scholarly journals Phytoremediation of BTEX from indoor air by Hyrcanian plants

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 233-240
Author(s):  
Mahta Fooladi ◽  
Roxana Moogouei ◽  
Seyed Ali Jozi ◽  
Farideh Golbabaei ◽  
Golnaz Tajadod
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Indoor Air Pollution ◽  
Test Chamber ◽  
Morphological Structure ◽  
Vascular Bundles ◽  
The Third ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Benzene Toluene ◽  
Area And Volume

Background: Phytoremediation is one of the available and simple techniques for removing benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX) from indoor air. This study aimed to evaluate phytoremediation of low concentrations of BTEX by Hyrcanian plants including Ruscus hyrcanus and Danae racemosa. Methods: The test chamber was used to evaluate the removal of BTEX. Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene were injected into the chamber using Gastight syringes (Hamilton) to generate the concentration of 10 (benzene), 20 (toluene), 20 (ethylbenzene), and 50 (xylene) µL/L Results: Ruscus hyrcanus was able to remove BTEX (10, 20, 20, and 50 µL/L) from air after 3 days. D. racemosa could uptake BTEX (10, 20, 20, and 50 µL/L) from air after 4 days. Removal efficiency was calculated based on leaf area and volume of the chamber. R. hyrcanus showed the highest removal efficiency ranged from 8.5075 mg/m3 /h.cm2 for benzene to 86.66 mg/m3 /h.cm2 for xylene. The increase in BTEX phytoremediation was assessed after repeated exposures. A significant phytoremediation efficiency was obtained after the third injection of BTEX to the chamber. Afterwards, the effects of BTEX on anatomical and morphological structure of plants were studied. The results of Photomicrography showed that tissue structures of leaves and stems changed. Study of D. racemosa and R. hyrcanus stems showed that vascular bundles also changed. The development of crystal in vacuole of spongy parenchyma was the main anatomical change of R. hyrcanus and D. racemose compared to the control samples. Conclusion: It can be concluded that R. hyrcanus and D. racemosa can be used for phytoremediation of indoor air pollution.

Research on Bake-Out with Dilution Ventilation for Indoor Air Pollution

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 2749-2752
Author(s):  
Yang Lu ◽  
Hai Wen Shu ◽  
Jing Liu ◽  
Lin Lin Li
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Indoor Air Pollution ◽  
Benzene Toluene ◽  
Experimental Works

Bake-out exhaust method was used to significantly accelerate the release of VOCs from building materials. This paper studies the bake-out technology with dilution ventilation for indoor air pollution by experimental works. The baking effectiveness of formaldehyde, benzene, toluene and xylene ranged from 3 to 7.6, 7.6 to 25, 5.1 to 17 and 6 to 22 for the six cases, respectively. Baking effectiveness would become higher at longer baking time and higher baking temperature for formaldehyde and VOCs released from decorative materials. However, considering the possible deformation of building materials, 40°C and 10 hr would be the best choice for a suitable bake-out.

Indoor Air Purification by Compost Packed Biofilter

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Ondarts ◽  
Cécile Hort ◽  
Vincent Platel ◽  
Sabine Sochard
Keyword(s):  
Indoor Air ◽  
Indoor Air Pollution ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Low Concentration ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Removal Efficiencies ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Adapted Process

The interest in Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) has increased this past decade due to better knowledge of this kind of pollution. Recent studies have pointed out the Indoor Air Pollution (IAP) impact on health and associated costs. IAQ improvement can be achieved by removal of pollutant with adapted process. Numerous processes, as sorption or UV photocatalysis, have been studied for IAP treatment. However, IAP specificities, including high number of compounds with different physico-chemical properties at low concentrations, still limit process efficiencies. Competition between pollutants and process selectivity are also common limitations. Biofiltration is commonly used to treat effluents containing numerous compounds at low concentration in composting units or wastewater treatment plants. Moreover, since it uses waste as a filtration medium and avoids the addition of chemical products, biofiltration is a sustainable technology. In this study, biofilter performances for IAP treatment are evaluated. The biofilter is packed with compost, a natural medium which has a large range of microorganisms, good physical properties (water retention, pH) and contains nutrients. The model effluent contains 8 compounds (aldehyde, aromatic, chlorinated, inorganic...), at low concentration (sub-ppmv), chosen for their ubiquity in indoor air, their heterogeneous physical and chemical properties (solubility, vapor pressure, biodegradability) and their potential health risk due to chronic exposures. Biofilter performances were evaluated during 75 days in steady state. Three compounds, undecane, limonene and butyl acetate, could not be quantified during the study, removal efficiencies are close to 100 %. Butanol, formaldehyde and toluene were removed with efficiencies close to 100 % during the first 40 days. After this time, efficiency variations were observed and the removal efficiencies decreased to 55.5, 77.8 and 13.9 % for butanol, formaldehyde and toluene, respectively. The decrease of bed moisture content seems to be the main explanation for these phenomena. Removal efficiencies of 86.3 – 99.6 % were achieved for nitrogen dioxide. Only trichloroethylene, known as a not easily biodegradable compound, was not removed by the biofilter: only sorption and desorption phenomena were observed during this time for this compound. In these starvation conditions, biomass cannot grow and only a fraction of the biomass can be maintained in the biofilter. However, this non-negligible biomass fraction can have a biological activity and removes the different compounds contained in the model effluent.

scholarly journals Indoor air quality and health risk assessment for workers in packaging production factory, Can Tho city, Viet Nam

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-71
Author(s):  
Van Toan Pham ◽  
Thi Phuong Le ◽  
Thanh Giao Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Methyl Ethyl Ketone ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Indoor Air Pollution ◽  
Methyl Ethyl ◽  
Benzene Toluene

The production of packaging goods for cement is one of the most important industries, contributing to income of many workers. Production activities, however, cause air pollution and health risk. The study was conducted to assess air quality and health risks of workers through air quality data and interviewing employees from 2016-2017 at a packaging production factory, Cantho city, Vietnam. The findings indicated that temperature and noise exceeded the national technical regulations (QCVN 22-26: 2016/TT-BYT) while the humidity, wind speed, light, respirable particles, toxic gases (benzene, toluene, methyl ethyl ketone (MEK)) were in accordance with the national standards for occupational health and safety (Decision 3733/2002/QĐ-BYT). However, health risk assessment showed that long-term exposure in this factory would result in severe impact on health of workers due to indoor air pollution. The non-cancer risk caused by benzene, toluene and MEK for workers in the working sections such as printing, film coating, weaving, spinning and pasting was expected to cause serious impact on workers’ health. The cancer risk (benzene) index was in the range of 1.3 x 10-5 to 7.7 x 10-4 and averaged at 3.3 x 10-4. The study clearly showed that benzene greatly contributes to serious workers’ health effects. Appropriate protection measures such as treatment of air pollutants, regular health check, wearing protective clothes should be implemented to mitigate impact of indoor air pollution at the factory. More importantly, it is necessary to reconsider the standard values of benzene, toluene, methyl ethyl ketone to ensure health of workers. Công nghiệp sản xuất bao bì xi măng thuộc lĩnh vực ngành xây dựng là một trong những ngành công nghiệp quan trọng, đã góp phần mang lại nguồn thu nhập cho nhiều người lao động. Tuy nhiên hoạt động sản xuất cũng gây ra những vấn đề về ô nhiễm môi trường không khí và rủi ro sức khỏe. Nghiên cứu được thực hiện nhằm đánh giá mức độ ô nhiễm môi trường không khí và đánh giá rủi ro sức khỏe của công nhân thông qua số liệu chất lượng môi trường không khí và phỏng vấn trực tiếp người lao động trong khoảng thời gian từ 2016 - 2017. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy nhiệt độ, tiếng ồn vượt qui chuẩn cho phép (QCVN 22-26:2016/TT-BYT) trong khi độ ẩm, tốc độ gió, ánh sáng, bụi hô hấp, hơi khí độc (Benzen, toluen, methyl ethyl ketone) đạt chuẩn cho phép theo tiêu chuẩn vệ sinh an toàn lao động (QĐ 3733/2002/QĐ-BYT). Tuy nhiên, kết quả đánh giá rủi ro sức khỏe cho thấy công nhân làm việc lâu dài sẽ bị ảnh hưởng nghiêm trọng đến sức khỏe do ô nhiễm không khí. Rủi ro không gây ung thư do benzene, toluene và MEK gây ra đối với công nhân ở từng khu vực có thể gây ảnh hưởng nghiêm trọng đến sức khỏe công nhân làm việc ở các khu vực sản xuất như in, tráng màng, dệt, kéo sợi và dán. Benzene gây rủi ro ung thư với xác suất từ 1 đến 7 người trong 10.000 người trong quá trình làm việc lâu dài tại nhà máy. Nghiên cứu cho thấy benzene đóng góp rất lớn vào khả năng gây ảnh hưởng nghiêm trọng đến sức khỏe công nhân. Môi trường không khí bên trong nhà máy cần được cải thiện hơn nữa đồng thời tuyên truyền nâng cao ý thức công nhân thực hiện nghiêm túc bảo hộ lao động, tổ chức khám sức khỏe định kỳ cho công nhân. Quan trọng hơn là cần điều chỉnh lại các giá trị qui chuẩn để đảm bảo an toàn sức khỏe cho công nhân đang làm việc tại những nơi có sự hiện diện của khí độc như benzene, toluen, methyl ethyl ketone.

AWARENESS ABOUT INDOOR AIR POLLUTION IN GENERAL POPULATION OF RAWALPINDI AND ISLAMABAD

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-83
Author(s):  
Nadia Tariq ◽  
Tamkeen Jaffry ◽  
Rahma Fiaz ◽  
Abdul Majid Rajput ◽  
Sadaf Khalid
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
General Population ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Indoor Air Pollution ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Indoor air pollutants are increasingly being associated with respiratory illnesses leading to high degree of morbidity and mortality. There are not sufficient epidemiological studies from Pakistan which assess level of awareness of indoor air pollution resulting in respiratory diseases in population. Methods: This cross sectional survey was carried out on general population of Rawalpindi/Islamabad. Sample size was 223 study subjects selected by non-probability convenient sampling. Knowledge of the study subjects was determined with regard to indoor air pollution, its effects on health and different sources of indoor air pollution with the help of a questionnaire. The influence of age, gender, educational status and socio economic status on the level of awareness was also analyzed. Results: Out of total 223 participants, 115 were males and108 females. Participants aware of indoor air pollution were 91.5% and adequate awareness about its sources was 80.7%. Those who knew indoor air pollution is detrimental to health were 95.1%. Awareness about building construction dust as source of indoor air pollution was maximum (84.8%). There was significant difference in awareness among participants with different monthly incomes and educational status and also between males and females. Conclusion: This study concludes that general population of Rawalpindi/Islamabad has fairly good awareness about sources of indoor air pollution. Use of harmful material causing indoor air pollution should be limited or substituted with better ones where possible.

ANALISIS PENGUKURAN KONSENTRASI KARBONMONOKSIDA (CO) PADA BREATHING ZONE PETUGAS PARKIR BASEMENT MALL KOTA BANDUNG

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gede H Cahyana
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Indoor Air Pollution ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Breathing Zone ◽  
Gas Concentration ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Co Concentration ◽  
Personal Dosimeter ◽  
Co Gas

Indoor air pollution in closed room is one of the air pollution that gives serious threats to human health. One of them come from vehicle gas emissions in closed parking area. This research identifies and analyses CO concentration measured in Mall X parking man’s breathing zone with closed parking area and in Mall Y semi-opened parking area. CO measurement carried out by passive sampling method using Personal Dosimeter Tubes. Measurement result of CO gas concentration to parking man’s breathing zone in Mall X was 25 – 81,25 ppm with average value in 50 ± 26,15 ppm. Meanwhile CO gas concentration in Mall Y gave result 3,13 – 12,5 ppm with average value in 7,88 ± 4,36 ppm. Correlation value between CO concentration and its intake in Mall X area was 0,9983, meanwhile correlation value between CO concentration and its intake in Mall Y area was 0,9903. It was concluded that CO gas concentration measured in parking man’s breathing zone influenced the differences of CO intake value in significance value.

Environmentalists seek to set research agenda on indoor air pollution

BMJ ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 342 (may17 2) ◽  
pp. d3062-d3062 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Roehr
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Indoor Air Pollution
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