Assessment of Enzyme Inhibitory and Antioxidant Activities of Lignans from Taxus baccata L.

Phytochemical investigations of Taxus baccata L. by successive chromatographic methods resulted in the isolation of the lignans lariciresinol (1), taxiresinol (2), 3´-demethylisolariciresinol- 9´-hydroxyisopropylether (3), isolariciresinol (4), and 3-demethylisolariciresinol (5) as well as taxoids. Compounds 1 - 5 were evaluated for their acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), and lipoxygenase (LOX) inhibitory activities, which play a role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), by in vitro spectrophotometric methods, while they were also screened for their antioxidant capacity in 2,2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, ferrous ion-chelating effect, and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) at 125, 250, 500, and 1000 μg ml-1. All compounds exhibited a moderate inhibition against both BChE and LOX, whereas they were inactive towards AChE. The compounds displayed a great scavenging activity against DPPH especially at 500 and 1000 μg ml-1. Besides, they were found to exert noteworthy reducing antioxidant power on ferric ions. In particular, the FRAP of compounds 2 (3.552 ± 0.02), 4 (3.021 ± 0.71), and 5 (3.533 ± 0.01) were as high as that of the reference chlorogenic acid (3.618 ± 0.01) at 1000 μg ml-1. None of the compounds exhibited chelating ability against ferrous ions.

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Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Six Flavonoids from Smilax glabra Roxb

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules25225295 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (22) ◽

pp. 5295

Author(s):

Xinyu Zhao ◽

Ruyi Chen ◽

Yueyue Shi ◽

Xiaoxi Zhang ◽

Chongmei Tian ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Raw264.7 Cells ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Preparative Hplc ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power ◽

Anti Inflammatory

This study aimed to isolate, prepare and identify the main flavonoids from a standardized Smilax glabra flavonoids extract (SGF) using preparative HPLC, MS, 1H NMR and 13C NMR, determine the contents of these flavonoids using UPLC, then compare their pharmacological activities in vitro. We obtained six flavonoids from SGF: astilbin (18.10%), neoastilbin (11.04%), isoastilbin (5.03%), neoisoastilbin (4.09%), engeletin (2.58%) and (−)-epicatechin (1.77%). The antioxidant activity of six flavonoids were evaluated by determining the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical and 2,2′-Azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS+) radical scavenging activity and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). In addition, the anti-inflammatory activity of six flavonoids were evaluated by determining the production of cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6), nitric oxide (NO) using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and the NF-κB p65 expression using Western blotting in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. The results showed that (−)-epicatechin, astilbin, neoastilbin, isoastilbin and neoisoastilbin had strong antioxidant activities, not only in DPPH and ABTS+ radicals scavenging capacities, but in FRAP system. Furthermore, all the six flavonoids could significantly inhibit the secretion of IL-1β, IL-6, NO (p < 0.01) and the protein expression of NF-κB p-p65 (p < 0.01) in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. This study preliminarily verified the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of six flavonoids in S. glabra.

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Radical Scavenging and Antioxidant Activities of Essential Oil Components – An Experimental and Computational Investigation

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1501000135 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 1934578X1501000 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Farukh S. Sharopov ◽

Michael Wink ◽

William N. Setzer

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Electronic Properties ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Dpph Radical ◽

Frap Assay ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power ◽

Oil Components ◽

Dpph Radical Scavenging

The antioxidant activities of eighteen different essential oil components have been determined using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging assay, the 2,2 ’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) radical cation assay, and the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. The phenolic compounds, carvacrol, thymol, and eugenol, showed the best antioxidant activities, while camphor, menthol, and menthone were the least active. The structural and electronic properties of the essential oil components were assessed using density functional theory (DFT) at the B3LYP/6-311++G** level. Correlations between calculated electronic properties and antioxidant activities were generally poor, but bond-dissociation energies (BDEs) seem to correlate with DPPH radical-scavenging activities, and the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay correlated with vertical ionization potentials calculated at the Hartree-Fock/6-311++G** level.

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In Vitro Antioxidant Activities of Methanolic Extracts of Caesalpinia volkensii Harms., Vernonia lasiopus O. Hoffm., and Acacia hockii De Wild

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2020/3586268 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Beatrice Muthoni Guchu ◽

Alex King’ori Machocho ◽

Stephen Kiruthi Mwihia ◽

Mathew Piero Ngugi

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Therapeutic Potential ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Chain Reactions ◽

Methanolic Extracts ◽

Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power

Oxidative stress is the result of the disparity between pro-oxidants and antioxidants in an organism, and it is important in the pathogenesis of several degenerative disorders, such as arthritis, Alzheimer’s, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases. Free radicals can damage biomolecules, such as nucleic acids, lipids, proteins, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and carbohydrates, and the DNA leading to mutations. The use of antioxidants is effective in delaying the oxidation of biomolecules. Antioxidants are complexes found in the food that can retard or deter oxidation by preventing the initiation and propagation of oxidizing chain reactions. Medicinal plants have been used for centuries by man to manage diseases and have a host of antioxidant complexes. Traditionally, Caesalpinia volkensii, Vernonia lasiopus, and Acacia hockii have folkloric remedies against associated oxidative stress-mediated complications. However, the upsurge in its use has not been accompanied by scientific validations to support these claims. In this study, in vitro antioxidant activity of Caesalpinia volkensii, Vernonia lasiopus, and Acacia hockii collected from Embu County (Kenya) were determined by radical scavenging activities of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and hydroxyl radical in addition to ferric reducing antioxidant power analyzed against that of L-ascorbic acid as the standard. The obtained results revealed remarkable antioxidant activities of the studied plant extracts as evidenced by the low IC50 and EC50 values. These antioxidant activities could be due to the presence of antioxidants phytochemicals such as flavonoids, phenols, terpenoids, and saponins among others. Therefore, the therapeutic potential of this plant could be due to their antioxidant properties. This study recommends bioassay of the extracts against oxidative stress-related disorders for development of phytomedicine with antioxidant properties.

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Antioxidant Activities of Ethanol Extracts from Zanthoxylum avicennae

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.472.801 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 472 ◽

pp. 801-804

Author(s):

Xi Feng Li ◽

Nan Nan Zheng ◽

Lu Tang ◽

Wei Xiao Zhang ◽

You Xu Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Scavenging Activity ◽

Frap Assay ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power ◽

Ethanol Extracts ◽

Dpph Radical Scavenging

The Zanthoxylum avicennae 95% EtoH extracts after concentration were dissolved in H2O and extracted with EtoAc and n-BuOH Successively. The n-BuOH layer was added to Diaion HP-20 macroporous resin column, then the resin was washed by distilled water to get rid of impurity, then washed by 20%, 40% and 60% methanol individually, and obtained M20, M40and M60respectively. And antioxidant activity was assessed using three methods: DPPH radical-scavenging activity, ABTS+radical-scavenging activity, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. The results indicate that TEAC value of M40were higher than other part extracted from Zanthoxylum avicennae 95% EtoH extracts during three methods .The results of the experiments also can find M40is the strongest antioxidant activity part in Zanthoxylum avicennae 95% EtoH extracts and provide reference for further isolating the part M40.

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Efficient Synthesis of 2-[(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)methyl]-1H-benzimidazole Derivatives, and their α-Glucosidase Inhibitory and Antioxidant Activities

Letters in Organic Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1570178617666200330130024 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (10) ◽

pp. 806-814

Author(s):

Emre Menteşe ◽

Fatih Yılmaz ◽

Nimet Baltaş

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Benzimidazole Derivatives ◽

Efficient Synthesis ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Glucosidase Inhibitor ◽

Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power ◽

Inhibitory Activities

In this work, some new 2-[(3,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl]-1H-benzimidazole derivatives containing different five-membered heterocycles like 1,3,4-oxadiazole, 1,3,4-triazole, and 1,3,4- thiadiazole moieties were designed and efficiently synthesized starting from 2-[(3,4-dichlorophenyl) methyl]-1H-benzimidazole. The products were screened for their in vitro antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities. Among the synthesized compounds, some of them showed efficient α-glucosidase inhibition with IC50 values ranging between 16.05 ± 0.94 and 77.02 ± 1.12 μg/mL when they were compared with the standard α-glucosidase inhibitor acarbose having IC50 value 12.04 ± 0.68 μg/mL. The antioxidant activity of all products was screened by using various in vitro antioxidant assays, including CUPric Reducing Antioxidant Capacity (CUPRAC) and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) assays. Also, the radical scavenging activities of the products were assayed by using the ABTS method. method.

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Enzyme Inhibitory Properties, Antioxidant Activities, and Phytochemical Profile of Three Medicinal Plants from Turkey

Advances in Pharmacological Sciences ◽

10.1155/2015/410675 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Gokhan Zengin ◽

Gokalp Ozmen Guler ◽

Abdurrahman Aktumsek ◽

Ramazan Ceylan ◽

Carene Marie Nancy Picot ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plants ◽

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Ferrous Ions ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Key Enzymes ◽

Total Antioxidant ◽

Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power ◽

Inhibitory Potential

We aimed to investigate the inhibitory potential of three medicinal plants (Hedysarum varium,Onobrychis hypargyrea, andVicia truncatula) from Turkey against key enzymes involved in human pathologies, namely, diabetes (α-amylase andα-glucosidase), neurodegenerative disorders (tyrosinase, acetylcholinesterase, and butyrylcholinesterase), and hyperpigmentation (tyrosinase). The antioxidant potential, phenolic and flavonoid content of ethyl acetate, and methanolic and aqueous extracts were investigated usingin vitroassays. The total antioxidant capacity (TAC),β-carotene/linoleic acid bleaching activity, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free radical (DPPH•), 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS•+), cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and metal chelating activity on ferrous ions were used to evaluate the antioxidant capabilities of the extracts. The half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of the extracts on cholinesterase, tyrosinase, andα-amylase were significantly higher than the references, galantamine, kojic acid, and acarbose, respectively. The half-maximal effective concentrations (EC50) of the extracts on TAC, CUPRAC, and FRAP were significantly higher than trolox. The phenol and flavonoid contents of the plant extracts were in the range20.90±0.190–83.25±0.914 mg gallic acid equivalent/g extract and1.45±0.200–39.71±0.092 mg rutin equivalent/g extract, respectively. The plants were found to possess moderate antioxidant capacities and interesting inhibitory action against key enzymes.

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Vacillantins A and B, New Anthrone C-glycosides, and a New Dihydroisocoumarin Glucoside from Aloe vacillans and Its Antioxidant Activities

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants9121632 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. 1632

Author(s):

Maram Al-Tamimi ◽

Shaza M. Al-Massarani ◽

Ali A. El-Gamal ◽

Omer A. Basudan ◽

Maged S. Abdel-Kader ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Resolution Mass Spectrometry ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

In Vitro Tests ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Nitric Oxide Radical ◽

Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power ◽

Reported Data

A new dihydroisocoumarin glucoside, vacillanoside (3), and two new anthrone C-glycosides microdantin derivatives; vacillantin A (10) and B (11), together with nine known compounds belonging to the anthraquinone, anthrone and isocoumarin groups were isolated from the leaves of Aloe vacillans. The structures were determined based on spectroscopic evidence including 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and high resolution mass spectrometry (HRESIMS) data, along with comparisons to reported data. The leaves were used to extract compounds with different solvents. The extracts were tested for antioxidant activity with a variety of in vitro tests including 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH•), 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate (ABTS•+), ferric reducing antioxidant power assay (FRAP), superoxide, and nitric oxide radical scavenging assays. The dichloromethane fraction was most active, displaying significant free radical scavenging activity. The n-butanol fraction also showed notable activity in all assays. Therefore, these findings support the potential use of A. vacillans leaves as an antioxidant medication due to the presence of polyphenolic compounds.

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Nutricosmetic effects of Asparagus officinalis: a potent matrix metalloproteinase-1 inhibitor

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-88340-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Suwannee Sriyab ◽

Nachtharinee Laosirisathian ◽

Chanun Punyoyai ◽

Songyot Anuchapreeda ◽

Singkome Tima ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Matrix Metalloproteinase ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Epigallocatechin Gallate ◽

Enzyme Reaction ◽

Asparagus Officinalis ◽

Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 ◽

Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the nutricosmetic effect of Asparagus officinalis extracts. The tip and spear of A. officinalis were successively extracted with 95% ethanol. The rutin, phenolic, and flavonoid contents of A. officinalis extracts were investigated. The antioxidant activities were determined by 2,2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) and a ferric reducing antioxidant power assay. Matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1), elastase, and hyaluronidase inhibition were determined by in vitro enzyme reaction assay. The cytotoxicity was analyzed on peripheral blood mononuclear cellss. Findings revealed that drying temperature and drying duration had significant effects on the chemical composition and biological activity of A. officinalis extract. A. officinalis tips dried at 50 °C for 24 h contained the (significantly) highest flavonoid and rutin content. The most potent extract was from A. officinalis spears since it possessed the (significantly) highest MMP-1, elastase, and hyaluronidase inhibition rates of 83.4 ± 1.5%, 70.4 ± 4.1%, and 75.2 ± 1.0%, respectively. Interestingly, at the same concentration, the A. officinalis spear extract was more potent in MMP-1 inhibition than oleanolic acid and epigallocatechin gallate, the well-known natural MMP-1 inhibitors. The results show that A. officinalis extract is an attractive source of natural anti-skin-wrinkle ingredients.

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FRACTIONATION OF THE N-HEXANE EXTRACT OF GARCINIA BANCANA MIQ. (MANGGIS HUTAN) LEAVES AND ITS ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY BASED ON 1,1-DIPHENYL-2- PICRYLHYDRAZYL AND FERRIC REDUCING ANTIOXIDANT POWER ASSAYS

International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics ◽

10.22159/ijap.2018.v10s1.90 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 407

Author(s):

Dewi Kumala Putri ◽

Berna Elya ◽

Nuraini Puspitasari

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Hexane Extract ◽

Phytochemical Screening ◽

Active Fraction ◽

Leaf Extracts ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Dpph Method ◽

Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power

Objective: To assess the antioxidant activity from another part of the plant, in this study, leaf extracts in n-hexane were fractionated.Methods: Ten fractions were obtained and tested in vitro for antioxidant activity using two methods, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferricreducing antioxidant power (FRAP), to identify the most active fraction.Results: The IC50 of the most active fraction was 36.24 μg/mL using the DPPH method, and the EC50 was 39.54 μg/mL using the FRAP method. Themost active fraction was also shown to contain terpenoids.Conclusion: The most active fraction of an n-hexane extract of the leaves of Gacinia bancana Miq., which was tested by both DPPH and FRAP methodshad antioxidant activities with IC50 and EC50 values of 36.2482 μg/mL and 39.5442 μg/mL, respectively. Phytochemical screening showed that activefraction contains terpenoids.

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Comparative Study on Phytochemical Profile and Antioxidant Activity of an Epiphyte, Viscum album L. (White Berry Mistletoe), Derived from Different Host Trees

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10061191 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 1191

Author(s):

Mahak Majeed ◽

Tanveer Bilal Pirzadah ◽

Manzoor Ahmad Mir ◽

Khalid Rehman Hakeem ◽

Hesham F. Alharby ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Juglans Regia ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Viscum Album ◽

Total Phenol Content ◽

Leaf Extracts ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power

The study aimed at evaluating the antioxidant profile of a medicinal epiphyte Viscum album L. harvested from three tree species, namely, Populus ciliata L, Ulmus villosa L., and Juglans regia L. The crude extracts were obtained with ethanol, methanol, and water and were evaluated for the total phenol content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and antioxidant activities using total reducing power (TRP), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), 1, 1-diphenyl 1-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH), superoxide radical scavenging (SOR), and hydroxyl radical scavenging (•OH) assays. Our results showed that crude leaf extracts of plants harvested from the host Juglans regia L. exhibited higher yields of phytochemical constituents and noticeable antioxidative properties. The ethanolic leaf samples reported the highest phenols (13.46 ± 0.87 mg/g), flavonoids (2.38 ± 0.04 mg/g), FRAP (500.63 ± 12.58 μM Fe II/g DW), and DPPH (87.26% ± 0.30 mg/mL). Moreover, the highest values for TRP (4.24 ± 0.26 μg/mL), SOR (89.79% ± 0.73 mg/mL), and OH (67.16% ± 1.15 mg/mL) were obtained from aqueous leaf extracts. Further, Pearson correlation was used for quantifying the relationship between TPC, TFC, and antioxidant (FRAP, DPPH, SOR, OH) activities in Viscum album L. compared to their hosts. It was revealed that the epiphyte showed variation with the type of host plant and extracting solvent.

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