Phenolic Compounds as a Tool of Bioindication for Novel Forest Decline at Numerous Spruce Tree Sites in Germany

1996 ◽  
Vol 51 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 53-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine M. Richter ◽  
Ulrich Eis ◽  
Aloysius Wild
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Forest Decline ◽  
Metabolic State ◽  
Tree Damage ◽  
Eastern Germany ◽  
Spruce Needles ◽  
Needle Loss

Abstract Within a project that applied biochemical criteria to the diagnosis of damage to Norway spruce, 43 sites in western and eastern Germany showing only moderate tree damage were screened for the amounts of methanol soluble phenolic compounds in spruce needles. The concentrations of most of the main compounds-especially catechin-positively correlated with needle loss and the altitude of the site. It was also found that it is necessary to differenti­ate between trees younger and older than 60 years of age. The correlations between the increase of the phenolic compounds studied and the needle loss or the damage class are stronger in the younger trees, possibly implicating differences in metabolic state or distur­bances in protectective mechanisms in the older trees.

scholarly journals Phenolic Compounds in Needles of Norway Spruce Trees in Relation to Novel Forest Decline. II. Studies on Trees from Two Sites in Middle Western Germany

1994 ◽  
Vol 49 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 619-627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine M. Richter ◽  
Aloysius Wild
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Picea Abies ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Forest Decline ◽  
Research Programme ◽  
Severe Damage ◽  
Tree Damage ◽  
Western Germany ◽  
Spruce Needles

Abstract The content of several phenolic compounds in needles of 20- to 30-year-old Norway spruce trees (Picea abies) was measured using HPLC. The results of two forestry sites in middle western Germany are reported in this paper. They are part of a research programme on novel forest decline which was carried out in various regions of Germany. Distinct amounts of picein, catechin, piceatannol glucoside, and other phenolic compounds were detected in the studied spruce needles. Additionally, their contents changed in relation to damage. Some compounds, especially catechin, showed increased levels in the needles of the damaged trees compared to the undamaged ones. Here, the values for the undamaged trees of the different sites were similar. Concerning the changes in picein contents, however, there was a great difference between the sites. p-Hydroxyacetophenone was detected in very low amounts only and did not correlate with damage.These results are compared with earlier findings from another site that shows severe damage. The role of phenolic compounds as indicators of tree damage is discussed.

Short-term pigment changes in Norway spruce needles

1981 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. D. B. Hawkins ◽  
G. R. Lister ◽  
R. P. Fink ◽  
W. E. Vidaver
Keyword(s):  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Spruce Needles

scholarly journals Amounts of carbon mineralised and leached as DOC during decomposition of Norway spruce needles and fine roots

2010 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karna Hansson ◽  
Dan Berggren Kleja ◽  
Karsten Kalbitz ◽  
Hanna Larsson
Keyword(s):  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Fine Roots ◽  
Spruce Needles

Photosynthetic capacity, chloroplast pigments, and mineral content of the previous year's spruce needles with and without the new flush: analysis of the forest-decline phenomenon of needle bleaching

Oecologia ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. L. Lange ◽  
H. Zellner ◽  
J. Gebel ◽  
P. Schramel ◽  
B. K�stner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Decline ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Photosynthetic Capacity ◽  
Chloroplast Pigments ◽  
Spruce Needles

Ring Width Patterns of Douglas Fir in Relation to Crown Vitality and Age

IAWA Journal ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid de Kort ◽  
Pieter Baas
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Forest Decline ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Age Classes ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Needle Loss

Ring width patterns often different stands, five vitality classes and three age-classes are used to explore the effect of the decline in vitality on radial growth of Douglas fir in the Netherlands and to determine the onset of this decline. A relationship between growth performance and crown vitality is found in most stands, although the variation within and between stands is large. Severe needle loss leads to serious decline in ring width. The onset of the decline varies from c. 1959 to 1976. The present data set does not enable a choice between the various causal scenarios of forest decline that have been proposed in the literature.

Single and Combined Effects of Continuous and Discontinuous O3and SO2Immission on Norway Spruce Needles: II. Metabolic Changes

1988 ◽  
Vol 32 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 213-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. G. Kicinski ◽  
A. Kettrup ◽  
K. S. Boos ◽  
G. Masuch
Keyword(s):  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Metabolic Changes ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Spruce Needles

scholarly journals Combined Effect of Altitude, Season and Light on the Accumulation of Extractable Terpenes in Norway Spruce Needles

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1737
Author(s):  
Kristýna Večeřová ◽  
Karel Klem ◽  
Barbora Veselá ◽  
Petr Holub ◽  
John Grace ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Adult Trees ◽  
Canopy Position ◽  
Germacrene D ◽  
Spruce Needles ◽  
Evergreen Conifers

Plants produce specific terpenes, secondary metabolites conferring tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Our study aims to investigate the effects of altitude, light intensity and season on contents of mono- and sesquiterpenes in needles of coniferous Norway spruce (Picea abies). Needles of current shoots representing upper and lower canopy were collected from adult trees growing along an altitudinal gradient (400–1100 m a.s.l.) in summer and autumn. After the extraction in cold heptane, the content of extractable terpenes was determined by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Our results show that the total content of terpenes decreases with increasing altitude regardless of canopy position and season. Needles of the upper canopy have a higher total content of terpenes than lower canopy needles, but this difference decreases with increasing altitude in summer. Total content of extractable terpenes increases in autumn when compared to summer particularly in upper canopy needles of trees from high altitudes. Limonene, camphene, α-pinene and myrcene are the most abundant monoterpenes in spruce needles forming up to 85% of total monoterpenes, while germacrene D-4-ol is the most abundant sesquiterpene. Altitude, canopy position and season have a significant interactive effect on most monoterpenes, but not on sesquiterpenes. Terpenoid biosynthesis is thus tightly linked to growth conditions and likely plays a crucial role in the constitution of stress tolerance in evergreen conifers.

scholarly journals Changes in the nutrition and health status of young Norway spruce stands in the Krkonoše Mts. in a 17-year period

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (No. 8) ◽  
pp. 344-354
Author(s):  
Novotný Radek ◽  
Lomský Bohumír ◽  
Šrámek Vít
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Height Increment ◽  
Forest Stands ◽  
Future Health ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
N Nutrition ◽  
Spruce Stands ◽  
Spruce Needles

For 17 Norway spruce stands located in the Krkonoše Mts. in the Czech Republic a long-term assessment of defoliation, height increment, foliage concentration of nutrients (N, P, Ca, K, Mg) and stress elements (S, F) was carried out. The results show a decrease of defoliation and a slight increase of height increment, which occur in accordance with the decreasing concentration of sulphur in spruce needles. However, neither sulphur concentration nor height increment trends are significant, suggesting that both the main pollution abatement and the growth resumption took place already in the 1990’s. During the late 1990’s the average spruce defoliation was greater than 35%, while since 2007 it has fluctuated between 18 and 25%, which corresponds with the figures for the forest stands located in the other regions of the Czech Republic. The evaluation of single nutrient concentrations detected occasional deficiencies of P and Mg at individual plots. The good N nutrition (&gt; 15 mg N·g<sup>–1</sup>) in combination with a significantly decreasing trend of P, K and Ca concentrations in Norway spruce needles may potentially constitute a problem in regard to both the future health and the stability of forest stands in the studied region.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document