scholarly journals The Collaborative Folktale Project of a Family: The Synoptic Critical Edition of a 19th-Century Hungarian Folktale and Riddle Collection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judit Gulyás
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Critical Edition ◽  
Hungarian Academy ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Second World

AbstractIn 1862, a volume of tales was published under the title Eredeti népmesék (‘Original Folktales’) by László Arany, the then 18-year-old son of János Arany, the national poet of the period. Eredeti népmesék has been classified by folkloristics as the first canonical folktale collection in Hungary. Besides scholarly recognition, it has also become one of the most popular folktale collections of the past one and a half century, as selected tales from this collection have been continuously republished in schoolbooks and anthologies and have become a regular element in children's literature. After the Second World War, in the basement of the main building of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences in Budapest, a huge pile of manuscripts had been found in very poor condition, consisting of, among others, various 19th-century folklore collections. In the 1960s, it was discovered that a part of these manuscripts was identical to the texts published in Eredeti népmesék. The vast majority of the manuscript tales had been recorded by the family members of János Arany, namely, his young daughter (Julianna Arany) and his wife (Julianna Ercsey), in the period between 1850 and 1862, presumably for family use. A comparison of the manuscript texts with their published versions revealed that in the editing process, László Arany significantly reworked the texts of the manuscript tales, implementing significant stylistic modifications. This article reports on the research project underlying the synoptic critical edition of the manuscript and published tales of the Arany family (2018). In the first part, the author presents the manuscript and published tales and their place in the history of Hungarian folkloristics, followed by an introduction of the members of the Arany family with an emphasis on their socio-cultural background, and concluding with a discussion of the roles they played in this collaborative folktale project as collectors, editors, copy editors, and theoreticians. The second part is a summary of the textological concept and techniques applied in the course of the development of the synoptic critical edition.

A century of physics in Oxford

1999 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Bleaney
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Second World

This paper gives a concise history of the development of physics in Oxford, mainly from the middle of the 19th century to 1945. The first part covers the origins of the old Clarendon Laboratory and the Electrical Laboratory. The second part is devoted to the new Clarendon Laboratory, constructed in 1938–39, and the work there during the Second World War, together with a brief summary of important changes in 1945–46.

scholarly journals Writing History under the «Dictatorship of the Proletariat»: Yugoslav Historiography 1945–1991

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 49-73
Author(s):  
Michael Antolović
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Research Programs ◽  
Political Crises ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Second World

This paper analyzes the development of the historiography in the former socialist Yugoslavia (1945–1991). Starting with the revolutionary changes after the Second World War and the establishment of the «dictatorship of the proletariat», the paper considers the ideological surveillance imposed on historiography entailing its reconceptualization on the Marxist grounds. Despite the existence of common Yugoslav institutions, Yugoslav historiography was constituted by six historiographies focusing their research programs on the history of their own nation, i.e. the republic. Therefore, many joint historiographical projects were either left unfinished or courted controversies between historians over a number of phenomena from the Yugoslav history. Yugoslav historiography emancipated from Marxist dogmatism, and modernized itself following various forms of social history due to a gradual weakening of ideological surveillance from the 1960s onwards. However, the modernization of Yugoslav historiography was carried out only partially because of the growing social and political crises which eventually led to the dissolution of Yugoslavia.

scholarly journals Imagining Africa in Eastern Europe: Transcultural Psychiatry and Psychoanalysis in Cold War Yugoslavia

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 234-251
Author(s):  
Ana Antić
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Transcultural Psychiatry ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
World War ◽  
International Context ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Second World ◽  
Shed Light

This article seeks to write Yugoslavia and Eastern Europe into the history of post-Second World War global psychiatry and to explore the significance of Marxist psychiatry in an international context. It traces Yugoslav psychiatrists’ transnational and interdisciplinary engagements as they peaked in the 1960s. Focusing on the distinguished Belgrade psychiatrist and psychoanalyst Vladimir Jakovljevic (1925–68), it looks at Yugoslav psychiatry’s clinical and anthropological research in the global South to shed light on its contributions to Western-dominated transcultural psychiatry. Through this lens the article also explores how Eastern Europe’s intellectuals engaged with decolonisation and the notions of race, ‘primitivism’ and modernity. Jakovljevic’s involvement in transcultural psychiatry demonstrated the inherent contradiction of Eastern European Marxist psychiatry: its dubiously colonial ‘civilising mission’ towards the subalterns in its own populations and its progressive, emancipatory agenda. Jakovljevic’s writings about Africa ultimately turned into an unprecedented opportunity to shed light on some glaring internal inconsistencies from Yugoslavia’s own socio-political context.

The Elderly in Poland: An Overview of Selected Problems and Changes

1987 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brunon Synak
Keyword(s):  
Family Care ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
The Family ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Self Assessed Health ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Second World

ABSTRACTThis paper draws on gerontological studies conducted in Poland over the last 20 years to outline a number of changes in the socio-economic circumstances of the elderly population. It begins by examining the impact of demographic factors, with particular emphasis on the post-Second World War migrations and the more recent move to the towns, and goes on to describe trends in health and functional status. It is shown that self-assessed health and even life expectancy have decreased over the last five years, and a number of explanations are suggested. The main part of the paper uses national surveys conducted in the 1960s and in the 1980s to identify changes in the family situation of the elderly. Despite an overall reduction in many forms of family support, it is shown that help from parents and children has increased particularly over the last five years. It is concluded that while various services need to be developed along Western lines, this development should be accompanied by a strengthening of various forms of family care.

scholarly journals Sultan Sulayman’s Mosque in Jajce from its Foundation (1528) until the Second World War (1941)

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (41) ◽  
pp. 135-155
Author(s):  
Elvir Duranović
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Archival Material ◽  
Significant Events ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Second World

After the conquest of Jajce in 1528, by order of the Ottoman rule, the former Church of St. Mary was converted into a mosque which was named after the then sultan, namely Sultan Suleyman’s Mosque or the Emperor’s Mosque. Without referring to the pre-Ottoman period of the construction and activities of St. Mary’s Church for which our literature accumulated considerable material, this paper will focus on the period of the foundation of the mosque in 1528 until the beginning of the Second World War. Based on the archival material and published sources, this paper tries to explain why St. Mary’s Church had been converted into a mosque and how that had been done. More significant events from the history of the mosque are highligted, and also imams, hatibs, muezzins and other mosque officials are portrayed chronologically to the present day. Special attention is focused on the history of Sultan Sulayman’s Mosque in the 19th century when a fire broke out at the mosque, and it has never been restored to the present day. Referring to the sources from the archives of the Islamic Community in Bosnia and Herzegovina, the author has pointed to the causes of the fact that the mosque was not restored after the fire.

Technische Innovation als Schutz vor wirtschaftlichem Niedergang?

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-224
Author(s):  
Jörn Lindner
Keyword(s):  
Second World War ◽  
Technical Innovation ◽  
Economic Decline ◽  
World War ◽  
Building Projects ◽  
History Of ◽  
Considerable Impact ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Second World

AbstractTechnical innovation as protection against economic decline? The development of the Rickmers shipyard from 1945 to the late 1960sThe article covers the history of the Rickmers-Shipyard in Bremerhaven from the end of the Second World War up to the end of the 1960s. An initial glance into the interwar years establishes that the shipyard’s restructuring in the 20s and subsequent shift into the production of warships during the 30s and 40s had considerable impact on its afterwar development. Despite the involvement with the Kriegsmarine, Rickmers was able to reopen for business very quickly after the end of the war. Yet, the shipyard was barred from new building projects and relegated to repair jobs for a considerable amount of time. In the 1950s, Rickmers began building new ships and was able to somewhat profit from the shipbuilding boom of the time. Still, most projects proved unprofitable and the onset of the crisis of European shipbuilding in the late 1950s hit the shipyard hard. This set the stage for Rickmers’ decline and ultimate closure in 1986.

scholarly journals Die Nederduitsch Hervormde Kerk van Afrika as volkskerk: Oorsig en herbesinning

2006 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
W.A. Dreyer
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Theological Reflection ◽  
World War ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
Ecumenical Movement ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Second World

The Nederduitsch Hervormde Kerk van Afrika as “volkskerk”: Overview and evaluationThe Church Order of the Nederduitsch Hervormde Kerk van Afrika (NHKA) states in Ordinance 4 that the NHKA is a “volkskerk”, meaning a Church that is ethnically based and focused on the ministry to Afrikaans speaking people. This article examines the history of the relationship between NHKA and Afrikaners that prevailed since the early 19th century. It argues that the establishment of separate and ethnically based churches in South Africa was, initially, the result of a specific understanding of Afrikaner nationalism and liberty. Only after the Second World War, due to criticism levelled at separate development and separate churches by the ecumenical movement, it was based on theological reflection. This article concludes that the term “volkskerk” has become theologically obsolete as well as practically unusable.

scholarly journals Indirection and the Rhetoric of Tyranny: Carl Schmitt's The Tyranny of Values 1960–1967

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Samuel Garrett Zeitlin
Keyword(s):  
Second World War ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
World War ◽  
Racial Theory ◽  
War Criminals ◽  
History Of ◽  
German Constitutional Court ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Second World

This article situates Carl Schmitt's The Tyranny of Values (1960/1967/1979) within the context of Schmitt's 1940s and 1950s op-ed campaign for full amnesty for Nazi war criminals as well as the context of the Veit Harlan trials and the 1958 Lüth judgment of the German Constitutional Court. The article further examines the revisions to Schmitt's 1967 version of the text in the light of Karl Löwith's criticisms of Schmitt in an article in the Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung from 1964. The article argues that The Tyranny of Values is a work of post-Second World War Nazi apologetics, in which Nazi racial theory can be seen being put to polemical ends in the 1960s and 1970s. The article concludes with broader reflections on the relation of Schmitt's The Tyranny of Values to Nazi discourse in the aftermath of the Second World War and the history of Nazism post-1945.

Conclusion

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsten Leng
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Social Movements ◽  
Second World War ◽  
First Century ◽  
Sexual Knowledge ◽  
New Social Movements ◽  
World War ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Second World

The Conclusion accounts for the fate of the women whose ideas are examined in this book, and takes stock of the legacies of their sexological work. It further lays out the benefits of pursuing a larger twentieth century history of women’s sexological work, one that is international in its scope and grapples with the rupture in female sexual knowledge production affected by the Second World War and its geopolitical realignments, the reshuffling of the ideological landscapes after 1945, and the rise of new social movements in the 1960s. Finally, the Conclusion argues that the history of women’s sexological work is especially significant at this particular moment in time, as twenty-first century feminist theorists positively embrace science and nature as intellectual and rhetorical resources once again.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document