scholarly journals Analysis of Genetic Diversity among Selected Grasspea (Lathyrus sativus L.) Genotypes Using RAPD Markers

2007 ◽  
Vol 62 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 869-874 ◽  
Author(s):  
Durga P. Barik ◽  
Laxmikanta Acharya ◽  
Arup K. Mukherjee ◽  
Pradeep K. Chand
Keyword(s):  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Dna Amplification ◽  
The Other ◽  
Randomly Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Similar Morphology ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Lathyrus Sativus L

Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique was applied to assess the genetic variability among five selected genotypes of grasspea. Out of 30 random decamer primers tested for the present investigation 20 showed reproducible DNA amplification. A total of 257 loci were amplified of which 159 were polymorphic including 57 genotype-specific unique bands. Amplicons had molecular weights ranging from 3.0 kb to 0.1 kb. Majority amplicons were shared by most of the genotypes which indicated a very narrow genetic gap between them. The dendrogram constructed on the basis of RAPD data showed two clusters. The local genotype collected from Nayagarh was grouped along with IC-120451 and IC-120453, sharing a common node at an 82% similarity level. The other genotypes, IC-120478 and IC-120487, were located in the second clade having a common node at 84% similarity level. The investigation showed that though all the genotypes of grasspea were of apparently similar morphology there exists polymorphism at the molecular level, which can be exploited in breeding programmes aimed at crop improvement.

Assessment of genetic variability among selected species of Apocynaceae

Biologia ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tariq Mahmood ◽  
Anna Iqbal ◽  
Nazia Nazar ◽  
Ishrat Naveed ◽  
Bilal Abbasi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Catharanthus Roseus ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Randomly Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Alstonia Scholaris ◽  
Thevetia Peruviana

AbstractFamily Apocynaceae is an economically important family grown as ornamental plants and many wild species have medicinal uses as well. The aim of the present study was to understand the level and pattern of genetic variability among the selected individuals of Apocynaceae. For this purpose, three species of different genera of Apocynaceae, Thevetia peruviana, Alstonia scholaris and Catharanthus roseus, were collected from Rawalpindi and Quaid-i-Azam University forest, Islamabad. To evaluate the level of polymorphism within the species and members of different species, randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used. A series of OPC RAPD primers were used; only six primers of OPC series gave amplification. Highest genetic variation at interspecific and intraspecific levels was shown by OPC 9 and the lowest polymorphism was observed in OPC 4. The data was analyzed by using software Statistica 5.5. In total 105 monomorphic and 272 polymorphic bands were produced from all primers. Therefore, out of 322 amplified products, 26% were monomorphic and 68% were polymorphic. Low genetic diversification was observed both at intraspecific and interspecific level. At the molecular level Alstonia scholaris and Catharanthus roseus (subfamily Plumerioideae) appeared in a group and Thevetia peruviana (subfamily Rauvolfoideae) formed another group, confirming the classification based on morphological characters.

scholarly journals Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA Analysis in the Genus Hosta

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 1243-1245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger J. Sauve ◽  
Suping Zhou ◽  
Yingchun Yu ◽  
Wolfram George Schmid
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Dna Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Randomly Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Genetic Traits ◽  
Phylogenetic Clustering ◽  
Single Primer ◽  
Cluster 2

A randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique was used to identify and determine the phylogenetic relationships of 37 hosta accessions representing the major subgenera, sections and groups in the genus Hosta. Results of this study show that RAPD markers were able to differentiate not only the main groups, whose plants shared many genetic traits, but also cultivars within a species. Some accessions were identified by a single primer while others had high intercross linkage and required many markers for their separation. The phylogenetic clustering showed that H. plantaginea, the only night-blooming species, and H. ventricosa, the only known natural tetraploid, are unique and should be classified separately. The four species in the subgenus Bryocles, section Lamellatae H. venusta, H. minor, H. capitata, and H. nakaiana have very low genetic similarity since they do not share many amplified fragments. The other accessions were classified into four main clusters; cluster 1: H. venusta, H. tardiva, H. pycnophylla, H. tsushimensis `Ogon', H. montana, H. tibae, H. montana f. macrophylla, H. kikutii `Kikutii', H. longissima `Longifolia', H. rectifolia `Rectifolia', H. takahashii and H.`Undulata'; cluster 2: H. laevigata, H. sieboldiana, H. pycnophylla × H. longipes f. latifolia, H. longipes `Urajiro' and H. ibukiensis; cluster 3: H. capitata, H. kikutii `Polyneuron', H. nigrescens, H. kikutii `Yakusimensis', H. pachyscapa, H. kikutii `Caput-Avis', H. longipes f. latifolia, H. hypoleuca, H. okamotoi, H. densa and H. takiensis; and cluster 4: H. aequinoctiiantha, H. rupifraga, H. `Amanuma', H. minor and H. kikutii `Densa'.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity among Witchhazel Cultivars Based on Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA Markers

1997 ◽  
Vol 122 (4) ◽  
pp. 529-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert D. Marquard ◽  
Eric P. Davis ◽  
Emily L. Stowe
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
North American ◽  
Dna Markers ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
North American Species ◽  
The Other ◽  
Randomly Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
The North ◽  
Sib Families

Forty selections, including 37 cultivars of Hamamelis spp., were evaluated for genetic similarities using randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Cluster analysis identified seven groups, which included three groups of H. ×intermedia cultivars, two groups of H. vernalis, and one group each of H. mollis and H. japonica. Three H. ×intermedia cultivars, `Arnold Promise', `Westerstede', and `Carmine Red', did not group closely with the other 20 cultivars of H. ×intermedia. Selections of the North American species H. vernalis were quite distinct from the Asiatic selections. However, data are presented that suggest hybridization exist between Asiatic Hamamelis spp. and H. vernalis. Genetic similarities between known half-sib families provides evidence that the cultivar pairs `Arnold Promise'—`Winter Beauty' and `Carmine Red'—`Hiltingbury' are, themselves, not likely half-sibs.

scholarly journals Identification of Poinsettia Cultivars Using RAPD Markers

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing-Tian Ling ◽  
Roger Sauve ◽  
Nick Gawel
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
The Other ◽  
Euphorbia Pulcherrima ◽  
Randomly Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Upgma Cluster Analysis ◽  
Leaf Tissues ◽  
Components Analysis

Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) techniques were used to compare the DNA from leaf tissues of nine commercial poinsettia (Euphorbia pulcherrima Wild ex Klotzsch) cultivars. Amplification occurred in 57 out of 60 (95%) tested primers. Nine primers that revealed polymorphisms among cultivars were selected for further evaluation. Forty-eight RAPD bands were scored from these primers, and 33 (69%) were polymorphic. All tested cultivars could be discriminated with seven bands generated from primers OPB7 and OPC13. Results of a UPGMA cluster analysis and principal components analysis placed the nine cultivars into two groups: one group consisted of `Jingle Bells', `Supjibi', and `V-17 Angelika', the other of `V-14 Glory', `Red Sails', `Jolly Red', and `Freedom'. `Lilo Red' and `Pink Peppermint' belonged to the latter group, but were relatively distant from other cultivars in that group. These results indicate that RAPDs are efficient for identification of poinsettia cultivars and for determination of the genetic relationships among cultivars.

scholarly journals Interspecific Hybridization in Clethra

HortScience ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 393-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra M. Reed ◽  
Younghee Joung ◽  
Mark Roh
Keyword(s):  
Interspecific Hybridization ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
The Other ◽  
Hybrid Origin ◽  
Neighbor Joining ◽  
Randomly Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Maternal Parent ◽  
Paternal Parent ◽  
Cold Hardy ◽  
Ornamental Species

The genus Clethra contains many ornamental species, of which the most adaptable and cold hardy is C. alnifolia L. The objective of this study was to obtain hybrids between C. alnifolia and three other ornamental Clethra species, C. acuminata Michx., C. fargesii Franch., and C. pringlei S. Wats. Viable plants were obtained from reciprocal crosses between C. alnifolia and C. fargesii, and from crosses between C. alnifolia and the other two species when C. alnifolia was used as the maternal parent. Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used to verify hybridity and to compare hybrids to their parents. In all cases, the hybrids had more RAPD markers in common with C. alnifolia than with their other parent. Close clustering by neighbor-joining analysis of RAPD markers and the morphological resemblance of C. alnifolia × C. acuminata and C. fargesii × C. alnifolia plants to their paternal parent indicated that these plants were of hybrid origin. The C. alnifolia × C. pringlei plants resembled C. alnifolia in many respects, but they stayed green much later in the year than did C. alnifolia with leaves remaining on the plants throughout the winter. These foliage characteristics were presumed to reflect the contribution of the evergreen C. pringlei, and thus were regarded as evidence of hybridity.

scholarly journals OSMOTIC PRESSURE STUDY OF PROTEIN FRACTIONS IN NORMAL AND IN NEPHROTIC SUBJECTS

1939 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 819-831 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaques Bourdillon
Keyword(s):  
Osmotic Pressure ◽  
Normal Serum ◽  
The Other ◽  
Protein Fractions ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Normal Albumin

In serum of patients with nephrosis both albumin and globulin showed by osmotic pressure nearly double the molecular weights of normal albumin and globulin. In the urines of such patients, on the other hand, both proteins showed molecular weights lower even than in normal serum. The colloidal osmotic pressures were measured by the author's method at such dilutions that the van't Hoff law relating pressures to molecular concentrations could be directly applied. For the albumin and globulin of normal serum the molecular weights found were 72,000 and 164,000 respectively, in agreement with the weights obtained by other methods.

Immune responses of Texel sheep to excretory/secretory products of adult Haemonchus contortus

Parasitology ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 108 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. D. F. H. Schallig ◽  
M. A. W. van Leeuwen ◽  
W. M. L. Hendrikx
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Lymphocyte Proliferation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Proliferation Index ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Immunoblotting Analysis ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Secretory Products

SUMMARYThe excretory/secretory (E/S) products of adult Haemonchus contortus comprise of at least 15 polypeptides with molecular weights ranging from 10 to > 100 kDa. These E/S products induce an immune response in infected Texel sheep, as demonstrated by specific IgGI levels and a significant lymphocyte proliferation index. Moreover, immunoblotting analysis revealed that sera of primary H. contortus-infected sheep specifically recognize a 24 kDa E/S product. In addition, sera of challenged sheep react strongly with a 15 kDa E/S product. The other E/S products of H. contortus showed immunoreactivity with serum samples of Haemonchus-infected sheep as well as with samples of sheep harbouring other trichostrongylid infections. These cross-reacting epitopes are the main cause of the lack of specificity of an E/S material- based ELISA. This ELISA can differentiate Haemonchus infections from Nematodirus battus infections, but not from Ostertagia circumcincta or Trichostrongylus colubriformis infections.

Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA linkage relationships in different Norway spruce populations

2001 ◽  
Vol 31 (8) ◽  
pp. 1456-1461
Author(s):  
M Troggio ◽  
T L Kubisiak ◽  
G Bucci ◽  
P Menozzi
Keyword(s):  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Rapd Marker ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Italian Population ◽  
Randomly Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Linkage Groups ◽  
Consensus Map ◽  
Norwegian Population ◽  
Marker Loci ◽  
Linkage Relationships

We tested the constancy of linkage relationships of randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) marker loci used to construct a population-based consensus map in material from an Italian stand of Picea abies (L.) Karst. in 29 individuals from three Norwegian populations. Thirteen marker loci linked in the Italian stand did show a consistent locus ordering in the Norwegian population. The remaining 16 unlinked marker loci were spread over different linkage groups and (or) too far apart both in the population map and in this study. The limited validity of RAPD markers as genomic "hallmarks" resilient across populations is discussed. We also investigated the reliability of RAPD markers; only 58% of the RAPD markers previously used to construct the consensus map in the Italian population were repeatable in the same material. Of the repeatable ones 76.3% were amplified and found polymorphic in 29 megagametophyte sibships from three Norwegian populations.

ANALYSIS OF GENETIC DIVERSITY OF 26 CASSAVA VARIETIES (Manihot esculenta CRANTZ) WITH DIFFERENT RESPONSES TO WATERLOGGING CONDITIONS BY USING RAPD MARKERS

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 170-179
Author(s):  
Sengsoulichan Dethvongsa ◽  
Vu Nguyen Anh ◽  
Van Tran Khanh
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Phylogenetic Tree ◽  
Manihot Esculenta ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Flood Tolerance ◽  
Randomly Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Manihot Esculenta Crantz ◽  
Rapd Pcr ◽  
Cassava Production ◽  
Cassava Varieties

RAPD (Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA) is an indicator for high and stable polymorphism, widely used in the study of the diversity of cassava. In this paper, the results of using 20 polymorphic primers OPK combined with the establishment of the phylogenetic tree to analyze the genetic diversity of 26 cassava varieties with different responses to waterlogging conditions by using the RAPD-PCR technique were presented. The purpose of this experiment was to show the genetic relevance of the studied cassava varieties. The results showed that the flood tolerance of cassava was not related to the polymorphism and branching characteristics of the stem. This information may be use as a basis for selecting flood-tolerant cassava varieties for cassava production, as well as the basis for selecting genetically different parents for breeding.

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