Reliability and validity of Azeri Turkish version of geriatric depression scale

Background: In older adults, depression symptoms may be masked by physical complaints and be even attributed to the natural aging process, which may be resulted in improper diagnosis. Native-language scales can be highly effective in the detection of depressive disorders. In this study we attempted to assess the reliability and validity of the Azeri Turkish version of the geriatric depression scale (GDS). Methods: In this psychometric study, the GDS and the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM IV(SCID) questionnaires were administered to a sample of 387 older adults (60 years and older)from the member households of Tabriz health centers. The English version of GDS was translated into Azeri Turkish. Translation-back translation process was conducted. The receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve, as well as sensitivity and specificity, were used to determine the validity of the questionnaire, and the test-retest method was used to calculate reliability. Results: The mean age of participants was 69.30. The area under the ROC curve for the scores higher than five was 0.832 and for the scores equal to ten and above was 0.871. The sensitivity and specificity for the scores higher than five were 90.9% and 73.4%, respectively. The reliability of this scale was confirmed based on intraclass coefficient (ICC) = 0.79. Conclusion: The Azeri Turkish version of GDS was found with appropriate levels of validity and reliability.

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Community reintegration: Therapeutic dining program for older adult following stroke

American Journal of Recreation Therapy ◽

10.5055/ajrt.2009.0016 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 7-18

Author(s):

Christina Harper

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Older Adult ◽

Barthel Index ◽

Geriatric Depression Scale ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Self Esteem ◽

Depression Symptoms ◽

Community Reintegration ◽

Geriatric Depression

Therapeutic dining programs are part of the community reintegration process for clients recovering from a stroke. It is a supervised program performed in social settings that consists of a combination of techniques to improve the eating situation. Therapeutic dining programs are a beneficial form of therapy for many rehabilitative groups. This specific program has been tailored to older adults who are recovering from a stroke. Its main goals, aside from improving the eating situation, are to prevent another stroke from happening and decrease depression symptoms and increase self-esteem by reintegrating clients back into the community. I looked into several different community reintegration program and nutrition and eating after stroke studies in which positive outcomes were found for post-stroke clients. All studies and research used has provided a strong support for the specific proposed intervention program for my client Kelly, who is an older adult female recovering from a stroke. Assessments selected: The Barthel Index, Nutritional Status, and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). Plan: Small group therapeutic dining program with other older adults in the afternoon. Intervention: Therapeutic Dining Program three times a week for eight weeks to improve eating situation, promote healthy eating, decrease symptoms of depression, and increase self esteem and social activity. Evaluation: The Barthel Index, Nutritional Status, Geriatric Depression Scale plus a Stroke Recovery Scorecard. Clients Goals: 1) Client will lower the risks of having another stroke. 2) Client will increase their eating situation experience and self-esteem while decreasing their depression symptoms. 3) Client will get involved in one support group or leisure activity outside of recreational therapy (RT) dining program for community reintegrated leisure pursuits.

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Accuracy of the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS)-4 and GDS-5 for the screening of depression among older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0253899 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (7) ◽

pp. e0253899

Author(s):

Ana Brañez-Condorena ◽

David R. Soriano-Moreno ◽

Alba Navarro-Flores ◽

Blanca Solis-Chimoy ◽

Mario E. Diaz-Barrera ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Sensitivity And Specificity ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Geriatric Depression Scale ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Limited Resource ◽

Depression Screening ◽

Index Test ◽

Geriatric Depression ◽

Meta Analyses

Background The Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) is a widely used instrument to assess depression in older adults. The short GDS versions that have four (GDS-4) and five items (GDS-5) represent alternatives for depression screening in limited-resource settings. However, their accuracy remains uncertain. Objective To assess the accuracy of the GDS-4 and GDS-5 versions for depression screening in older adults. Methods Until May 2020, we systematically searched PubMed, PsycINFO, Scopus, and Google Scholar; for studies that have assessed the sensitivity and specificity of GDS-4 and GDS-5 for depression screening in older adults. We conducted meta-analyses of the sensitivity and specificity of those studies that used the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) or the International Classification of Diseases-10 (ICD-10) as reference standard. Study quality was assessed with the QUADAS-2 tool. We performed bivariate random-effects meta-analyses to calculate the pooled sensitivity and specificity with their 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) at each reported common cut-off. For the overall meta-analyses, we evaluated each GDS-4 version or GDS-5 version separately by each cut-off, and for investigations of heterogeneity, we assessed altogether across similar GDS versions by each cut-off. Also, we assessed the certainty of evidence using the GRADE methodology. Results Twenty-three studies were included and meta-analyzed, assessing eleven different GDS versions. The number of participants included was 5048. When including all versions together, at a cut-off 2, GDS-4 had a pooled sensitivity of 0.77 (95% CI: 0.70–0.82) and a pooled specificity of 0.75 (0.68–0.81); while GDS-5 had a pooled sensitivity of 0.85 (0.80–0.90) and a pooled specificity of 0.75 (0.69–0.81). We found results for more than one GDS-4 version at cut-off points 1, 2, and 3; and for more than one GDS-5 version at cut-off points 1, 2, 3, and 4. Mostly, significant subgroup differences at different test thresholds across versions were found. The accuracy of the different GDS-4 and GDS-5 versions showed a high heterogeneity. There was high risk of bias in the index test domain. Also, the certainty of the evidence was low or very low for most of the GDS versions. Conclusions We found several GDS-4 and GDS-5 versions that showed great heterogeneity in estimates of sensitivity and specificity, mostly with a low or very low certainty of the evidence. Altogether, our results indicate the need for more well-designed studies that compare different GDS versions.

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The Collateral Source version of the Geriatric Depression Scale: evaluation of psychometric properties and discrepancy between collateral sources and patients with dementia in reporting depression

International Psychogeriatrics ◽

10.1017/s1041610211000147 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 23 (6) ◽

pp. 961-968 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Yu-Ping Chang ◽

Dorothy Farrar Edwards ◽

Helen W. Lach

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Psychometric Properties ◽

Sensitivity And Specificity ◽

Functional Limitations ◽

Secondary Analysis ◽

Geriatric Depression Scale ◽

Depression Scale ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

Screening Tools ◽

Geriatric Depression

ABSTRACTBackground: Depression is under-diagnosed and under-treated in older adults. The purposes of this study were to (a) evaluate the psychometric properties of the Collateral Source Geriatric Depression Scale (CS-GDS), (b) compare collateral source scores on the CS-GDS with patient scores on the GDS, and (c) examine factors associated with any discrepancies between the CS-GDS and the GDS.Methods: This secondary analysis used data from 132 older adults and their collateral sources attending a geriatric assessment program over a 15-month period. Scores on the 30-, 15-, and 5-item CS-GDS were compared to clinician diagnoses of depression using DSM-IV-TR criteria and patient GDS scores.Results: The three forms of the CS-GDS had acceptable internal consistency, sensitivity and specificity with recommended cut-off scores of 18, 9 and 3, respectively. Collateral sources reported more depressive symptoms than patients did themselves. Simple regression analysis showed that caregiver burden significantly influenced the discrepancy between CS-GDS scores and GDS scores (β = 0.147; p = 0.004). Functional limitations and collateral relations to the patient were not associated with these discrepancies.Conclusion: All three collateral versions had acceptable psychometric properties, which supports the use of the CS-GDS to assess depression in older adults. The CS-GDS provides an important alternative for depression screening with older adults who cannot complete screening tools themselves; however, alternative cut-off scores must be used for high sensitivity and specificity.

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Development and validation of the geriatric depression inventory in Chinese culture

International Psychogeriatrics ◽

10.1017/s1041610215000162 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 27 (9) ◽

pp. 1505-1511 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Zhijuan Xie ◽

Xiaozhen Lv ◽

Yongdong Hu ◽

Wanxin Ma ◽

Hengge Xie ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Chinese Culture ◽

Geriatric Depression Scale ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Area Under The Curve ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Late Life ◽

Self Report ◽

Geriatric Depression ◽

Late Life Depression

ABSTRACTBackground:Depression among older adults is under-recognized either in the community or in general hospitals in Chinese culture. This study aimed to develop a culturally appropriate screening instrument for late-life depression in the non-psychiatric settings and to test its reliability and validity for a diagnosis of depression.Methods:Using a Delphi method, we developed a geriatric depression inventory (GDI), consisting of 12 core symptoms of depressive disorder in old age. We investigated its reliability and validity on 89 patients with late-life depression and 249 non-depression controls. Both self-report (GDI-SR) and physician-interview (GDI-RI) versions were assessed.Results:Cronbach's α coefficient was 0.843 for GDI-SR and 0.880 for GDI-RI. Both GDI-SR and GDI-RI showed good concurrent validity with the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15) (GDI-SR: r = 0.750, p < 0.001; GDI-RI: r = 0.733, p < 0.001). The area under the curve of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) was 0.938 for GDI-SR and 0.961 for GDI-RI, suggesting good to excellent discrimination of depression versus non-depression. Using a cut-off of three items endorsed, sensitivity and specificity were 92.1% and 81.9% for GDI-SR, and 93.3% and 87.1% for GDI-RI.Conclusions:The GDI, either based on self-report or rater interview, is a reliable and valid instrument for the detection of depression among older adults in non-psychiatric medical settings in Chinese culture.

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Psychometric Properties of a Revised Version of the Geriatric Depression Scale Among Community Dwelling Older Adults With Mild Depression

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e663122011-001 ◽

2011 ◽

Author(s):

Stephen J. Roeckeman ◽

Helen Devries

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Psychometric Properties ◽

Geriatric Depression Scale ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Geriatric Depression ◽

Mild Depression ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults

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Relationship between Eating Alone and Poor Appetite Using the Simplified Nutritional Appetite Questionnaire

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu14020337 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 337

Author(s):

Yurie Mikami ◽

Keiko Motokawa ◽

Maki Shirobe ◽

Ayako Edahiro ◽

Yuki Ohara ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Geriatric Depression Scale ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Living Alone ◽

Geriatric Depression ◽

Poor Appetite ◽

Self Rated Health ◽

The Poor ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression

One prominent factor associated with malnutrition is poor appetite. In Japan, the number of older adults living alone has increased annually. Those living alone tended to eat alone, which may lead to poor appetite. This study aimed to investigate the association between eating alone and poor appetite using an index called the Simplified Nutritional Appetite Questionnaire (SNAQ). We surveyed 818 people aged 70 and over in Takashimadaira, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan, in 2016. Comparisons were made between two groups, a poor appetite group (n = 295) and a good appetite group (n = 523), and results indicate that the poor appetite group had a higher rate of eating alone than the good appetite group (38.0% vs. 20. 1%: p < 0.001). Multivariable logistic regression (OR; 95%CI) was performed and poor appetite was significantly associated with the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) score (1.707; 1.200–2.427), the number of medications (1.061; 1.007–1.118), JST score (0.894; 0.841–0.950), the indication of “very healthy” on a self-rated health scale (0.343; 0.152–0.774), and reports of eating alone (1.751; 1.130–2.712). Our results suggest that eating alone is associated with a poor appetite.

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