Nicht unverständlich – aber unvollständig. Ein Modell zur Entwicklung von Lernaufgaben zur Förderung eines theologischen Argumentierens im evangelischen Religionsunterricht der gymnasialen Oberstufe

2015 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 337-345
Author(s):  
Thomas Weiß

Summary The article is devoted to the subject of Religious Education and the public sphere. Its leading question explores the ability of students of upper secondary school to argue about creation and evolution. Argumentation is understood as one of the key cultural techniques needed in order to participate in the public discourse. Examples are provided that serve as a starting point for a model to foster argumentation in religious education. The article concludes with the thesis that a decisive task of religious education research and practice should be to foster argumentation as a decisive cultural technique for the public discourse.

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-77
Author(s):  
Jani Marjanen ◽  
Ville Vaara ◽  
Antti Kanner ◽  
Hege Roivainen ◽  
Eetu Mäkelä ◽  
...  

This article uses metadata from serial publications as a means of modelling the historical development of the public sphere. Given that a great deal of historical knowledge is generated through narratives relying on anecdotal evidence, any attempt to rely on newspapers for modeling the past challenges customary approaches in political and cultural history. The focus in this article is on Finland, but our approach is also scalable to other regions. During the period 1771–1917 newspapers developed as a mass medium in the Grand Duchy of Finland within two imperial configurations (Sweden until 1809 and Russia in 1809–1917), and in the two main languages – Swedish and Finnish. Finland is an ideal starting point for conducting comparative studies in that its bilingual profile already includes two linguistically separated public spheres that nonetheless were heavily connected. Our particular interest here is in newspaper metadata, which we use to trace the expansion of public discourse in Finland by statistical means. We coordinate information on publication places, language, number of issues, number of words, newspaper size, and publishers, which we compare with existing scholarship on newspaper history and censorship, and thereby offer a more robust statistical analysis of newspaper publishing in Finland than has previously been possible. We specifically examine the interplay between the Swedish- and Finnish-language newspapers and show that, whereas the public discussions were inherently bilingual, the technological and journalistic developments advanced at different pace in the two language forums. This analysis challenges the perception of a uniform public sphere in the country. In addition, we assess the development of the press in comparison with the production of books and periodicals, which points toward the specialization of newspapers as a medium in the period after 1860. This confirms some earlier findings about Finnish print production. We then show how this specialization came about through the establishment of forums for local debates that other less localized print media such as magazines and books could not provide.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aron Gauti Laxdal

The overreaching aim of this thesis was to gain a better understanding of the students’ perceptions of the learning environment in upper secondary school physical education, with special focus on marginalized subgroups. More specifically, the intention was to explore whether students perceived their learning environment differently depending on their teachers’ gender, the learning support they received or the perceived competence they had. Despite the learning environment being a well-researched phenomenon in the more academic school subjects, there was a substantial knowledge gap concerning its influence in physical education. The individual works that form this ensemble aimed to occlude some of those gaps. In an effort to achieve the aforementioned aims, a new instrument measuring teacher learning support in the physical education context was also constructed and validated. The chosen methodology for the thesis was cross-sectional, comprising of a multicomponent self-report questionnaire. The data was analyzed using various analytical tools, including structural modeling analysis and MANCOVA between group comparisons. The participants were 1133 upper secondary school students (Mage = 17.2, SD = 0.86) from Norway (n = 554) and Iceland (n = 579), and 17 Norwegian PE teachers (11 males, 6 females). The sampling of participants was performed using a stratified procedure representing both urban, suburban and rural settlements. Multiple steps were taken to ensure adequate sample representability. The collective results of the individual papers indicate that the current organizational trends in PE are more in line with the needs of the highly competent students, and less so with the needs of the less competent students. This tendency intensifies the differences between these groups and may be one of the primary drivers behind the negative relationship between age and appreciation for the subject. Further, the students do not appear to be self- regulating their learning to the same extent as they are in other subjects, despite the teachers efforts to facilitate the behavior. The cause of this discrepancy likely being PE’s reputation as a recreational subject, underlined by the absence of homework and the playful nature of the lessons. Additionally, the role of the teacher’s gender in influencing the PE experience seems to be exaggerated. Gender matching and positive discrimination of female PE teachers are therefore unlikely to improve the learning environment of female students. The concluding recommendations are multitudinous and include suggestions to all the stakeholders of the subject. They include an appeal to the policymakers to rely more heavily on the body of research when implementing or adjusting policy, a plea to the teaching institutions educating the physical education teachers to emphasize formative teaching practices to a greater extent in their program, in order to promote learning behavior, and a call to the physical education teachers to address the various challenges related to the less interested and less competent students by reducing the benefits of sporting experience and ameliorating the current curriculum implementations by introducing more non-traditional sports and activities.


2015 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-99
Author(s):  
Jonas Svensson

This article is a suggestion for the rethinking of the role and purpose of religious education (RE) in Swedish public schools, in relation to two major recent reforms: of teachers training (2012) and of syllabi for RE (2011). Based on a notion of the ‘humanistic’ study of religions as he study of religion as a human cultural product, the article argues that a RE – mainly in lower and upper secondary school – informed by contemporary theoretical development, better than any other school subject can cater for the important task of educating young people about who they, as human beings, are and why. To substantiate this claim, the content of the above mentioned reforms are presented, and placed in historical context. Furthermore, the article provides a set of examples of how actual teaching may be structured to fulfil its proposed new task, with a basis in the current syllabi for lower and upper secondary school.


2020 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 186
Author(s):  
Denise Bianca Maduro Silva ◽  
Ana Miranda

This article analyses public policy programs for dropout prevention in the vocational upper secondary school in Argentina between 2003 and 2015. The study grounds on documents (reports, laws, and regulations) as well as interviews with officials of the Institute of Technological Education of the Ministry of Education from Argentina and in three technical schools maintained by the State in the City of Buenos Aires. Through a qualitative approach, the documents and the participants' discourse and narratives were analyzed under the categories: understanding the diagnosis of school dropout; thinking the solutions for school retention; defining the public educational policies. The research results show that the public policies were successful in democratizing access to the vocational secondary education, although presenting structural limits for carrying on effective dropout prevention in Argentina.


2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dag Husebø ◽  
Geir Skeie ◽  
Ann Kristin Tokheim Allaico ◽  
Torunn Helene Bjørnevik

Prismet ◽  
1970 ◽  
pp. 51-68
Author(s):  
Ulrika Svalfors

Denna artikel diskuterar hur ungdomars egna erfarenheter kan användas som en resurs i undervisning för hållbar utveckling inom religionskunskapen. Diskussionen sker mot bakgrund av en intervjustudie bland sistaårselever på fyra gymnasieskolor i Sverige. I dessa intervjuer framkommer det att ungdomar har gedigna erfarenheter av såväl engagemang som makt och uthållighet som är så pass integrerade med ungdomars uppfattningar om sig själva att de kan betraktas som delar av deras livsåskådning. Dessa erfarenheter kan därmed utgöra en resurs i undervisning om hållbar utveckling, vilket blir tydligt i religionskunskapen. Hållbar utveckling är ett tema som kan bidra till att stärka elevernas hermeneutiska förmåga och till mångfald – centralt för religionskunskapen och nödvändigt för en hållbar utveckling.Nyckelord: ungdomar, livsåskådning, religionskunskap, hermeneutisk förmåga, engagemang, makt, uthållighet, utbildning för hållbar utveckling, gymnasieskolan, SverigeThis article discusses how young people's own experiences can be used as a resource for sustainable development education within religious education. The discussion takes place in the light of an interview study among last year's students at four upper secondary schools in Sweden. In these interviews, it appears that young people have a solid experience of commitment as well as power and stamina that are so integrated with their perceptions of themselves that they can be regarded as part of their world view. Hence, these experiences become a resource for education for sustainable development, which become clear in religious education. Sustainable development is a theme that reinforces the students’ hermeneutical competence and contributes to diversity – central for religious education and necessary for sustainable development.Keywords: youth, world view, religious education, hermeneutical competence, commitment, power, stamina, education for sustainable development, upper secondary school, Sweden


2021 ◽  
pp. 213-241
Author(s):  
Anja Thorsten ◽  
Marcus Samuelsson ◽  
Johan Meckbach ◽  
Camilla Heiskanen ◽  
Anneli Mohlin

Previous research describes classroom management as both complex and demanding. Therefore, teachers as leaders need to make many choices about how to handle situations and students. The aim of this study is to describe teachers’ considerations when they are managing the classroom. The study was conducted by a teacher-research team.  The data consist of 12 focus-group interviews with 46 Swedish teachers, spanning from primary to upper secondary school. Through thematic analysis, the following four themes of consideration emerged: (a) control – how much control teachers as leaders should have and how much co-decision that should be given to the students, (b) role – if teachers should be strict or personal, (c) focus – if teachers should focus on the subject or relations to students, and (d) differentiation – if teachers should focus on each individual or on the entire group. This result is an important contribution to understanding the challenges teachers face when managing the classroom and trying to provide learning and development to all students.


2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Irmelin Kjelaas ◽  
Ketil Eide ◽  
Anna Sjølset Vidarsdottir ◽  
Hans Abraham Hauge

Denne artikkelen omhandler språkkartlegging av nyankomne minoritetsspråklige elever i videregående opplæring i Norge. Den tar utgangspunkt i elevenes negative reaksjoner på at norskkompetansen deres skulle kartlegges andreåret på videregående, og undersøker hvordan egenskaper ved selve kartleggingsverktøyet som brukes, og sider ved kartleggingspraksisen ved skolen, kan belyse elevenes opplevelse. Studien som ligger til grunn har et etnografisk design med deltakende observasjon, uformelle samtaler og mer formaliserte intervju som konkrete metoder. Det teoretiske rammeverket er kritisk sosiolingvistisk testteori og -forskning (Shohamy, 2013), og distinksjonen mellom riktighet (eng. «fairness») og rettferdighet (eng. «justice») i kartlegging står særlig sentralt i analysen (McNamara & Ryan, 2011). Analysen viser at elevene reagerer både på konsekvensene og intensjonene med kartlegginga, og opplever den som devaluerende og annengjørende. Videre finner vi at kartlegginga kjennetegnes av mangel på både riktighet og rettferdighet: Det er vesentlige svakheter ved verktøyet når det brukes med denne elevgruppa, og det er vesentlige svakheter ved skolens fortolkning og bruk av kartlegginga. Vi fortolker disse funna som uttrykk for mangler på systemnivå når det gjelder opplæringa for minoritetsspråklige elever, og som uttrykk for selvfølgeliggjorte forståelser av språk og språkopplæring i det norske utdanningssystemet. Diskusjonen fokuserer på hvordan språklige ideologier som enspråklighetsideologi, nativespeakerism (Ortega, 2019) og grafosentrisme (Blommaert, 2004) virker sammen – og på uheldige måter – i denne opplæringskonteksten. Nøkkelord: språkkartlegging, nyankomne elever, språklige ideologier, enspråklighetsideologi, nativespeakerism, grafosentrisme. To feel intellectually attacked. Language Assessment for Newly Arrived Students in Upper Secondary School. AbstractThis article explores language assessment for newly arrived adolescent students in upper secondary school in Norway. Its starting point is the students’ negative reactions to having their Norwegian skills assessed in the beginning of their second year in upper secondary school, and it highlights aspects of the assessment tool itself and of the school’s assessment practice to illuminate the students’ reactions. The study has an ethnographic design with participant observation, informal conversations and more formalized interviews as concrete methods. Theoretically, it draws on critical sociolinguistic test theory and research (Shohamy, 2013). Following McNamara and Ryan (2011), the distinction between «fairness» and «justice» in language assessment is particularly central in the analysis. The analysis shows that the students react negatively both to the consequences and the intentions of the assessment, experiencing it as both devaluating and othering. Furthermore, we find that the assessment is characterized by lack of both fairness and justice: the assessment tool has severe weaknesses when used with newly arrived language minority students, and the interpretation and use of the assessment results are not in the best interest of the students. We interpret these findings as an expression of systemic shortcomings in the education for language minority students, and as an expression of naturalized perceptions of language competence and second language teaching and learning in the Norwegian education system. The discussion highlights how powerful language ideologies like the monolingual bias, nativespeakerism (Ortega, 2019) and graphocentrism (Blommaert, 2004) work together – and in detrimental ways – in this educational context. Keywords: language assessment, newly arrived students, language ideology, monolingual bias, nativespeakerism, graphocentrism.


2014 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bengt-Ove Andreassen

Both research and public and scholarly debate on religious education (RE) in Norway have mostly revolved around the subject in primary and secondary school called Christianity, Religion and Ethics (KRL) (later renamed Religion, Philosophies of Life and Ethics, RLE), not least due to the criticisms raised by the UN’s Human Rights Committee in 2004 and the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) in 2007 of the Norwegian model for RE in primary and secondary schools. The RE subject in upper secondary school, however, is hardly ever mentioned. The same applies to teacher education. This article therefore aims at providing some insight into how RE has developed in the Norwegian educational system overall, ranging from primary and secondary to upper secondary and including the different forms of teacher education.


1993 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 437-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alistair McFadyen

Alasdair Maclntyre has argued that, despite its ‘rhetoric of consensus’, modern society is irreducibly pluralist since it lacks the basic condition necessary for securing agreement on the truth of competing convictions — namely, some background consensus as to the nature and procedures of rationality. Even if the possibilities of affirming truth in the public sphere may not be quite as grim as Maclntyre makes out (and it seems to me to universalize an apt description of American public society), we are nonetheless still left with disconcerting questions as to the nature of public truth. Has public discourse been relativised into competing truth-claims? Is it possible to speak now of a common public world, of society, at all? Or of rationality? Indeed, if truth cannot be made the subject of public agreement, can we really speak any more of truth at all? How, in this situation, can Christianity claim to have an absolute and universal Truth? And how might it gain a public hearing for its truth?


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