Effects of Complex Training on Explosive Strength in Adolescent Male Basketball Players

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 903-909 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo J A M Santos ◽  
Manuel A A S Janeira
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Male ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Explosive Strength ◽  
Complex Training

scholarly journals Effects of Anthropometric Growth and Basketball Experience on Physical Performance in Pre-Adolescent Male Players

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 2196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natascia Rinaldo ◽  
Stefania Toselli ◽  
Emanuela Gualdi-Russo ◽  
Nicoletta Zedda ◽  
Luciana Zaccagni
Keyword(s):  
Physical Performance ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
T Test ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Adolescent Male ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Explosive Strength ◽  
Motor Tests

During pre-adolescence, several variables connected to growth and weight status could influence physical performance and technical skills. This study aims to assess the influence of growth-related anthropometric changes, weight status, and basketball experience on physical performance in pre-adolescent basketball players. The sample consisted of 50 male basketball players (12.2 ± 0.4 years-old) included in the U-13 category. Anthropometric characteristics were collected using standard procedures. Physical performance was evaluated by 20 m Dash, T-test, squat jump, countermovement jump, and medicine ball throw. In order to assess growth-related changes, we conducted two surveys within a 10-week time span. Student’s t-test was used to compare the data collected in the two surveys and multiple regression analyses were performed to assess the effects of growth, weight status, and basketball experience on performance. After 10 weeks there was a significant increase in FFM (Fat-Free Mass) and a significant decrease in fat parameters. Moreover, between the two surveys, all motor tests significantly improved. The results of linear regression models showed that changes in %F (percentage of body fat) were significantly associated with speed and agility, while handgrip strength and weight status were associated with upper limb explosive strength. Basketball experience was a significant predictor of all three motor tests. In conclusion, body composition changes, years of experience, and weight status influenced physical performance and players’ motor skills ability, especially speed, agility, and upper limb explosive strength.

scholarly journals Muscular Strength Spurts in Adolescent Male Basketball Players: The INEX Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 776
Author(s):  
Eduardo Guimarães ◽  
José A. R. Maia ◽  
Mark Williams ◽  
Filipa Sousa ◽  
Eduardo Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscular Strength ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Height Velocity ◽  
Adolescent Male ◽  
Strength Development ◽  
Maximal Velocity ◽  
Countermovement Jump ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Squat Jump ◽  
Medicine Ball

Although successful performance in basketball requires high levels of muscular strength during adolescence, its development is confounded by the effects of normal growth. We examine the timing, intensity and sequence of muscular strength according to biological age (years from peak height velocity (PHV)) and hypothesize that young basketball players attain their peak muscular strength spurts around PHV. A total of 160 adolescent male basketballers, aged 11–15 years, were followed bi-annually over 3 consecutive years. The years from attainment of PHV and peak weight velocity (PWV) were estimated and five muscular strength measures (sit-ups, handgrip, seated medicine ball throw, squat jump and countermovement jump) were aligned to years from PHV in 3-month intervals. Strength velocities were estimated using a non-smooth mathematical model. The mean ages at-PHV and at-PWV were 13.90 ± 1.40 years and 13.90 ± 1.79 years, respectively. Maximal velocity in sit-ups was attained 6 months prior to attainment of PHV (intensity = 10.69 repetitions·year−1), whereas maximal velocity in squat jump occurred 6 months after-PHV (intensity = 3.93 cm·year−1). Handgrip strength, seated medicine ball throw and countermovement jump maximal velocity peaked at-PHV (intensity = 8.47 kgf·year−1, intensity = 0.75 m·year−1, intensity = 5.59 cm·year−1, respectively). In general, maximal velocity spurts did not differ in their timing, with the velocities reaching a peak concurrent with PHV and PWV or within 6 months of its attainment. Basketball coaches, as well as strength and conditioning trainers, should consider individual differences in strength development and be aware of rapid periods of growth in stature when planning and designing muscular strength training regimes.

scholarly journals Assessing Plyometric Ability during Vertical Jumps Performed by Adults and Adolescents

Sports ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandon Snyder ◽  
Shawn Munford ◽  
Chris Connaboy ◽  
Hugh Lamont ◽  
Shala Davis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Time ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Adolescent Male ◽  
Ground Contact ◽  
Strength Index ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Contact Phase ◽  
Adult Men ◽  
Drop Jumps ◽  
Vertical Jumps

The purpose of this study was to compare different methods for assessing plyometric ability during countermovement (CMJ) and drop jumps (DJ) in a group of adults and adolescents. Ten resistance-trained adult men (age: 22.6 ± 1.6 years) and ten adolescent male basketball players (age: 16.5 ± 0.7 years) performed a CMJ and a DJ from a height of 0.40 m. Jump height (JH), contact time, normalized work (WNORM), and power output (PONORM) during the absorption and propulsion phases were calculated from force platforms and 3-D motion analysis data. Plyometric ability was assessed using the modified reactive strength index (RSIMOD during CMJ) and the reactive strength index (RSI during DJ) as well as three indices using propulsion time, propulsion work (PWI), and propulsion power. Adults jumped significantly higher than adolescents (mean difference [MD]: 0.05 m) while JH (MD: 0.05 m) and ground contact time (MD: 0.29 s) decreased significantly from CMJ to DJ. WNORM (MD: 4.2 J/kg) and PONORM (MD: 24.2 W/kg) during the absorption phase of CMJ were significantly less than these variables during the propulsion phases of the jumps. The reactive strength index variants increased significantly from the CMJ to DJ (MD: 0.23) while all other plyometric indices decreased significantly. Neither RSIMOD nor RSI contributed significantly to the prediction of JH during CMJ and DJ, respectively, while PWI was able to explain ≥68% of the variance in JH. Variants of the reactive strength index do not reflect the changes in mechanical variables during the ground contact phase of CMJ and DJ and may not provide an accurate assessment of plyometric ability during different vertical jumps.

scholarly journals The relationship between lower limb maximal and explosive strength and change of direction ability: Comparison of basketball and tennis players, and long-distance runners

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0256347
Author(s):  
Žiga Kozinc ◽  
Darjan Smajla ◽  
Nejc Šarabon
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Trunk Muscles ◽  
Distance Runners ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Tennis Players ◽  
Change Of Direction ◽  
Explosive Strength ◽  
The Relationship

Change-of-direction (CoD) ability is an important determinant of athletic performance. Muscle strength is among the most important determinants of CoD ability. However, previous studies investigating the relationship between CoD ability and muscle strength focused mostly on flexor and extensor muscle groups, or used multi-joint exercises, such as jumps, squats or mid-thigh pull. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between CoD ability and strength of ankle, knee, hip and trunk maximal and explosive strength. The participants (n = 327), consisting of male and female basketball players, tennis players and long-distance runners completed isometric strength assessments and CoD testing (90° and 180° turn tests). The times of both CoD tests were associated with muscle strength (peak torques and the rate of torque development variables), with correlation coefficients being mostly weak to moderate (r = 0.2–0.6). Strength variables explained 33%, 62% and 48% of the variance in the 90° turn task, and 42%, 36% and 59% of the variance in the 180° turn task, in basketball players, long-distance runners and tennis players, respectively. Hip and trunk muscle strength variables were the most prevalent in the regression models, especially hip adduction and abduction strength. Our results suggest that the strength of several lower limb muscles, in particular of the hip abductors and adductors, and trunk muscles, but also hip rotators, extensors and flexors, as well as knee and ankle flexors and extensors should be considered when aiming to improve CoD performance.

scholarly journals Effects of specific training and detraining in explosive strength: a study on young male basketball players

1997 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Santo ◽  
Manuel A. Janeira ◽  
José A. R. Maia
Keyword(s):  
Young Male ◽  
Specific Training ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Explosive Strength ◽  
Training And Detraining

Os objetivos do presente estudo foram os seguintes: a) identificar os efeitos do treino pliométrico nos indicadores da força explosiva (velocidade, agilidade, salto a partir de uma posição estática, salto com contra-movimento e potência mecânica média dos membros inferiores) de jovens basquetebolistas; e b) perceber os efeitos do destreino específico e da aplicação de um treino pliométrico reduzido, nos ganhos anteriormente obtidos. A amostra foi constituída por 19 jovens basquetebolistas do sexo masculino (idade 14 e 15 anos). A estrutura adaptada para a consecução do presente estudo acentou em duas partes fundamentais. Numa primeira parte, os indivíduos foram sujeitos a um programa de treino pliométrico (saltos no lugar, saltos com deslocamento, saltos em profundidade e saltos com carga adicional), com a duração de oito semanas e uma freqüência de três vezes por semana. No final deste período, o teste-t de medidas repetidas revelou incrementos estatisticamente significativos em todos os indicadores da força explosiva (p < 0,05). Na segunda parte, imediatamente após as oito semanas de treino, os sujeitos foram aleatoriamente distribuídos por dois grupos: o primeiro (Gi, n= 10), respeitou um período de treino específico de quatro semanas mantendo, contudo, os treinos regulares de basquetebol; os indivíduos restantes (G2, n= 9) cumpriram um programa de treino pliométrico reduzido em simultâneo com os treinos regulares de basquetebol. A estrutura de treino adaptada foi idêntica à da fase inicial, com os mesmos níveis de intensidade, mas com uma redução na freqüência (uma vez por semana) e no volume. No final deste período, o teste-t de medidas repetidas permitiu verificar: no Gi, melhorias estatisticamente significativas na velocidade, no salto a partir de uma posição estática e no salto com contra-movimento (p < 0,05), mantendo praticamente inalterados os valores referentes à agilidade e à potência mecânica média; no G2, incrementos estatisticamente significativos para a velocidade e agilidade (p < 0,05), tendo as restantes variáveis mantido os níveis anteriormente atingidos. Posteriormente, o teste-t de medidas independentes (Gj vs. G2), revelou a semelhança entre os grupos relativamente às variáveis, em estudo. Em conclusão: a) os resultados evidenciam a eficácia do desenho do treino pliométrico aplicado; b) o programa de treino reduzido e o destreino específico concorrem, indistintamente, para a manutenção dos níveis de força explosiva; c) o treino de basquetebol revela um poder inequívoco de manutenção e sustentação da “performance” motora (através dos valores dos indicadores da força explosiva), pelo menos a partir do quadro de pressupostos do programa de treino aplicado

scholarly journals Impact of Low Volume Velocity-Controlled vs. Repetition to Failure Resistance Training Session on Measures of Explosive Performance in a Team of Adolescents Basketball Players

Sports ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Ott-Erik Kalmus ◽  
Mehis Viru ◽  
Brent Alvar ◽  
Fernando Naclerio
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Maximum Velocity ◽  
Adolescent Male ◽  
Velocity Control ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Explosive Performance ◽  
Volume Resistance ◽  
Low Volume ◽  
Medicine Ball

This study examined the short-term effects (post 6 h and 24 h) of two equated (70% of 1 repetition maximum (1-RM)) low volume resistance exercise protocols: (i) velocity-controlled (VC) and (ii) repetition to failure (RTF) on upper and lower body performance in competitive adolescent male basketball players. Following a randomized, counterbalanced design, ten participants (age: 16 ± 0.5 years) completed either VC or RTF separated by 72 h. VC consisted of 4 sets of 5 explosive repetitions (≥90% of the maximum velocity). RTF involved 2 sets of 10-RM (with no velocity control). Measurements of 20-m sprint, countermovement jump (CMJ) and medicine ball toss (MBT) were collected before (baseline), post 6 h and 24 h after either VC or RTF. Increases of CMJ post 6 h (VC, +6.7%; RTF, +2.4%) and MBT post 24 h (VC, +4.6%; RTF, +4.2%) were observed after both VC and RTF. Only VC potentiated CMJ after 24 h (+2.0 ± 2.3%). No other changes or differences between protocols were observed. Performing a low volume exercise protocol, either VC or RTF, induced similar potentiation effects on the vertical jump (post 6 h) and medicine ball toss (post 24 h) in adolescent basketball players. Only the VC protocol was still effective to potentiate CMJ performance after 24 h.

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