scholarly journals The Effect on Health Outcomes of Post-Intervention Transtheoretical Model-Based Motivational Interview in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Follow up a Cross-Sectional Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alime Selçuk-Tosun ◽  
Handan Zincir
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Motivational Interview ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
The Self ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Introduction: The individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus were supported with the individual motivational interview in the previous randomized controlled trial. The aim of this study was to assess whether the effect of motivational interview persists relative to the self-efficacy, metabolic control, and health-behavioral change of them. Methods: This study was contacted a cross-sectional design. This study was the follow-up to the previous randomized controlled trial. Total of 32 participants, including 18 from the intervention group and 14 from the control group, were contacted. No new intervention was performed to previous groups (control and intervention). The participants in the intervention and control groups were contacted by phone in the 18th month, and their self-efficacy, metabolic control and health behaviors were assessed. Results: The intergroup comparisons showed that the difference between the sixth month and 18th month was statistically significant except for medical treatment self-efficacy subscale score, postprandial blood glucose and waist circumference. The groups were similar in terms of their use of medicine, nutrition and physical activity behavior stages according to the 18th-month follow-up. Conclusion: This study found that the self-efficacy scores of the intervention group decreased negatively, and their metabolic values increased negatively in the 18th months, compared with the sixth month. In this respect, it is recommended that motivational interviews should be carried out at certain intervals assessing the characteristics of participants without discontinuing them after the intervention.

scholarly journals A Randomized Controlled Trial of an Educational Intervention to Promote Oral and Dental Health of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Mallekmahmoodi ◽  
Mohsen Shamsi ◽  
Nasrin Roozbahani ◽  
Rahmatollah Moradzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Dental Hygiene ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Abstract Background: Diabetes is the most prevalent disease resulted from metabolic disorders. This study aimed to investigate the effect of training based on health belief model (HBM) on oral hygiene-related behaviors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: This study was conducted as an educational randomized controlled trial (single blind) on 120 patients with type 2 diabetes referring to a diabetes clinic selected through systematic sampling, who were assigned to two groups of control (N=60) and intervention (N=60). The data collection tool was a valid and reliable questionnaire based on HBM which was completed by both groups before the intervention. Then, the intervention group received 4 sessions of educational program based on HBM in one month, and the same questionnaire was completed again after 3 months and the data were analyzed through SPSS version 20 software with inferential statistics, t-test, paired t-tests, Chi square, Mann-Whitney test, and Wilcoxon test analysis. Results: Three months after the intervention, awareness of the patients and perceived susceptibility, benefits, self-efficacy, internal cue to action, and performance in oral and dental hygiene-related behaviors had a significant increase in the intervention group (p<0.05). So that the performance of oral and dental hygiene in the intervention group increased from 2.16 ± 0.71 to 3.25 ± 0.49 (p=0.001) after the education. Conclusion: Our results suggest that training patients with diabetes based on HBM as well as through active follow-up can enhance their skills in oral and dental hygiene-related behaviors. Controlling, monitoring and follow-up during the program are also recommended.

scholarly journals Influence of physical activity on periodontal health in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. A blinded, randomized, controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Wernicke ◽  
J. Grischke ◽  
M. Stiesch ◽  
S. Zeissler ◽  
K. Krüger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Periodontal Health ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Hba1c Levels

Abstract Objectives The aim was to investigate the effect of physical activity on periodontal health and HbA1c levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) over a period of 6 months. Materials and methods Thirty-seven patients with non-insulin-dependent T2DM were included in the study. The intervention group (n=20) performed physical activity over a period of 6 months. The control group (n=17) did not receive any intervention. Baseline and final examinations included dental parameters and concentrations of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP). Results Physical activity showed a positive effect on periodontal health. Both the BOP (p= 0.005) and the severity of periodontitis (p= 0.001) were significantly reduced in the intervention group compared to the control group. Furthermore, HbA1c levels were reduced (p= 0.010) significantly in the intervention group while hsCRP levels significantly increased in the control group (p= 0.04). Conclusions Within the limitations of this randomized, controlled trial, physical activity over a period of 6 months is a health-promoting measure for patients with T2DM and improves both periodontal health and HbA1c concentrations.

scholarly journals Person-Centred, Occupation Based Intervention Program Supported with Problem-Solving Therapy for Type 2 Diabetes: a randomized controlled trial

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeynep Bahadır Ağce ◽  
Gamze Ekici
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Problem Solving Therapy

Abstract Background: Individuals with diabetes mellitus both have difficulty in solving problems in daily life and have similar difficulties with self-care regimens. We examined the effect of occupation-based intervention supported with problem-solving therapy of individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus on participation and satisfaction of meaningful occupations, diabetes-related psychosocial self-efficacy, preferred coping strategies and individual well-being. Methods: This study was planned as a single-blind, randomized controlled study with 3-months’ follow-up involving sixty-seven adults with type 2 diabetes. The Canadian Occupational Performance Measure, the Diabetes Empowerment Scale, the Brief COPE and the Five-item World Health Organization Well-Being Index were used. The intervention was conducted in 6 modules, and each implemented about 60 minutes and for 1 session per week. The six modules included evaluations, diabetes education, and problem-solving therapy. The most important feature of the program is its focus on meaningful occupations for the person and provided an opportunity for the participants to apply problem-solving therapy through valued occupation. Differences between groups were analysed with the Mann Whitney U test, and the Friedman test was used to calculate group-time interaction differences (i.e. baseline, after six modules and after three months). Results: Individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus in both groups identified the most significant meaningful activity problems in self-care as personal care. Significant improvement was reported in the intervention group when compared to the control group regarding the participation in meaningful occupation, the satisfaction of performance, psychological self-efficacy and well-being results (p<0.001) after the six modules and 3 months follow-up. The participants' use of the effective coping strategies, active coping and acceptance strategies, self-efficacy as revealed results showed improvement in favor of the intervention group (p<0.05). The intervention group showed significantly improving between measurements at baseline and after three months of modules except for ineffective coping style (p<0.001). Conclusions: The person-centred occupation-based problem-solving therapy encourages participation in meaningful occupations, positive effects on psychological self-efficacy, and improves effective coping styles and well-being of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Problem-solving therapies that incorporate individuals’ priorities via meaningful occupation could be used to supported to lead a meaningful life of individuals of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03783598. Retrospectively Registered. First Posted-December 21, 2018, Last Update Posted-February 18, 2020. Key words: Diabetes mellitus, Person-centred, Occupation-based, Problem-solving, Psychosocial self-efficacy, Coping, Well-being, Quality of life, Occupational therapy

scholarly journals mHealth Technology and Nurse Health Coaching to Improve Health in Diabetes: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheridan Miyamoto ◽  
Madan Dharmar ◽  
Sarina Fazio ◽  
Yajarayma Tang-Feldman ◽  
Heather M Young
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Daily Activity ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Health Coaching ◽  
Patient Centered ◽  
Randomized Controlled

BACKGROUND Chronic diseases, including diabetes mellitus, are the leading cause of mortality and disability in the United States. Current solutions focus primarily on diagnosis and pharmacological treatment, yet there is increasing evidence that patient-centered models of care are more successful in improving and addressing chronic disease outcomes. OBJECTIVE The objective of this clinical trial is to evaluate the impact of a mobile health (mHealth) enabled nurse health coaching intervention on self-efficacy among adults with type-2 diabetes mellitus. METHODS A randomized controlled trial was conducted at an academic health system in Northern California. A total of 300 participants with type-2 diabetes were scheduled to be enrolled through three primary care clinics. Participants were randomized to either usual care or intervention. All participants received training on use of the health system patient portal. Participants in the intervention arm received six scheduled health-coaching telephone calls with a registered nurse and were provided with an activity tracker and mobile application that integrated data into the electronic health record (EHR) to track their daily activity and health behavior decisions. All participants completed a baseline survey and follow-up surveys at 3 and 9 months. Primary and secondary outcomes include diabetes self-efficacy, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and quality of life measures. RESULTS Data collection for this trial, funded by the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute, will be completed by December 2017. Results from the trial will be available mid-2018. CONCLUSIONS This protocol details a patient-centered intervention using nurse health coaching, mHealth technologies, and integration of patient-generated data into the EHR. The aim of the intervention is to enhance self-efficacy and health outcomes by providing participants with a mechanism to track daily activity by offering coaching support to set reasonable and attainable health goals, and by creating a complete feedback loop by bringing patient-generated data into the EHR. CLINICALTRIAL ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02672176; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02672176 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6xEQXe1M5)

Further Evidence of Psychometric Performance of the Self-care of Diabetes Inventory in Adults With Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maddalena De Maria ◽  
Diletta Fabrizi ◽  
Michela Luciani ◽  
Rosario Caruso ◽  
Stefania Di Mauro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Care Management ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Self Care ◽  
The Self ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background The Self-care of Diabetes Inventory (SCODI) is a theory-based tool that measures self-care, a key strategy in the appropriate treatment of diabetes. However, despite the clinical differences between people with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), the psychometric properties of the SCODI were only tested in mixed samples. Purpose This study aims to test the psychometric performances of the SCODI in two separate groups of adults with T1DM and T2DM. Methods This is a secondary analysis from two previous multicentre cross-sectional observational studies involving patients with T1DM (n = 181) and T2DM (n = 540). We tested dimensionality with confirmatory factor analysis and reliability with a multidimensional model-based coefficient for every scale of the SCODI: self-care maintenance, self-care monitoring, self-care management, and self-care self-efficacy. Results We found that the SCODI showed the same dimensionality, with minimal variation in factor loadings for each factor and each scale among T1DM and T2DM groups. High reliability for each scale in both groups was also found (self-care maintenance: T1DM = 0.86, T2DM = 0.83; self-care monitoring: T1DM = 0.84, T2DM = 1.00; self-care management: T1DM = 0.87, T2DM = 0.86; self-care self-efficacy: T1DM = 0.88; T2DM = 0.86). Conclusion The SCODI can be used for measuring self-care in people with T1DM, T2DM, or mixed groups using identical scoring procedures. Considering the well-known differences between Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes diseases and patients’ characteristics, our results support the generalizability of the self-care theory on which the instrument is based.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of the Beyond Good Intentions Program on Improving Dietary Quality Among People With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura A. van der Velde ◽  
Jessica C. Kiefte-de Jong ◽  
Guy E. Rutten ◽  
Rimke C. Vos
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Background and Aims: An appropriate diet is an essential component of the management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). However, for many people with T2DM, self-management is difficult. Therefore, the Beyond Good Intentions (BGI) education program was developed based on self-regulation and proactive coping theories to enhance people's capabilities for self-management. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the BGI program on improving dietary quality among a preselected group of people with T2DM after two-and-a-half years follow-up.Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, 108 people with T2DM were randomized (1:1) to the intervention (n = 56) (BGI-program) or control group (n = 52) (care as usual). Linear regression analyses were used to determine the effect of the BGI program on change in dietary quality between baseline and two-and-a-half years follow-up. In addition, potential effect modification by having a nutritional goal at baseline was evaluated. Multiple imputation (n = 15 imputations) was performed to account for potential bias due to missing data.Results: According to intention-to-treat analysis, participants in the intervention group showed greater improvements in dietary quality score than participants in the control group (β = 0.71; 95%CI: 0.09; 1.33) after follow-up. Having a nutritional goal at baseline had a moderating effect on the effectiveness of the BGI program on dietary quality (p-interaction = 0.01), and stratified results showed that the favorable effect of the intervention on dietary quality was stronger for participants without a nutritional goal at baseline (no nutritional goal: β = 1.46; 95%CI: 0.65; 2.27 vs. nutritional goal: β = −0.24; 95%CI: −1.17; 0.69).Conclusions: The BGI program was significantly effective in improving dietary quality among preselected people with T2DM compared to care as usual. This effect was stronger among participants without a nutritional goal at baseline. A possible explanation for this finding is that persons with a nutritional goal at baseline already started improving their dietary intake before the start of the BGI program. Future studies are needed to elucidate the moderating role of goalsetting on the effectiveness of the BGI program.

scholarly journals Nurse Coaching and Mobile Health Compared With Usual Care to Improve Diabetes Self-Efficacy for Persons With Type 2 Diabetes: Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather M Young ◽  
Sheridan Miyamoto ◽  
Madan Dharmar ◽  
Yajarayma Tang-Feldman
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Usual Care ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Mhealth Technology

BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes is a growing public health problem amenable to prevention and health promotion. As healthy behaviors have an impact on disease outcomes, approaches to support and sustain diabetes self-management are vital. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a nurse coaching program using motivational interviewing paired with mobile health (mHealth) technology on diabetes self-efficacy and self-management for persons with type 2 diabetes. METHODS This randomized controlled trial compared usual care with an intervention that entailed nurse health coaching and mHealth technology to track patient-generated health data and integrate these data into an electronic health record. The inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) enrolled at 1 of 3 primary care clinics, (2) aged 18 years or above, (3) living with type 2 diabetes, and (4) English-speaking. We collected outcome measures at baseline, 3 months, and 9 months. The primary outcome was diabetes self-efficacy; secondary outcomes were depressive symptoms, perceived stress, physical functioning, and emotional distress and anxiety. Linear regression mixed modeling estimated the population trends and individual differences in change. RESULTS We enrolled 319 participants; 287 participants completed the study (155 control and 132 intervention). The participants in the intervention group had significant improvements in diabetes self-efficacy (Diabetes Empowerment Scale, 0.34; 95% CI –0.15,0.53; <i>P</i>&lt;.01) and a decrease in depressive symptoms compared with usual care at 3 months (Patient Health Questionnaire-9; 0.89; 95% CI 0.01-1.77; <i>P</i>=.05), with no differences in the other outcomes. The differences in self-efficacy and depression scores between the 2 arms at 9 months were not sustained. The participants in the intervention group demonstrated a significant increase in physical activity (from 23,770 steps per week to 39,167 steps per week at 3 months and 32,601 per week at 9 months). CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated the short-term effectiveness of this intervention; however, by 9 months, although physical activity remained above the baseline, the improvements in self-efficacy were not sustained. Further research should evaluate the minimum dose of coaching required to continue progress after active intervention and the potential of technology to provide effective ongoing automated reinforcement for behavior change. CLINICALTRIAL ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02672176; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02672176

scholarly journals A Smartphone App to Restore Optimal Weight (SPAROW) in Women With Recent Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Randomized Controlled Trial

10.2196/22147 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. e22147
Author(s):  
Karen Lim ◽  
Shiao-Yng Chan ◽  
Su Lin Lim ◽  
Bee Choo Tai ◽  
Cammy Tsai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Optimal Weight ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Background Women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are at an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Lifestyle interventions aimed at postpartum weight loss to reduce T2DM risk have been reported, but poor compliance remains a barrier. Smartphone-based interventions may improve compliance, but data on its use in women with recent GDM are limited. Objective This trial aimed to investigate the efficacy of a smartphone app in restoring optimal weight following delivery in women with GDM, in the setting of a population with high rates of GDM and type 2 diabetes. Methods In this unblinded randomized controlled trial, 200 women with GDM were randomized to receive the intervention or standard care following delivery. The intervention enabled logging of weight, meals, and activity, with web-based interaction with a team comprising dieticians, a physiotherapist, and an occupational therapist. The primary outcome was an achievement of optimal weight (defined as the restoration of first trimester weight if first trimester BMI≤23 kg/m2 or weight loss of at least 5% from first trimester weight if first trimester BMI>23 kg/m2) at 4 months post partum. Secondary outcome measures included absolute weight loss, serum metabolic markers, self-reported nutritional intake, health education, and quality of life via questionnaires and user engagement in the intervention group. Results In total, 40% (38/96) of women in the intervention group achieved optimal weight at 4 months post delivery compared with 32% (28/93) in the control group (P=.27). Compared with the control group, women in the intervention group reported significantly reduced caloric intake at 4 months after delivery (P<.001) and higher health-directed behavior scores (P=.045). The intervention group also reported increased emotional distress scores (P=.01). At 4 months, participant engagement with the intervention was maintained at 60.8% (SD 33.9%). Conclusions Although a statistically significant increase in women achieving healthy weight was not observed, this app remains promising, as women in the intervention group reported improved health behaviors and lower caloric intake. Importantly, the high retention rates suggest that a larger study with a longer follow-up period might confirm the effectiveness of this app for weight management. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03324737; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03324737 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) RR2-10.1186/s12889-019-7691-3

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