), zeta potential of -9.14 mV and entrapment efficiency of 100%. Results and Discussion: During photosensitization and heating, Lutein-LNC exhibited activation Energy (Ea) of 24.67 kcal/mol and 9.96 kcal/mol, respectively, and these values of Lutein-LNC were higher than free lutein values, reported in other studies for both experiments. Conclusion: The results obtained in this study suggested that nanotechnology can improve the stability of lutein for future applications in the food industry.

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